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Pennsylvania Fish & Boat Commission Envirothon Sample Test 1. Which of the following venomous snakes does not live in Pennsylvania? a. Water Moccasin b. Timber Rattlesnake c. Eastern Massasauga d. Northern Copperhead 2. You are sampling a stream in western Pennsylvania and find the rocks and substrate to be orange-colored. The pH of the stream is less than 5.0 and you find no critters. What is likely to be the type of pollution found in this stream? a. Acid rain b. Abandoned mine drainage c. Pesticide runoff from surrounding farms d. Discharge from a local sewage plant 3. Name three anadromous fish that migrate to Pennsylvania waters. a. b. c. 4. Which of the following statements is true about fish? a. Shad belong to the trout & salmon family b. Darters belong to the minnow family c. Suckers belong to the minnow family d. Bass belong to the sunfish family 5. A local farmer notices erosion, which is taking place along a stream bank that runs through her cattle pasture. She is concerned that sedimentation will be harmful to the reproduction of a rare darter found in the stream. Which would you recommend? a. Trap all the darters and relocate them to a clean stream b. Remove sediment, cut banks to steep angle, channelize stream and line banks with rocks c. Enhance stream bank by fencing it from the cattle and planting a vegetation buffer d. Build dams on the stream to slow the flow of water and trap the sediment Answers: 1. Which of the following venomous snakes does not live in Pennsylvania? a. Water Moccasin b. Timber Rattlesnake c. Eastern Massasauga d. Northern Copperhead Answer - A The venomous water moccasin (or Eastern Cottonmouth) lives in southern states, from Georgia north to Virginia. It is not found in Pennsylvania. 2. You are sampling a stream in western Pennsylvania and find the rocks and substrate to be orange-colored. The pH of the stream is less than 5.0 and you find no critters. What is likely to be the type of pollution found in this stream? a. Acid rain b. Abandoned mine drainage c. Pesticide runoff from surrounding farms d. Discharge from a local sewage plant Answer - B Abandoned mine drainage (AMD) pollutes almost half of Pennsylvania’s impaired waters. It occurs when water enters abandoned coalmines. The water reacts with iron pyrite in the coal and surrounding rocks, making it acidic (low pH level). The water also picks up metals from the abandoned mines. The metals will later settle on to the stream substrate causing yellow (iron), white (aluminum) or black (manganese) coloration. 3. Name three anadromous fish that migrate to Pennsylvania waters. a. b. c. Answer Striped bass, American shad, blueback herring, hickory shad, Atlantic sturgeon and shortnose sturgeon are all anadromous fish. They migrate from salt water to fresh water to spawn. 4. Which of the following statements is true about fish? a. Shad belong to the trout & salmon family b. Darters belong to the minnow family c. Suckers belong to the minnow family d. Bass belong to the sunfish family Answer - D Bass belong to the sunfish family. Darters belong to the perch family, suckers to the sucker family and shad to the herring family. 5. A local farmer notices erosion, which is taking place along a stream bank that runs through her cattle pasture. She is concerned that sedimentation will be harmful to the reproduction of a rare darter found in the stream. Which would you recommend? a. Trap all the darters and relocate them to a clean stream b. Remove sediment, cut banks to steep angle, channelize stream and line banks with rocks c. Enhance stream bank by fencing it from the cattle and planting a vegetation buffer d. Build dams on the stream to slow the flow of water and trap the sediment Answer - C Fencing in agricultural areas is one of the easiest and least expensive ways to help a stream. Fencing will keep cattle from trampling the banks. It will also allow natural vegetation to grow or be planted. The roots of the vegetation will hold the soil in place and help prevent the bank from further stream erosion. The vegetation in the fenced-area will also act as a “buffer” that filters out pollutants and sediment from upland areas.
