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Astro C10 Midterm II Jeopardy Round I: Planets: $200 - This planet occasionally has dust storms which obscure its ENTIRE surface. (Mars) $400 - You can only see these planets close to the horizon (45 degrees or less). (Venus & Mercury) $600 - This is how we observed the rings around Uranus. (Occultation) $800 - These two planets most closely resemble the composition of the Sun and the solar nebula. (Jupitar & Saturn) Ponies (exoplanets): $200 - Astronomers at this University have found the most exoplanets (Berkeley or Cal) $400 - These are the two main methods of detecting exoplanets (Doppler method and Transits) $600 – In a star/planet system, both the star and the planet orbit this (Center of mass) $800 - The first exoplanet was found by a team from this country (Switzerland) Sharp Things (stars): $200 - These tell us about the composition of the outer layers of stars. (Absorption lines) $400 - Spectral classification of stars is based mostly on this (Temperature) $600 – This is the factor by which the luminosity of a star changes when its radius is increased by 3. (9) $800 - This is what we call a rotating neutron star with a powerful jet that crosses our line of sight. (Pulsar) Potent Potables (Misc): $200 - These come from the Oort cloud and sometimes visit the sun only once (Comets) $400 - Pluto is now called this. (Dwarf planet) $600 – This is the event that killed the remaining dinosaurs and 2/3 of all life (K-T Extinction) $800 - A novae can result when you have these two objects near each other (WD and other star, red giant) Round II: The Sun: $400 - This is a violent release of energy from the sun (solar flare) $800 - This is considered the “visible” surface of the sun (photosphere) $1200 – Every 11 years, the sun reverses this (Its magnetic polarity) $1600 - This is the approximate temperature of the sun’s core (10^7 K, 10 million K) Vowels (Stellar Evolution): $400 - This is the source of energy for main sequence stars. (Hydrogen Fusion) $800 - Before reaching the MS, a protostar is doing this (Contracting) $1200 – When a star first leaves the MS it becomes this (Red Giant) $1600 - This prevents collapse of the star at the center of a planetary nebula (Electron degeneracy pressure) Sharp Things (stars): $400 - This “failed star” did not have a high enough T to sustain long-term fusion (BD) $800 - An “HR diagram” is a plot of which two quantities (T(or spectral type) vs. L(or absolute mag)) $1200 – More luminous stars tend to live (shorter) $1600 - Globular clusters contain this type of stars (old) Potent Potables (Misc): $400 - This event releases heavy elements into space (Supernova) $800 - When an iron core from a large star collapses, this type of new star is formed (Neutron) $1200 – This theory predicts the warping of space and time (General Theory of Relativity) $1600 - This defines the maximum size of a black hole (Schwarzschild radius) Final Jeopardy: Category: Stellar Evolution After the core of a star has depleted its supply of H, it starts fusing this element to produce what other two elements?