Download Document 1: The Marshall Plan Payments

 Document 1: The Marshall Plan Payments This document shows the different payments ($) the United States made to different countries after World War II to help rebuild their countries Document 2: “The Iron Curtain” Author: Unknown The political cartoon below shows the author’s visual of the “Iron Curtain” from Winston Churchill. The Iron Curtain was not a real curtain, but the author is showing their opinion of the curtain and the division of Europe during the Cold War. Document 3: Containment Policy The document explains the start and purpose of the the Containment Policy in the United States at the start of the Cold War “The Containment Policy Digital History ID 3403 An article in the July 1947 issue of ​
Foreign Affairs​
magazine, signed X, proposed that the West adopt a policy of "containment" toward the Soviet Union. The article's author, George Kennan, who set up the U.S. embassy in Moscow in 1943, called on the United States to take steps to prevent Soviet expansion. He was convinced that if the Soviet Union failed to expand, its social system would eventually break down. The Containment Policy would adopt two approaches. One approach was military; the other was economic. In 1947, U.S. Secretary of State George C. Marshall proposed a program to funnel American economic aid to Europe. Faced with a rapid growth in the size of Communist parties, especially in France and Italy, the U.S. proposed a program of direct economic aid.” Document 4: The Arms Race During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union Competed to have the most atomic and nuclear weapons. The graph below shows the amount of weapons the United States and Soviet Union had during the 1950s­the 2010s Document 5: Building a Bomb Shelter Many Americans were afraid of a nuclear attack from the Soviet Union during the Cold War. To protect their families from an explosion, families built bomb shelters under their homes or in their backyards. Document 6: Television Sales The television was not new in the 1950s but it was much easier to have and to buy in the 1950s. The graph shows the sales of Televisions in the United States from 1939­1959. Document 7: The Pledge of Allegiance The Pledge of Allegiance, which we say every morning, has been changed during America’s history. It was changed once during the Cold War to also show America’s dislike of Communism. ____________________________________________________________ “The Pledge of Allegiance was written in August 1892 by the socialist minister Francis Bellamy (1855­1931). It was originally published in ​
The Youth's Companion​
on September 8, 1892. Bellamy had hoped that the pledge would be used by citizens in any country. In its original form it read: "I pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all." In 1923, the words, "the Flag of the United States of America" were added. At this time it read: "I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all." In 1954, in response to the Communist threat of the times, President Eisenhower encouraged Congress to add the words "under God," creating the 31­word pledge we say today. Bellamy's daughter objected to this alteration. ​
Today it reads: "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all."