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Muscles Muscle External intercostal Origin \\\\//// fibers run down ward and forward Internal Intercostal ////\\\\\ fibers run upward and forward Innermost intercostals Fibers run anteriorly, posteriorly and laterally XXXX Posterior surface of lower sternum Transversus Thoracis Muscle External abdominal oblique Origin Slips from ribs V-XII \\\\//// (fibers run the same way as “hands in your pocket”) Insertion End anteriorly as external intercostal membrane End posteriorly as posterior intercostal membranes Innervation Intercostal n. Action ELEVATE ribs during inspiration other Intercostal n. Deep EXPIRATION Neurovascular bundle is posterior Intercostal n. inner surfaces of costal cartilages 26 Insertion Iliac crest and Linea alba through its aponeurosis Intercostal n, Neurovascular bundle is anterior DEPRESSES Ribs Innervation Anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic spinal n. T7T12 Action Compress abdominal wall during maximal expiration, coughing, and defecation. Trunk rotation and flexion Other Lower part of aponeurosis forms inguinal ligament b/w ASIS and pubic tubercle. Aponeurosis forms part of lateral anterior wall of inguinal canal, forms medial anterior wall and superficial inguinal ring. Fascia forms Internal abdominal oblique Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament <<< >>>> (fibers sort of run like that) Inferior boarder of ribs IX-XII Through aponeurosis: linea alba, pubic crest, and pectineal line Anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic spinal nn. T7-T12 plus L1 external spermatic fascia Compress Its abdominal aponeurosis wall during fuses w/ that maximal of the expiration, transversus coughing, abdominis to and form the defecation. conjoined Trunk tendon rotation and Fibers that flexion arch over the spermatic cord form the cremasteric m. which is innervated by the genital branch of the genital femoral nerve and it raises the testicle for temp regulation Cremasteric reflex: stroke upper medial thigh, testicular movement confirms integrity of L1-L2 spinal cord segments. Forms middle spermatic fascia. Forms Transversus Abdominis Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, costal cartilages of lower few ribs Fibers run straight across body horizontally Its aponeurosis attaches to the linea alba, the pubic tubercle, and the pectineal line Anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic spinal nn. T7-T12 plus L1 Compress abdominal wall during maximal expiration, coughing, and defecation. Rectus Abdominis Pubic crest, pubic tubercle and pubic symphysis Fibers run vertically up towards ribs Costal cartilages of ribs V-VII And xyphoid process Anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic spinal n. T7T12 Compress abdominal wall during maximal expiration, coughing, and defecation. Trunk flexion part of lateral anterior wall and part of medial posterior wall of inguinal ligament Its aponeurosis fuses w/ that of the internal abdominal oblique to form the conjoined tendon. Aponeurosis forms remainder of posterior medial wall of inguinal canal. “6 pack” the rectus sheath that encloses the rectus abdominal m. Above the umbilicus the aponeuroses of the external and internal obliques contribute to the anterior sheath while the aponeuroses of the internal oblique and the transversus abdominus contribute to the posterior sheath. Below the umbilicus the aponeuroses of the external and internal oblique’s and the transversus abdominus all contribute to the anterior sheath. At this point (the arcuate line) the posterior sheath is absent and the rectus abdominis in contact w/ transversalis fascia. Has tendinous intersections Muscle Origin Psoas Major Bodies of T12L5, from Insertion Lesser trochanter Innervation Lumbar plexus Action Relationships Flexes thigh Tendon with iliacus, posterior to transverse processes and intervertebral disks of L1-L5 (ventral rami L1-L3) Psoas Minor Sides of T12 and L1 vertebrae and intervening vertebral disk Iliopubic eminence on pelvic rim Iliacus Lesser Femoral trochanter, nerve L2-L4 fibers mixed with psoas major (iliopsoas) Superior 2/3 of iliac fossa Ventral ramus L1 both with iliacus flexus trunk, flexes vertebral column laterally alone Helps psoas major flex pelvis and lumbar region of the vertebral column Flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint with psoas major inguinal ligament and anterior to the hip joint . Lateral to the lumbar vertebrae. “muscle of the loin” Anterior to psoas major Lateral and inferior to psoas major, extends across sacroiliac joint Clinical: iliopsoas m. has extensive relations to the kidneys, ureters, cecum, sigmoid colon, pancreas, lymph nodes, and lumbar plexus. Tuberculosis in lumbar region spreads from the verterbrae to fascia enclosing the psoas major and can cause an abscess. Pus from this abscess can pass deep to Quadratus Lumborum Tips of transverse processes of L1-L5 Iliolumbar Ventral ligament branches and internal T12, L1-L4 lip of iliac crest Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column and fixes 12th rib during inspiration inguinal ligament into femoral triangle Overlapped medially by psoas major, borders transversus abdominis