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Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindicated in: Hypersensitivity; Abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting, espe-
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DOCUSATE
cially when associated with fever or other signs of an acute abdomen.
Use Cautiously in: Excessive or prolonged use may lead to dependence; Should
not be used if prompt results are desired; OB, Lactation: Has been used safely.
Kao-Tin, Kaopectate Stool Softener
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
EENT: throat irritation. GI: mild cramps, diarrhea. Derm: rashes.
(dok-yoo-sate)
docusate calcium
docusate sodium
Colace, Correctol, Diocto, Docu-Soft, Docusoft S, DOK, Dosolax, DSS, Dulcolax,
Dulcolax Stool Softener, Enemeez, Fleet Pedialax, Fleet Sof-Lax, Phillips LiquidGels, Selax, Silace, Soflax
Classification
Therapeutic: laxatives
Pharmacologic: stool softeners
Pregnancy Category C
Indications
PO: Prevention of constipation (in patients who should avoid straining, such as after
MI or rectal surgery). Rect: Used as enema to soften fecal impaction.
Action
Promotes incorporation of water into stool, resulting in softer fecal mass. May also
promote electrolyte and water secretion into the colon. Therapeutic Effects:
Softening and passage of stool.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Small amounts may be absorbed from the small intestine after oral administration. Absorption from the rectum is not known.
Interactions
Drug-Drug: None significant.
Route/Dosage
Docusate Calcium
PO (Adults): 240 mg once daily.
Docusate Sodium
PO (Adults and Children ⬎12 yr): 50– 400 mg in 1– 4 divided doses.
PO (Children 6– 12 yr): 40– 150 mg in 1– 4 divided doses.
PO (Children 3– 6 yr): 20– 60 mg in 1– 4 divided doses.
PO (Children ⬍3 yr): 10– 40 mg in 1– 4 divided doses.
PO (Infants): 5 mg/kg/day in 1– 4 divided doses.
Rect (Adults): 50– 100 mg or 1 unit containing 283 mg docusate sodium, soft soap,
and glycerin.
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
Assessment
● Assess for abdominal distention, presence of bowel sounds, and usual pattern of
bowel function.
Distribution: Unknown.
Metabolism and Excretion: Amounts absorbed after oral administration are
● Assess color, consistency, and amount of stool produced.
eliminated in bile.
Potential Nursing Diagnoses
Half-life: Unknown.
Constipation (Indications)
TIME/ACTION PROFILE (softening of stool)
ROUTE
ONSET
PEAK
DURATION
PO
Rectal
12–72 hr
2–15 min
unknown
unknown
unknown
unknown
⫽ Canadian drug name.
⫽ Genetic Implication.
Implementation
● Do not confuse Colace with Cozaar. Do not confuse Dulcolax (docusate
sodium) with Dulcolax (bisacodyl). Do not confuse Kaopectate Stool
Softener (docusate calcium) with Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate).
CAPITALS indicate life-threatening, underlines indicate most frequent.
Strikethrough ⫽ Discontinued.
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● This medication does not stimulate intestinal peristalsis; stimulant laxative may be
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required for constipation.
PO: Administer with a full glass of water or juice. May be administered on an
empty stomach for more rapid results.
Oral solution may be diluted in milk, infant formula, or fruit juice to decrease bitter taste.
Do not administer within 2 hr of other laxatives, especially mineral oil. May cause
increased absorption.
Rect: Administer as a retention or flushing enema.
Patient/Family Teaching
● Advise patients that laxatives should be used only for short-term therapy. Long-
term therapy may cause electrolyte imbalance and dependence.
● Encourage patients to use other forms of bowel regulation, such as increasing
bulk in the diet, increasing fluid intake (6– 8 full glasses/day), and increasing mobility. Normal bowel habits are variable and may vary from 3 times/day to 3 times/
wk.
● Instruct patients with cardiac disease to avoid straining during bowel movements
(Valsalva maneuver).
● Advise patient not to use laxatives when abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or fever
is present.
● Advise patient not to take docusate within 2 hr of other laxatives.
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes
● A soft, formed bowel movement, usually within 24– 48 hr. Therapy may take 3– 5
days for results. Rectal dose forms produce results within 2– 15 min.
Why was this drug prescribed for your patient?
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