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Transcript
Wildlife Conservation & Management Course Outline July, 2006 Unit 1: Introduction to Wildlife Management Lesson 1: Define Wildlife Management Objectives: 1. Define wildlife management, as it relates to both terrestrial and aquatic species 2. Compare wildlife management to other natural resource disciplines 3. Define terms and explain concepts related to wildlife conservation and management Lesson 2: Importance of Wildlife Management Objectives: 1. Explain the importance of wildlife resources to society and the environment 2. Explain the economic impact of wildlife, and its management, at the local, state, national levels 3. Explain the role of regulated sport hunting, fishing, and trapping in wildlife management Lesson 3: History of Wildlife Management Objectives: 1. Create a timeline of major historical events and trends in wildlife management philosophies and practices in the United States 2. Identify important people and their role in shaping modern wildlife management principles 3. Compare modern strategies and current attitudes of wildlife management to historic views Lesson 4: Who is in charge of wildlife? Objectives: 1. Define ownership of and jurisdiction over wildlife 2. Understand the political process regarding wildlife laws and regulations 3. List and describe the role of state and federal wildlife agencies in wildlife management 4. Compare and contrast the roles of private and governmental organizations involved in the conservation of wildlife resources 5. Identify key conflicts in regarding fish and wildlife management and discuss possible solutions. Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 1 Lesson 5: Career Opportunities in Wildlife Management Objectives: 1. Describe some career opportunities in wildlife management 2. Explain the academic requirements for a career in wildlife management 3. List the major professional societies, and their role, as related to wildlife management 4. Describe the importance of being involved in a professional society Unit 2: Wildlife Management Practices Lesson 1: Habitat Management Objectives: 1. Identify common practices to manipulate habitat characteristics in terrestrial ecosystems 2. Describe the relationship between forest management and habitat management 3. Describe the difference between wild fire and prescribed fire the historical role that fire played in North American ecosystems 4. Describe the role of prescribed fire in habitat management 5. Identify common practices to manipulate habitat characteristics in aquatic ecosystems 6. Describe the effects of each practice on game and non-game species 7. Conduct a field survey to evaluate the effectiveness of prescribed management practices 8. Describe the application of supplemental planting for habitat improvement Lesson 2: Pollution and its Effects on Wildlife and Their Habitats Objectives: 1. Describe pollution and types of pollutants 2. Distinguish between point and non-point pollution 3. Explain how pollutants affect wildlife 4. Identify pollution sources that endanger wildlife 5. Identify strategies for preventing pollution of wildlife habitat 6. Identify strategies for restoring polluted habitats Lesson 3: Habitat Mapping Objectives: 1. Demonstrate the use of a hand held compass and topographic map 2. Demonstrate ability to interpret habitat types from aerial photos 3. Explain the purpose of habitat mapping 4. Describe and demonstrate use of a GPS technology to collect spatial data 5. Explain the application of GIS technology to create a cover type map Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 2 6. Assess habitat characteristics from a cover type map Lesson 4: Wildlife Management Plan Objectives: 1. Identify management practices to improve habitat for selected species 2. Explain the components of a wildlife management plan 3. Create a wildlife management plan for a given area (terrestrial and aquatic) using appropriate practices for improving habitat characteristics and conditions 4. Schedule practices to optimize effectiveness Unit 3: Identification of Wildlife and Fish Species Lesson 1: Game and Non-Game Wildlife Objectives: 1. Describe how animals are named and classified 2. Differentiate between game and non-game species 3. Define the terms: rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct 4. Define the different classifications of game species Lesson 2: Mammals Objectives: 1. Identify common large mammals 2. Define the habitat of each species 3. List major food sources for each species 4. Describe behavioral traits of each species 5. Learn to identify common species from field sign, skulls, and skins Lesson 3: Pelt and Study Skin Preparation Objectives: 1. Identify different wildlife pelts 2. Demonstrate correct procedures of removing the pelt from the animal 3. Explain the procedures of pelt preparation 4. Demonstrate the correct method to prepare a pelt as a museum study specimen (voucher specimen) including label and recording accurate data collection Lesson 4: Birds 1. Identify common birds 2. Define the