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QUESTION: Review The term “environment” includes a) b) c) d) Animals and plants Oceans and rivers Soil and atmosphere All of the above are included in this term QUESTION: Review Which of the following is correct about the term “environmentalism”? a) It is very science-oriented b) It is a social movement to protect the environment c) It usually does not include advocacy for the environment d) It involves scientists trying to solve environmental problems QUESTION: Review Adding various amounts of fertilizer to plants in a laboratory is a _____ type of experiment a) b) c) d) Correlative Natural Manipulative Rare QUESTION: Review What is the definition of “sustainable development”? a) Using resources to benefit future generations, even if it means lower availability now b) Letting future generations figure out their own problems c) Using resources to satisfy current needs without compromising future availability d) Letting each country decide what is its best interest QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and According to this graph, what Datahas happened to the population over the last 500 years? a) b) c) d) It has grown exponentially It has grown linearly It has decreased It has slowed down recently QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data What happens if test results reject a hypothesis? a) The scientist formulates a new hypothesis b) It shows the test failed c) The hypothesis was supported d) The predictions may not have been correct QUESTION: Review Which of the following part of an atom has a negative charge? a) b) c) d) Proton Neutron Electron Hydrogen QUESTION: Review Ionic bonds are bonds that …… a) Share electrons b) Occur when an electron is transferred from one atom to another c) Share electrons unequally d) Lose an electron QUESTION: Review Which of the following is NOT a reason water is essential for life? a) Water can absorb large amounts of heat without changing temperature b) Waste and nutrients can be transported in water c) Ice floats on liquid water, so fish survive cold winters d) Water usually cannot dissolve other molecules QUESTION: Review Of the following macromolecules, which one is NOT a polymer? a) Lipids b) Proteins c) Carbohydrates d) Nucleic acids QUESTION: Review Sugars, starches, and glucose are all: a) Lipids b) Proteins c) Carbohydrates d) Nucleic acids QUESTION: Review According to the second law of thermodynamics …? a) b) c) d) Energy cannot be created or destroyed Things tend to move toward a more disorderly state Matter can be created, but not energy Kinetic energy is the most efficient source of energy QUESTION: Review Which of the following organisms is an autotroph? a) b) c) d) Deep-sea tubeworm Horse Pine tree None of these QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data A molecule of the hydrocarbon ethane contains…? 10 carbon atoms and 8 hydrogen atoms b) 8 carbon molecules and 10 hydrogen enzymes c) Carbon and hydrogen DNA d) Two different ions a) QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data Which is the most acidic material? a) b) c) d) Soft soap Rainwater Acid rain Lemon juice QUESTION: Review Which of the following is NOT a part of the process of natural selection? a) Organisms struggle to survive b) Organisms limit the number of young they produce c) Individuals vary in their genetic characteristics d) Some individuals are better suited to their environment than others QUESTION: Review Disruptive selection would result in which of the following? a) Dogs with black coats evolving whiter coats in colder areas b) Red and white flowers interbreeding, producing pink flowers c) Fish evolving bigger eyes as the water gets muddier d) A population of birds, some with thicker beaks that eat seeds and others with thinner beaks that eat insects QUESTION: Review Biological diversity includes all of the following, except: a) Species diversity b) Genetic diversity c) Population diversity d) Community diversity e) All of these are included in the concept of biodiversity QUESTION: Review Sympatric speciation would occur in .... a) One population that mates in May, and another that mates in June b) Two populations separated by the Mississippi River c) Two populations separated by a glacier d) Two populations separated by the Rocky Mountains QUESTION: Review Which of these species is least vulnerable to extinction? a) b) c) d) A species with a population size of 50 individuals A species distributed throughout the United States A species that eats only river snails A species that lives on mountaintops QUESTION: Review An ecosystem is defined as: a) The total living things on Earth b) Members of the same population that can interbreed c) Interacting species in an area d) Species and the nonliving material they interact with QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data Which of the following graphs shows a population that will have fewer individuals in the