Download Phones Programming in Java

Cosc 4730
Phone Programming in Java
An Introduction
Java: Blackberry vs Android
• Blackberry use JavaME with a lot of extensions
• We’ll cover the Blackberry JavaME with extensions
•
less JavaME, more Blackberry JavaME
•
If it doesn’t apply to a Blackberry, I won’t cover it.
• Android uses “Java”, except is closer in nature
to JavaME with Google/Android’s own twist.
• Because of this, I’ll teach how to code X for
Android as well as Blackberry
Java ME

Java Platform, Micro Edition



An environment for applications
Generally for mobile phones, PDA, TVs, and other
embedded devices.
Like Java Standard Edition (SE), applications
written for ME are portable across many devices.

But use each devices native capabilities
Java ME (2)
•
Java For Micro devices
•
Micro Device:
–
Limited processing Power
–
Limited Storage Capacity
–
No or Low Bandwidth Network Connection
•
Phones, PDAs, TV, Car Navigation systems, ...
Capabilities
•
Depends on device, but JavaME can:
–
Multimedia
•
–
Connectivity
•
–
HTTP, Network (Sockets, Datagrams), Bluetooth,
Infrared, Serial IO, Wifi and Cell Data Network
Gaming
•
–
audio/video playback/recording
Layers, Canvas, 3D support, Sprites
SMS, MMS, File Management, Database, GPS,
Personal Info Management, Security Services
Terms and Standards
Terms and Standards (2)

CLDC – Connected Limited Device
Configuration

Most mobile phones and their like.
Terms and Standards (3)

CLDC and MIDP (Mobile Information Device
Profile)

Most mobile devices in the last couple of use this
environment .

CLDC 1.1 (JSR 139) or CLDC 1.0 (JSR 30)

MIDP 2.0 (JSR 118) or MIDP 1.0 (JSR 37)

Note: MIDP 2.0 supports at least CLDC 1.0
Terms and Standards (4)

Also Java Technology for Wireless Industry
(JTWI) JSR 185. Currently JTWI 1.0

Includes MIDP 2.0

CLDC 1.0, but 1.1 may be used instead.

WMA 1.1 (JSR 120)


Wireless Messaging API, which provides access to text
messaging capabilities (usually SMS).
Optional MMAP 1.1

Mobile Media API for rendering and recording media
data.
Terms and Standards (4)

A few more we will run into (not a complete list)

Bluetooth and OBEX - JSR 82


Mobile 3D Graphics – JSR 184


Java API for bluetooth
Mobile 3D graphics API
SVG API – JSR 229

Scalable 2D Vector Graphics API
Architecture
•
Optional Packages
•
MMAPI, 3D API...
•
Profile
•
MIDP, PBP, App
•
Configuration
•
CLDC, CDC
–
JVM
CLDC
•
MIDP over CLDC is what most cell phones
use:
–
CLDC
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
No Floating point support
No Object finalization
No support for JNI or reflection
No thread groups or daemon thread
No application-defined class loaders
Implementation-defined error handling.
Class verification is done differently
MIDP
•
MIDP applications are called MIDlets
•
APIs for
–
Application management and control
–
User interface
–
Persistent storage
–
Networking
–
Timers
MIDlets
•
In a Nutshell and MIDlets is loaded
•
Then Startapp()
→ Active process running
→ PauseApp()
→ DestroyApp()
→ Paused Process
→ StartApp()
→ DestroyApp()
•
DestoryApp unloads MIDlets
CDLC Application
•
On some devices
–
An application can be created, instead of a
MIDlet
–
Application has a Main(), like normal Java
applications
–
MIDlet don't have main, instead extend the
MIDlet class
–
SmartPhones are more likely to have
Applications, instead of just MIDlets.
API references
•
Java ME techology API Documentation
•
http://java.sun.com/javame/referece/apis.jsp
–
Includes CLDC, CDC, and Sun optional
packages
–
Note: This sun generic JavaME and some
smartphones have added to JavaME
Jsr118 (MIDP 2.0)
•
•
User Interface Package
•
javax.microedition.lcdui: The UI API provides a set of features for implementation of user
interfaces for MIDP applications.
•
javax.microedition.lcdui.game: The Game API package provides a series of classes that enable
the development of rich gaming content for wireless devices.
Persistence Package
•
•
Application Lifecycle Package
•
•
javax.microedition.rms: The Mobile Information Device Profile provides a mechanism for MIDlets
to persistently store data and later retrieve it.
javax.microedition.midlet: The MIDlet package defines Mobile Information Device Profile
applications and the interactions between the application and the environment in which the
application runs.
Networking Package
•
javax.microedition.io: Classes for the Generic Connection framework.
Jsr118 (MIDP 2.0) (2)
•
•
Audio Package
•
javax.microedition.media: The MIDP 2.0 Media API is a directly compatible building block of the
Mobile Media API (JSR-135) specification.
•
javax.microedition.media.control: This package defines the specific Control types that can be
used with a Player.
Public Key Package
•
•
javax.microedition.pki: Certificates are used to authenticate information for secure Connections.
Core Packages
•
java.io: Provides classes for input and output through data streams.
•
java.lang: Provides classes that are fundamental to the Java programming language.
•
java.util: Contains the collection classes, and the date and time facilities.
For comparison
• Check the Java docs for jsr118 vs Java v6
• Java6: http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/
• Jsr118:
http://java.sun.com/javame/reference/apis/jsr118/
• JavaMe is very much a small subset of the java
language you are used to using.
• The language is there, but not everything you may
want to use.
Blackberry and android
• Blackberry's can use MIDlet, just like standard
JavaME phone
– But prefer a different method.
• base class is the application class, but is not a MIDlet.
application is closer in nature to a standard Java program,
then a JavaMe app. There is a Main class!
• uses MainScreen for each screen that the applications is
using.
– Note, you can have many screens.
• Android phones uses it own version of Java with
XML.
– Uses an Activity as base class
• very similar to MIDlet.
Android
•No JavaME Standards or
JSRs apply
•Uses an Activity as base
class, but similar to
MIDlets has OnCreate,
OnStart(), onResume(),
onStop()
•For more information:
•http://developer.android.c
om/guide/basics/what-isandroid.html
Android (2)
• Developer pages have lot of examples and
reference guides
– api reference guide:
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/
app/package-summary.html
– Resources and tutorials (where the helloworld
example came from)
• http://developer.android.com/resources/index.html
Q&A