habitat of each species 3. List major food sources of each species 4. Describe behavioral traits of each species 5. Learn to identify common species from wings and study skins Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 3 Lesson 5: Reptiles & Amphibians Objectives: 1. Identify common reptiles & amphibians 2. Define the habitat of each species 3. List major food sources of each species 4. Describe behavioral traits of each species Lesson 6: Fish Objectives: 1. Identify common freshwater fish 2. Define the habitat of each species 3. List major food sources of each species 4. Describe behavioral traits of each species Lesson 7: Freshwater Invertebrates Objectives: 1. Identify common freshwater invertebrates 2. Identify the importance of freshwater invertebrates as indicators of habitat quality 3. Define the habitat of key species 4. List major food sources of each species 5. Describe behavioral traits of each species Lesson 8: Nonnative Invasive Species 1. Define nonnative invasive species (terrestrial and aquatic plants and animals) 2. Lean to identify common nonnative invasive species of plants and animals 3. Define the habitat of each species 4. List major food sources of each species 5. Describe behavioral traits of each species that contributes to their classification as a nuisance 6. Discuss prevention, non-lethal and lethal control methods for common nuisance wildlife species Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 4 Unit 4: Hunting, Fishing, and Trapping Lesson 1: Hunting Objectives: 1. Explain the role of hunting as a management tool 2. Summarize the role of harvest regulations in managing wildlife populations 3. Compare and contrast the official position of various groups and organizations on regulated hunting as a wildlife management tool 4. Discuss the role of hunting as a recreational pursuit and the economic impact of hunting 5. Discuss the role of the state wildlife agency to provide wildlife based recreational opportunities to the public (including hunting) Lesson 2: Fishing Objectives: 1. Explain the role of fishing (commercial and sport) as a management tool 2. Summarize the reasons for harvest regulations in managing fish population 3. Compare and contrast the official position of various groups and organization on regulated fishing as a management tool 4. Discuss the role of fishing as a recreational pursuit and the economic impact of hunting 5. Discuss the role of the state wildlife agency to provide wildlife based recreational opportunities to the public (including fishing) Lesson 3: Trapping Objectives: 1. Explain the role of trapping as a management tool 2. Summarize the role of trapping regulations in managing wildlife populations 3. Compare and contrast the official position of various groups and organizations on regulated trapping as a wildlife management tool 4. Identify and describe different trapping techniques and equipment 5. Demonstrate correct safety procedures when handling traps and captured animals 6. Describe the relationship between trapping as a recreational/commercial pursuit and animal damage control. 7. Discuss the role of the state wildlife agency to provide wildlife based recreational opportunities to the public (including trapping) Lesson 4: Outdoor Safety Objectives: 1. Explain the causes of hunting and firearm accidents 2. Contrast the accident rates for hunting and firearms with other outdoor recreational activities Wildlife Course Outline 5 Revised July 2006 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Identify ways hunting and firearm accidents can be prevented Complete the state of Georgia Hunter Education Course Explain the causes of boating & water related accidents Identify ways boating & water related accidents can be prevented Complete the state of Georgia Boating Safety Course Learn to identify poisonous plants Learn to identify venomous snakes and insects and how to minimize the chances of being bitten 10. Learn the importance of the role that inclement weather can play in outdoor safety Lesson 5: Conservation Ethics Objectives: 1. List and explain the importance of hunter ethics 2. List and explain the importance of fishing ethics 3. List and explain the importance of ethics when viewing wildlife 4. Discuss laws and private property rights as they relate to hunting Unit 5: Concepts of Wildlife Ecology Lesson 1: Components and Functions of Ecosystems Objectives: 1. Define the terms ‘ecology’ and ‘ecosystem’ 2. List and describe different types of ecosystems in Georgia and the United States 3. List and describe the 5 different ecoregions in Georgia 4. Compare and contrast the components and functions of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems 5. Explain biodiversity as related to wildlife populations 6. Explain the concept of food chains and food webs Lesson 2: Wildlife Habitats Objectives: 1. Define habitat and describe its components 2. Describe the differences and similarities between aquatic and terrestrial habitats 3. Explain plant succession and its relationship to wildlife habitat 4. Define carrying capacity in