future? (a) (b) (c) (d) QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data Which type of distribution is a result of individuals guarding their territory? a) b) c) d) Random Uniform Clumped None of these QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data What does this graph show? a) The effects of carrying capacity on population growth b) A population that keeps growing c) The effects of exponential growth d) The effects of increasing carrying capacity QUESTION: Review Predation is a form of species interaction where…. a) Both species are harmed b) One species benefits, but the other is harmed c) Both species benefit d) One species excludes another from a particular area QUESTION: Review The phenomenon where one species completely excludes another species from access to a resource is called: a) Amensalism b) Intraspecific competition c) Competitive exclusion d) Species coexistance QUESTION: Review An example of coevolution would be: a) Predators killing their prey b) One species moving out of an area to find new resources c) A host species becoming more vulnerable to parasitism d) A pine tree evolving thicker pinecones to reduce consumption by squirrels QUESTION: Review Which statement is NOT true about trophic levels? a) Plants are autotrophs and occupy the first trophic level b) Detritivores consume waste products or dead bodies c) Biomass and energy increase going up the food chain d) There are fewer predator species than prey species in an area QUESTION: Review Secondary succession would take place on all of the following EXCEPT…? a) The slopes of a newly formed volcanic island b) Wetlands in Texas, following Hurricane Rita c) Forests growing on an abandoned farm d) Vegetation regrowing in Yellowstone National Park after a major fire QUESTION: Review All of the following are ways to control invasive species, EXCEPT: a) Remove individuals from the area b) Stress them by noise c) Trap them d) Encourage them to hybridize with another species QUESTION: Review Which biome has more extreme temperature differences between winter and summer, may contain prairie dogs, and has been extensively converted to agriculture? a) Tropical rainforest b) Temperate grasslands c) Temperate rainforest d) Taiga QUESTION: Review Which biome has year-round warm temperatures, as well as rainfall and lush vegetation, but very poor soils? a) Tropical rainforest b) Temperate grasslands c) Temperate rainforest d) Taiga QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data What does this figure illustrate? a) A predator–prey cycle b) Competitive exclusion c) Resource partitioning d) Succession QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data In this climatograph for Archangelsk, Russia, in the boreal forest biome, summers are… ? a) Long and warm b) Short and cool c) Long and cold d) Short and warm QUESTION: Review The term “system” includes all of the following, except: a) A network of relationships among various components b) The various components tend to minimize interactions c) Energy, matter, and information are exchanged between components d) Energy and matter are valuable inputs to the system QUESTION: Review Which of the following describes a positive feedback loop? a) It drives a system towards an extreme b) It stabilizes the system c) It causes the system to move in opposite directions at the same rates d) It causes the system to maintain a constant condition QUESTION: Review Which of the following is a correct statement? a) b) c) d) Energy and matter flow in one direction only Energy and matter both cycle repeatedly Energy flows in one direction, while matter recycles Matter flows in one direction, while energy recycles QUESTION: Review What is the definition of “net primary productivity”? a) Assimilation of energy by heterotrophs b) Elements and compounds that are required for survival c) Energy remaining after respiration that is used to generate biomass d) Assimilation of energy by autotrophs QUESTION: Review Which biogeochemical cycle comprises 78% of our atmosphere, and is contained in proteins, DNA and RNA? a) b) c) d) Carbon Nitrogen Water Phosphorus QUESTION: Review Which biogeochemical cycle is being affected by damming rivers, and altering the surface and vegetation? a) b) c) d) Carbon Nitrogen Water Phosphorus QUESTION: Review Which rock is formed from magma; for example, granite and basalt? a) b) c) d) Sedimentary Igneous Metamorphic Phosphorus QUESTION: Weighing the Issues Who should pay for cleanup of the nitrate entering the Gulf of Mexico? a) b) c) d) The federal government State governments Fishermen Farmers responsible for fertilizer runoff QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data According to this graph, which ecosystem has the warmest temperature and most rainfall? a) b) c) d) Temperate grassland Boreal forest Savannah Tropical rain forest QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data What would be created as a result of this figure? a) An earthquake-prone area b) A slip-strike fault c) Colliding plates d) New crust