Download Amoxicillin sodium salt PRODUCT DATA SHEET - TOKU-E

Amoxicillin sodium salt
PRODUCT DATA SHEET
issue date 06/17/2017
Product Name:
Amoxicillin sodium salt
Product Number:
A059
CAS Number:
34642-77-8
Molecular Formula:
C16H18N3NaO5S
Molecular Weight:
387.39
Form:
Powder
Appearance:
White or almost white crystalline powder
Source:
Semi-synthetic
Water Content (Karl
Fisher):
≤3.0%
pH:
8.0-10.0
Optical Rotation:
+240° to +290°
Storage Conditions:
2­8°C
Description:
Amoxicillin is an extended spectrum β­lactam antibiotic and is similar in
structure to ampicillin. Resistance to amoxicillin can be attributed to β­
lactamase enzymes secreted by a resistant cell.
TOKU-E offers three forms of amoxicillin: amoxicillin (A004), amoxicillin
sodium salt (A059), and amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (A054). In aqueous
solution, amoxicillin sodium is freely soluble (50 mg/mL) while amoxicillin is
sparingly soluble (3.4 mg/mL). Both forms have similar potencies and are
suitable for microbiology use; however, amoxicillin sodium is easier to work
with in aqueous solution. Clavulanate potassium (clavulanic acid) is a β­
lactamase inhibitor which can irreversibly inactivate β­lactamase enzymes of
β­lactam resistant microbes preventing them from breaking down β­lactam
antibiotics. Amoxicillin can be combined with clavulanate potassium for
greater efficacy against β­lactam resistant strains.
Mechanism of Action:
Like all β­lactams, amoxicillin targets PBP’s (penicillin binding proteins)
involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes
which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues.
Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely
compromised ultimately leading to the death of the cell.
Spectrum:
Amoxicillin targets a wide range of β­lactamase negative gram positive and
gram negative bacteria including E. coli and a number of Streptococcus and
Staphylococcus species. Because peptidoglycan is synthesized in gram
positive and gram negative bacteria, amoxicillin can be used against a wide
variety of microbes.
Microbiology Applications Amoxicillin is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial
susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against gram positive and
gram negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to
recommend antibiotic treatment options for infected patients. Representative
MIC values include:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae 0.3 µg/mL ­ 32 µg/mL
Haemophilus influenzae 0.125 µg/mL － >64 µg/mL
For a complete list of amoxicillin MIC values, click here.
References:
Guzmán, Flavio, MD. "Beta Lactams Antibiotics (penicillins and
Cephalosporins) Mechanism of Action.” Medical Pharmacology.
Pharmacology Corner, 29 Nov. 2008. Web. 21 Aug. 2012.
Pitout JD, Sanders CC, Sanders WE Jr. Antimicrobial resistance with focus
on beta-lactam resistance in gram-negative bacilli. Am J Med 1997; 103:51.
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