biological, social, and economic terms and explain their significance to wildlife management 5. Describe concepts of edge, interspersion, and fragmentation Lesson 3: Habitat needs and preferences for key species Objectives: 1. What are habitat preferences Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 6 2. Critical needs in habitat for key species Unit 6: Concepts of Wildlife Biology Lesson 1: Physiology and Anatomy of Wildlife Objectives 1. Identify the distinguishing anatomical features of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians 2. Describe the characteristics of a carnivore, omnivore, and herbivore, and give examples of each for both aquatic and terrestrial species 3. Compare and contrast the differences between ruminant and monogastric mammals; 4. Compare and contrast the differences between cold water and warm water fishes 5. Compare and contrast the differences between fresh water and salt water fishes Lesson 2: Wildlife Behavior Objectives: 1. Explain the concepts of home range and territoriality 2. Explain the concept and role of migration 3. Explain the concept and role of hibernation, estivation, and torpor 4. Describe the mating systems of wildlife 5. Describe the various type of communication used by wildlife 6. Describe the social systems of wildlife 7. Explain biological rhythms such as circannual, diurnal, nocturnal, and crepuscular Lesson 3: Wildlife Nutrition Objectives: 1. Explain and identify the essential nutrient needs of wildlife 2. Differentiate between fat, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals 3. Explain how nutritional needs of wildlife are related to habitat Lesson 4: Food and Feeding Strategies of Wildlife Objectives: 1. Identify different food sources for wildlife 2. Describe feeding strategies for plant-eating animals, and list examples 3. Describe feeding strategies for carnivores, and list examples 4. Describe feeding strategies for omnivores, and list examples Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 7 Unit 7: Wildlife Damage Management Lesson 1: Human and Wildlife Conflicts Objectives: 1. List conflicts between wildlife populations and human activities 2. Define the wildland-urban interface and how it related to human wildlife conflicts 3. Describe methods used to resolve human/wildlife conflicts 4. Recommend appropriate resolutions to human/wildlife conflict using examples and case studies Lesson 2: Wildlife Damage Management Objectives: 1. Identify the roles of the private sector and governmental agencies responsible for wildlife damage management 2. Identify common damage caused by wildlife 3. Describe common methods used to prevent wildlife damage 4. Describe the role of Integrated Pest Management and how it related to resolving human-wildlife conflicts Unit 8: Populations Dynamics Lesson 1: Population Management Objectives: 1. Define the concept of a population 2. Explain the importance of populations versus the importance of individuals in wildlife management 3. Explain the concepts of limiting factors and surplus 4. Explain the relationship between carrying capacity, limiting factors and wildlife populations 5. Distinguish between exponential and logistic population growth 6. Explain techniques used to estimate population abundance Lesson 2: Biotic Potential Objectives: 1. Define biotic potential, productivity, birth rate, and the death rate 2. Describe factors affecting birth rate and death rate 3. Explain calculation of birth and death rates for a population 4. Predict future population size using population parameters 5. Explain the principle of inversity 6. Explain the principles of compensatory and additive mortality Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 8 Lesson 3: Species Interactions 1. Describe the role of predation on populations 2. Explain the difference between predation, competition, mutualism, parasitism, and commensulism Unit 9: Diseases and Parasites of Wildlife Lesson 1: Diseases of Wildlife Objectives: 1. Describe causative agents, clinical signs, and diagnosis of significant diseases found in wildlife 2. Discuss the effects of diseases on wildlife populations 3. Explain the impact of wildlife diseases on human health and domestic animals Lesson 2: Parasites of Wildlife Objectives: 1. Describe clinical signs and diagnosis of common parasites found in wildlife 2. Discuss the effects of parasites on wildlife populations 3. Explain the impact of wildlife parasites on human health and domestic animals Other Related Lessons (To be provided by Ag Education Curriculum Director) Unit 0: Introduction to Agriculture Education Lesson 1: Benefits of FFA and Agricultural Education Objectives: 1. Explain the benefits of enrolling in agricultural education 2. Explain the benefits of being an FFA member 3. Explain the steps in the FFA degree ladder Lesson 2: Supervised Agricultural Experience Projects Objectives: 1. Identify awards programs relative to individual interests 2. Explain why SAEP’s are important 3. Develop plans for a supervised agricultural experience program Wildlife Course Outline Revised July 2006 9