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Electric Circuits Lead students on fascinating investigations with light bulb circuits and resistor circuits using this intuitive and easy-touse module. Students will discover and retain key concepts such as Ohm's law, Kirchoff's laws, current, voltage, and series and parallel circuits. Next Generation Science Standards Connection The investigations in this CPO Science Link module build conceptual understanding and skills for the following NGSS Performance Expectations: MS-PS2-3. Ask questions about data to determine the factors that affect the strength of electric and magnetic forces. MS-PS2-5. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. HS-PS2-5. Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electric current can produce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current. HS-PS2-6. Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. HS-PS3-3. Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. CPO Science Link Electric Circuits page 1 of 3 Electric Circuits This CPO Science Link module includes 15-20 inquiry-based investigations. Sample content and skills covered include the following: Concept Key Question Learning Goals Vocabulary Level A Investigations What is a circuit? What is an electric circuit? • • • • • Voltage and Current How are voltage and current measured in a circuit? • Measure voltage of a battery both in and out of a circuit. • Measure the current at different locations in a circuit. voltage, volts, current, amps Types of Circuits What kinds of circuits can you build? • Build, describe, and identify a series circuit. • Build, describe, and identify a parallel circuit. • Build, describe, and identify AND & OR circuits. series circuit, parallel circuit, AND circuit, OR circuit Analyzing Circuits Why are the bulbs in a 2- bulb parallel circuit brighter than the ones in a 2-bulb series circuit? • Build series and parallel circuits. • Analyze the voltage and current at different places in series and parallel circuits. • Explain why the bulbs wired in parallel are brighter than the bulbs wired in series. parallel circuit, series circuit, voltage, current Voltage Why do charges move through a circuit? • • • • Explain voltage. Measure voltage with a digital multimeter. Describe the role of a battery in a circuit. Calculate the total voltage of several batteries in series. • Describe the transfer of energy in a circuit. voltage, volt, electric current, digital multimeter Current How does current move through a circuit? • Define current and explain its role in an electric circuit. • Measure current in amps with a digital multimeter. current, amps Resistance What is resistance and how is it measured? • Explain the role of resistance in an electric circuit. • Measure resistance in ohms with a digital multimeter. • Predict and describe what happens when resistors are added in series to a light bulb circuit. resistance, ohms electricity, circuit, closed circuit, open circuit, electrical symbol, circuit diagram, conductor, insulator Build a simple circuit. Diagram a simple circuit. Explain how a switch works. Identify open and closed circuits. Test and identify conductors and insulators. Level B Investigations CPO Science Link Electric Circuits page 2 of 3 Concept Key Question Learning Goals Vocabulary Ohm’s Law How are voltage, current, and resistance related? • Describe how current changes when resistance is increased. • Describe how current changes when voltage is increased. • Describe how voltage, current, and resistance are related. • Explain why resistors are used in a circuit. Ohm’s law, resistor, variable resistor, potentiometer, fixed resistor Designing a Circuit How do you design and build and working circuit? • Use the engineering cycle to design a working prototype. • Test and refine a prototype. • Describe energy transformations that occur in a circuit engineering cycle, prototype, constraint, criteria, trade-off, energy, energy transformation, electrical energy, chemical energy, radiant energy, mechanical energy Series Circuits How do you use Ohm’s law in series circuits? • Calculate total resistance in series circuits. • Build circuits with fixed and variable resistors. • Analyze series circuits using Ohm’s law. • Use Kirchhoff’s voltage law to find the voltage drop across a circuit component. • Graph bulb resistance vs. current. Ohm’s law, resistance, series circuit, resistor, variable resistor, potentiometer Parallel Circuits How do parallel circuits work? • Build circuits with fixed and variable resistors. • Compare current and voltage in series and parallel circuits. • Design a battery voltage test circuit. Ohm’s law, series circuit, parallel circuit Compound Circuits How do you analyze compound circuits? • Calculate the total resistance of a compound circuit. • Calculate the current at various locations in a compound circuit. • Determine the voltage across each resistor in a compound circuit. • Measure the current and voltage in a compound circuit. compound circuit Level C Investigations CPO Science Link Electric Circuits page 3 of 3