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GARDEN WEEDS 2012 Molly O’Boyle Reston Association, All Gardeners Meeting February 25, 2012 Molly’s Mantra A Weed is a Wildflower Growing in the Wrong Place Types of Garden Weeds ANNUAL •SUMMER •WINTER PERENNIAL BIENNIAL Bermuda/Witch Grass – Cynodon dactylon • • • • Perennial Grass Propagates at the nodes and through flowers Has rhizomes and stolons for roots; potentially grows 6+ inches deep in soil Difficult to eradicate; can form an impenetrable mat • Do NOT toss in compost pile!! Please bag and throw in trash!! Ground Ivy - Glechoma hederacea • • • Perennial with creeping stems that root at the nodes and foliage that emits a mint-like odor when mowed Rhizomes occur and fibrous roots are also produced at the base at each node of the trailing stem. Easily eradicated by hand pulling, make sure to remove all roots Morning Glories - Ipomoea hederacea • • • • • Summer annual, twining or climbing vine with heart-shaped leaves Can climb up to 10’ tall Taproot VERY easily eradicated early – identify the plant, easily removed when just a few cotyledons/leaves are present Spread by seeds once the flower pod has dried; will easily pop off the vine once they are formed Bulbous Buttercup – Ranunculus bulbosus • Low-growing perennial with divided leaves and distinctive yellow flowers • Flowers are erect, from 8 to 24 inches in height • The base of the plant is thickened into a structure known as a corm, which resembles a bulb. Plantain - Plantago major • • • • Perennial weed Taproot with fibrous roots Cotyledons are spatula-shaped and joined at the base Flowers on a narrow stalk Hairy Bittercress - Cardamine hirsuta • Most often a summer annual but occasionally a winter annual weed • Silique, a narrow capsule with many seeds, explosively spread the seed as much as 10 feet from the parent plant • Has a taproot Common Chickweed - Stellaria media • Prostrate winter annual • Usually running prostrate along the ground, rooting at the nodes, with the upper portion erect or ascending and freely branching • Flowers are small • Shallow, fibrous root system • Easily removed Pokeweed - Phytolacca americana • • • • Large perennial weed, 3-10’ tall Reddish-purple branched stems and dark purple to black berries-poisonous Large, white tap root up to 6 inches in diameter – hand pull when young Spread by wildlife White Clover - Trifolium repens • • • • Perennial with trifoliate leaves Stems that root at the nodes White flowers on short stems Difficult to fully eradicate Queen’s Anne Lace/Wild Carrot Daucus carota • • • • Biennial weed; closely resembles a typical garden carrot during the first year of growth. During the second year of growth, the plants produce tall stalks with white, flat-topped flowers. Many white flowers occur in a cluster where the stalks of each flower (pedicels) all arise from a common point (an umbel). However, this gives the appearance of a single, flattopped white flower. Slightly thickened taproot. Palmer Amaranth - Amaranthus palmeri • An erect summer annual that may reach 6 1/2 feet in height • Taproot that is often, but not always, reddish in color • Single seeded utricle that reaches 2 mm in length and are wrinkled when dry. Each utricle splits open in the middle to expose a single glossy black to dark brown seed Henbit- Lamium amplexicaule • • • • Winter annual or sometimes biennial broadleaf plant Square stems and pink-purple flowers, reaching 16 inches in height Mint Family Spreads only by seed Dandelion, Taraxacum officinale • Perennial from a basal rosette with yellow flowers and a 'puff-ball' seedhead • Deep Taproot up to ½ “ in diameter • Eradicate early, before seedhead forms • Propagated by seed Korean Garden Hoe – Ho Mi Grand Mart, Route 7 Vegetable Companion Plants Plant Basil Bush Beans Pole Beans Beets Cabbage Family Bad Companions Good Companions Pepper, Tomato, Marigold Beets, Cabbage, Carrots, Celery, Corn, Cucumbers, Eggplant, Lettuce, Onion Pea, Radish, Strawberry, Savory, Tansy, Marigold Carrots, Corn Cucumber, Eggplant, Lettuce, Pea, Radish, Savory, Beets, Onion Tansy Bush Beans, Cabbage, Onion, Sage Bush Beans, Beets, Celery, Onions, Tomato, All Strong Herbs, Strawberry Marigold, Nasturtium Carrots Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Lettuce, Onion, Peas, Radish, Tomato, Sage Dill Celery Corn Parsley Bush Beans, Cabbage, Onion, Spinach, Tomato Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Cucumber, Melons, Peas, Squash Tomato Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Corn, Lettuce, Onions, Peas, Radish, No Strong Herbs Marigold, Nasturtium, Savory Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Spinach, Dill Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Carrots, Cucumbers, Onion, Radish, Strawberries Corn, Nasturtium, Radish Beets, Cabbage, Carrots, Celery, Cucumber, Lettuce, Pepper, Squash, Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Peas Strawberries, Tomato, Savory Tomato Peas Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Carrots, Corn Cucumber, Radish, Turnips Pepper Onion Bush Beans, Pole Beans, Carrots, Cucumber, Lettuce, Melons, Peas, Hyssop Squash Celery, Eggplant, Cauliflower Corn, Onion, Radish Bush Beans, Lettuce, Onion, Spinach Cabbage Cabbage, Carrots, Celery, Onion, Mint Corn, Fennel Cucumbers Eggplant Lettuce Melons Onion Radish Spinach Squash Strawberry Tomato Onion Local Plant Resource: www.fairfaxmastergardeners.org ****** Resource for presentation: Virginia Tech Weed ID Site http://www.ppws.vt.edu/weedindex.htm ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Enj oy the New Growing Season!! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~