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2/9/2015 Differences Between Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles 2/9/15 Warm-Up: What is the difference between the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle? In the Lytic Cycle: • Viral DNA destroys Cell DNA, takes over cell functions and destroys the cell. • The Virus replicates and produces progeny phages. • There are symptoms of viral infection. • Virulent viral infection takes place. Learning Objective: Students will be able to describe the role of bacteria and viruses in causing disease. In the Lysogenic Cycle: • Viral DNA merges with Cell DNA and does not destroy the cell. • The Virus does not produce progeny. • There are no symptoms of viral infection. • Temperate viral replication takes place. How Diseases are Spread How do Viruses spread? • http://video.pbs.org/video/2365317280/ • • • • • • airborne direct contact indirect contact contamination wound vector-carried insects or other arthropods 1. What helps bacteria grow? • Moisture • Specific ranges – Temperature – pH • Nutrients 2. Endospore In POOR GROWTH CONDITIONS>> SURVIVAL MODE >> ENDOSPORE FORMED to protect the nucleoid region >> dormant • layers of hard material around the nucleoid region (within the plasma membrane) • helps a bacterium survive unfavorable conditions 1 2/9/2015 How do pathogens cause disease? After infection/exposure, the pathogen rapidly multiplies during the incubation period. • Tissue destruction – Pathogen obtains nutrition from host cells, destroying them in the process • Toxin release Antibiotics Sir Alexander Fleming • effective on bacteria, not on viruses • should be prescribed by a physician • can lose their potency Take ALL of your prescription! – Pathogens release poisonous substances, causing the cells to malfunction 3. Vaccination • inactivated vaccine – altered virus –weak immunity • attenuated vaccine – “live” virus – stronger immunity 2