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Transcript
ο· ο· ο· ο· Mechanical energy, thermal energy and radiant energy are transformed into in power plants Electrical Power is Power is expressed in the unit (W). Electrical energy is measured in (kWh). Electrical energy if often measured in large quantities, so we tend not to measure in Joules. Electrical energy generated in Power Plants is usually measured in (MWh) π·= βπ¬ βπ HOMEWORK: Read Page 504-507 and Complete #2,3 on Page 507 ο· Electric Potential is the ο· . Electric potential energy is the energy required to overcome the Electrical Potential Difference, V is the ο· ο· ο· ο· When electrons leave a source, they have an increased electric potential. This is a . When electrons leave any load, they have a decreased electric potential. This is a Voltmeters are devices that are used to measure voltage (Circuit Symbol: Voltmeters must be connected in Potential π½= βπ¬ πΈ . ) Difference Change in Potential Energy Amount of Charge V Volts (V) οE Joules (J) Q Coulombs (C) I Q οt Amperes (A) Coulombs (C) seconds (s) HOMEWORK: Read Page 510-513 and Complete #2,3,6 on Page 513 ο· ο· ο· ο· ο· ο· Direct current (DC) - the flow The reason electrons can move freely in a circuit is because the outer electrons in the atom of a metal are not tightly held together When current passes through your body, it can affect the current that allows your nervous system to function At 0.0008 A, . At 0.051 A, . At 0.50 A, Ammeter are device used to measure current (Circuit Symbol: Ammeters must be connected in π°= πΈ βπ HOMEWORK: Read Page 516-518 and Complete #2,3 on Page 518 ); Electric Current Amount of Charge Time ANALOGY FOR POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE AND CURRENT ο· Kirchhoffβs Voltage Law (KVL) β In any complete path in an electric circuit, the total electric potential increase at the source(s) is equal to the total electric potential decreases throughout the rest of the circuit. π½ππππππ = π½π + π½π + π½π + β― π½ππππππππ = π½π = π½π = π½π = β― ο· Kirchhoffβs Current Law (KVL) β In a closed circuit, the amount of current entering a junction is equal to the amount of current exiting a junction. π°ππππππ = π°π = π°π = π°π = β― π°ππππππππ = π°π + π°π + π°π + β― HOMEWORK: Read Page 519-522 and Complete #1,2 on Page 522 ο· ο· Electrical Resistance,R is the A resistor is an electrical device that has a specific resistance value. (Circuit Symbol: ο· Ohmβs Law: The voltage in a conductor is proportional to the current (if temperature remains the same) . ) π½ = π°πΉ ο· ο· Ohmmeter are devices used to measure electrical resistance. (Circuit Symbol: Ohmmeters must be connected in . ) HOMEWORK: Read Pages 523-526 and Complete #1-6 on Page 526 ο· Equivalent resistance is the total resistance of a group of resistors in a circuit. πΉππππππ = πΉπ + πΉπ + πΉπ + β― π πΉππππππππ = π π π + + +β― πΉπ πΉπ πΉπ HOMEWORK: Read Pages 527-530 and Complete #1,2,5 a-d on Page 530 ο· Circuits can be analyzed using a combination of the formulas for Kirchoffβs Laws, Ohmβs Laws and Equivalent Resistance HOMEWORK: Read Pages 531-535 and Complete #1b, 2-4 on Page 535 COMMON ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS: Battery with Battery with one cell two cells Variable DC Connecting Power Supply Wire Battery with three cells Open Switch Closed Switch Resistor Motor Light Bulb/Lamp Fuse Voltmeter ELECTRICAL QUANTITIES SUMMARIZED: Symbol Name Units Meter and its Circuit (Symbol) Diagram Symbol In Series: In Parallel: V Voltage Volts (V) Voltmeter VT = VT = I Current Ampere (A) Ammeter IT = IT = R Resistance Ohms (Ξ©) Resistance RT = RT = Example Problems for 11.6, 11.8 and 11.9 Apply Kirchhoffβs Laws and Ohmβs Law and Equivalent Resistance to fill in the missing information in the circuits. I1 = 2 A IT = I1 = ____ ____ V2 = ______ R2 = ____ V3 = ____ V4 = ____ I4 = 1.5 A I1 = ____ I2 = 1 A I3 = _____ V3 = _____ I1 = IT = _____ VT = _____ RT = _____ R1 = _____ V1 = 9 V V2 = _____ I2 = _____ I3 = _____ V3 = 7 V 3 = ______ R4 = ____