Download adductor canal

Blood Supply of the Anterior Fascial
Compartments of the Thigh
Femoral Artery
main artery of lower limb
Origin
Continuation of Ext. Iliac artery below
the inguinal ligament. Enters the thigh
midway between the ant. Sup. Iliac
spine & pubic Symphysis
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Course:A- upper half of FA lies in FT.
B- Lower Half lies in the adductor canal
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Branches
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Superficial:
Sup. Ext. Pudendal
Sup. Epigastric
Sup circumflex iliac
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Deep:
Profunda femoris
Deep Ext. pudendal
Descending genicular
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Femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
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arise from the lumber plexus in the
abdomen descend in groove between psoas and
iliacus muscles and give branch to iliacs . it
enters the thigh posterior to the inguinal
ligament and lateral to the femoral sheath. 2cm
below the inguinal ligament it ends by dividing
into anterior and posterior branches .
The anterior division gives:
a-Cutaneous nerves includes the anterior
cutaneous nerve of the thigh.
b-muscular branches to the sartoris and through
which it gives genicular branch to the hip joint.
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The posterior division gives:
a- Saphenous nerve (L3 L4). It is the longest
branch of the the medial side of the foot.
b- Muscular branches to the quadriceps femoris
muscle (rectus femoris,
vastus
lateralis, medialis and intermedius(.
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The medial side (adductor) of the thigh
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Includes the adductor muscles
which arise from the external
surfaces of the pubic rami and the
ramus of the ischium. they concerned
with adduction at the hip joint, the
muscles are:
pectineus, adductor longus,
adductorbrevis, adductor magnus,
gracilis
The nerve supply of these muscles is
the obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4).except
the hamstring portion of adductor
magnus from sciatic N. and pectineus
m. receive nerve supply from both
femoral and obturator N.
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The obturator nerve
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Origin : L2,3,4
COURSEarises from the lumbar plexus in
the abdomen it descends medial to the
psoas m. at the lateral wall of the pelvis
here it join the obturator vessels and
enters the obturator canal where it
divides into anterior and posterior
branches:
Anterior branch:
Posterior branch:
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OBT. N
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Obturator artery:
Origin: It is a branch of Internal iliac
artery
Course ,passes through obturator
canal,divides into anterior and
posterior
• Branches
1- muscular
2- articular to femoral head
3- anastamosic branch with medial
cirum. Art.
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( subsartorial canal)
adductor canal
• Boundaries of the canal are:
• (it is triangular in coss section.(
• a- anteromedial wall. Formed by
Sartorius muscle
• b-anterolateral wall. Formed by
Vastus medialis
• c- posterior wall formed by
Adductor longus and magnus.
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adductor canal
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An intermuscular cleft situated on
the medial aspect of the middle 3rd
of the thigh
• Contents of
(2A+1V+2N):
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Femoral artery
descending genicular art.
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus med
• Femoral vein
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Clinical Notes
Varicose veins
Femoral hernia
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gluteal region
Extends from the iliac •
crest above to the
.gluteal fold below
The superficial fascia is •
thick dense and fatty,
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Muscles of the gluteal region
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Superficial abductors and extenders
– A group of large muscles that
abduct and extend the femur. It
includes the gluteus maximus,
gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
and tensor fascia lata.
Deep lateral rotators – A group of •
smaller muscles, that mainly act
to laterally rotate the femur. It
includes the quadratus femoris,
piriformis, gemellus superior,
gemellus inferior and obturator
internus and obturator externus .
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Glut. region
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Deep lateral rotators
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The greater &lesser sciatic foramen:
Sacrotuberous ligament ,Sacrospinous
ligament
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Greater S.F transmit : 1. piriformis 2. sup. Gluteal n. and vessels. 3.infer. Glut. N. and vessels .
n. 5. post. Cut. N of thigh. 6.(PIN) pudendal n. ,Internal pudendal vesseles and nerve to obtur.inter
lesser s. f. transmit 1-PIN 2-tendone of obtur. Intern . M
Structure Pass From from GSF TO LSF : PIN.
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4.sciatic
Artery of gluteal region
Superior gluteal arteryI •
nferior gluteal artery •
Gluteal nerve
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