Download Bacteriophages : Viruses that infect bacteria. Glossary Capsid

Glossary
Bacteriophages
Capsid
:
:
Viruses that infect bacteria.
Protein coat of a virus.
Carbohydrate
: An organic compound
composed
of
carbon,
and
oxygen, with the hydrogen and
oxygen present in 2:1 ratio.
Cell wall
:
The
outer
bacterial,
covering
of
fungal, algal and
plant cells.
DNA
: deoxyribonucleic acid – a
type of nucleic acid occurring
in cells containing phosphoric
acid , deoxyribose, adenine,
guanine,
cytosine
and
thymine.
Ectodesmata
:
membranous
Intercellular
connections
of
plant cells.
Gal-genes
: Genes which are responsible
for galactose fermentation.
Genome
:
A complete set of genetic
material i.e. a complete set of
genes.
Latent infection
: A disease carrier which does
not
Lipopolysaccharide
show any symptom
: A molecule consisting of a
lipid
and
a
polysaccharide
forming the outer membranes
of gram negative cell walls.
Lysogenic bacteria
:
Bacteria
that
carry
prophages.
Lysogenic conversion: A phenomenon in which
prophage is able to change the
properties of a host bacterium
Lygsogeny
: A state in which phage DNA is
incorporated into the host cell
without lysis.
Lysozyme
: An
enzyme
hydrolyzing
capable
bacterial
of
cell
walls.
Lytic phage
: A virulent bacterial virus
Prophage
: The viral DNA of a temperate
phage
which
incorporated
DNA.
into
becomes
the
host
Reverse transcriptase :
An
enzyme
for
the
synthesis of a DNA molecule
using RNA as a template.
RNA
: Ribonucleic acid – a nucleic
acid present in the cytoplasm
and
nucleus
phosphoric
containing
acid,
ribose,
adenine, guanine, cytosine and
uracil.
RNA polymerase
: An enzyme that synthesizes m
RNA on a DNA template.
Replication
: Multiplication of a virus in a
cell; synthesis of a DNA
strand
from
its
complementary strand.
Specialized transduction : Transfer of some specific
genes from one bacterium
to another by a lysogenic
bacteriophage.
Temperate Phage
: A bacteriophage capable
of
integrating
host genome
with
the
Transcription
: The synthesis of m
RNA from one of the DNA
strands.
Viropexis
: The engulfment of whole
virions
by
cells
in
phagocytotic process.
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