Download Standard Precautions - North Buncombe High School

Methods used to control the spread of infection
Precautions
2.02 Understand infection control
procedures
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Warm up
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*Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

Developed by the CDC
 Enforced by OSHA
 Used on ALL patients- think of all
patients having an infectious disease.

Includes:
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Needle stick safety
– Hand washing
Sharps
– Personal Protective
Spills and splashes
Equipment (PPE)
Resuscitation devices
 Gloves
Waste and linen
 Gowns
disposal
 Masks and eye
protection
–control
Injuries
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procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precaution #1
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Hand washing
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precaution # 2
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Gloves
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precaution # 3
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Personal protection equipment (PPE)
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procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions
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Masks and eye protection
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procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precaution # 4
Proper Disposal of Sharp Items
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

Sharps
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procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

Spills and splashes
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procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions
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Resuscitation devices
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procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions
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Waste and linen disposal
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procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions
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Injuries
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*Methods used to control the spread of infection
Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
Applies to all occupational exposure
of blood or other potentially
infectious material.
 Blood = human blood, blood
components, blood products
 Bloodborne pathogens = disease
causing organisms in blood (Hep. B,
Hep. C, HIV, Ebola)

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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
In an emergency when you cannot
identify body fluids or tell whether they
contain blood, treat all body fluids as
potentially infectious.
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*Methods used to control the spread of infection
Tuberculosis Standard

OSHA Standard to reduce
occupationally transmitted/acquired
TB
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Requires FIT tested and training in
the use of specific respiratory PPE
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PPD skin test annually
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Extended Infection Control
Precautions
Standard Precautions PLUS
 Airborne Precautions

Contact Precautions

Droplet Precautions
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Extended Infection Control
Precautions
 Transmission based precautions
– Additional precautions used with patients
infected with pathogens that are spread
via:
 airborne transmission
 droplet transmission
 direct contact
– Requires isolation
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Extended Infection Control
Precautions
 Airborne precautions
– Patient pathogens are transmitted by
airborne droplets
– Specific PPEs fitted mask- especially TB
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*Methods used to control the spread of
infection
Airborne Precautions
1. Patients room door must be closed
2. Pathogens remain suspended in the air
on dust particles
3. High Efficiency Particulate (HEPA)
respirators required by Health Care
Workers.
4. Must be fit tested for HEPA respirators.
5. Helps prevent the spread of measles,
chicken pox, TB and shingles.
6. Negative pressure room
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Extended Infection Control
Precautions
 Droplet precautions
– Used when large-particle droplets are
expelled during coughing, sneezing,
talking or laughing. Specific PPEs mask if working within
3 feet of patient
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*Methods used to control the spread of infection
Droplet Precautions
Most infection occurs within 3 feet of
patient.
 Droplets are heavy and usually fall to
the floor within the 3 feet range.
 Droplets come from- coughing,
sneezing, talking and laughing.
 Must wear a mask and face shield if
within 3 feet of patient.

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*Methods used to control the spread of infection
Droplet Precautions
Helps prevent the spread of :
Influenza
Meningitis
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
Whooping Cough and Diptheria
Strep Throat
Mumps
 Private room
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Extended Infection Control
Precautions
 Contact precautions
– Patient pathogens are able
to be spread by direct or
indirect contact- Rabies,
MRSA, Pink Eye
– Specific PPEs
 gloves
 gowns
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*Methods used to control the spread of infection
Contact Precautions
1. Anything that comes in contact or
indirect contact of the patient is
contaminated.
2. Needed for diseases that can easily e
transmitted by direct or indirect
contact.
3. Diapered or incontinent patients with
intestinal INFECTIONS.
4. Wear gown if soiling is likely.
5. Helps prevent the spread of
2.02 Understand infection control
gastrointestinal,
respiratory, skin or
procedures
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*Methods used to control the spread of infection
Facts That All Precautions Have in
Common
1. Limit use of non-critical equipment to a
single patient.
2. Wash hands after care.
3. Bag linen to prevent contamination of
self, environment, or outside of bag.
4. Discard infectious trash to prevent
contamination of self, environment, or
outside of bag.
5. Limit transport of patient to essential
purposes only. Must wear mask if
Understand infection control
airborne or 2.02
droplet.
procedures
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Extended Infection Control
Precautions
 Protective
or reverse precautions
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procedures
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Processing

Read article on Standard Precautions and
answer questions on the Standard
Precautions handout in packet.
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procedures
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2.02
Understand infection
control procedures
The End
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