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Plans for Reconstruction Obj SWBAT Explain why Congress took charge of Reconstruction DO NOW Desribe Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction • WadeDavis Bill • Proposed by Republicans in Congress • Majority of white men must swear loyalty to U.S. • Former confederates could not vote or hold office • Lincoln vetoes the Bill OTE NO V Jan 98:50 AM April 14, 1865 • John Wilkes Booth assassinates Lincoln. Jan 98:50 AM Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction Jan 98:50 AM Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction • (Johnson became president after Lincoln’s assassination) • Continuation of Lincoln’s policies • Majority of white men must swear loyalty • Must ratify 13th amendment (banned slavery) • Former confederate officials may vote/hold office • Johnson’s plan failed to address the needs of former slaves in 3 key areas: • Land ownership • Voting Rights • Protection under the law • Radical Republicans in the Congress were angered by Johnson’s plan Jan 98:50 AM Johnson’s Political Problems Johnson was the ONLY Southern Senator to remain loyal to the Union when the war broke out Johnson was a Democrat who broke ranks with his party to run for VP with Republican Abe Lincoln As a result of his political history, which groups may have mistrusted Johnson? Republicans mistrusted Johnson because he was a Democrat Democrats mistrusted Johnson because he ran for office with a Republican Southerners mistrusted Johnson because he took the Union’s side in the war Northerners mistrusted Johnson because the feared he would have sympathy for the south Jan 98:50 AM Jan 1012:48 AM 1 President Johnson & Congress (Radical Republicans): AT ODDS Radical Republicans supported: • President Johnson Freedmen’s Bureau Offered assistance to freed slaves Veto Civil Rights Act Granted citizenship and equal protection to African Americans Reconstruction Act Divided south into five military districts Set up requirements for readmission to the Union Veto Veto Why did Johnson oppose this legislation? He believed that the RRs were intruding on states rights & imposing federal power on state issues Jan 1012:48 AM President Johnson & Congress (Radical Republicans): AT ODDS Jan 98:50 AM Who were the Radical Republicans & what was their plan for Reconstruction: • Republicans were able to override Johnson’s vetoes • Republicans passed the Tenure of Office Act It stated that the President needed approval from Congress to fire a member of his Cabinet • Johnson then fired his Secretary of War, the RR’s then IMPEACHED Johnson • Removing Johnson from office failed by 1 vote! Rep. Stevens Jan 1012:48 AM Reconstruction Act of 1867 Senator Sumner Jan 98:50 AM Military Reconstruction • Bill was passed by Radicals & Moderates in Congress • Main Parts of the Bill: • >The south was divided into 5 military districts, each district controlled by a Union General • >Elected delegates met to draft new state constitutions • >African Americans were given the right to vote • >14th amendment needed to be passed by each state • >After terms were met, the state could reenter the Union • Johnson vetoed the Act • >Congress overrode the veto & it became law Jan 1012:48 AM Jan 1012:48 AM 2 Constitutional Amendments Protecting the Civil Rights of African Americans (Civil War/Reconstruction Era Amendments) 13th Amendment Outlawed slavery/involuntary servitude 14th Amendment • Granted citizenship to all people born in the U.S. • Gave all citizens equal protection under the law, applied the Bill of Rights to each of the States 15th Amendment States could not keep anyone from voting because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Jan 98:50 AM Conclusion • How did the politics of reconstruction shape the post Civil War era? • Politicians debated over the best way to bring the nation back together • President Johnson, Republicans in Congress clashed (Johnson impeachment) • Constitutional amendments attempted to secure rights for the freed slaves • New state governments/constitutions had to be designed for southern states • Northern Industries boomed supplying the materials for the South’s rebuilding • Bitterness between the regions continued for years Jan 98:50 AM 3
