Download UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR ECOMUNDO UNIT 2

UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR ECOMUNDO
UNIT 2 WORKSHOP I TERM
SUBJECT: Science
GRADE: 10th
SECTION: A-B-C-D
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2014-2015
TEACHER: Lic. Alexis Contreras FA.
Score
NAME: ………………………………………………… DATE: …….………………………………………………..
air
lungs
carbon dioxide
hiccup
mouth
oxygen
trachea
yawn
diaphragm
sneeze
inhale
respiratory
bronchi
water vapor
blood
exhale
cough
pharynx
nose
1. Complete the text with the correct word from the box.
All animals need ________________ to make energy from food. We get this oxygen from
the _____________ that we breathe. In order to get the oxygen into the blood where it
can be transported to the rest of the body, the air travels through a system of organs
called the _______________ system.
When you ________________, air enters the body through the _______________ or the
____________. From there it passes through the ______________, which forces air into
the _______________ and food into the esophagus. The air travels down the trachea into
two branching tubes called ________________ and then on into the ________________.
In the lungs oxygen from the air enters the _______________. At the same time, the
waste gas ____________________ leaves the blood and then leaves the body when you
___________________. Some __________________ also leaves the body when you
exhale, which is why mirrors get foggy when you breathe on them. The ______________
is the muscle that controls the lungs.
It is important to keep the respiratory system clear so oxygen can keep flowing into your
body. If something gets in your nose and irritates it, you ___________________. If
something gets in your trachea or bronchi and irritates it, you _________________. If
something irritates your diaphragm, you _________________. Finally, if the brain thinks
you are not getting enough oxygen, then it forces you to _________________.
2. Complete the crossword with the correct words.
1
2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Across
Down
2. One of two places where air enters your
body.
1. This prevents food from going down your
lungs.
4. When we exhale we breathe this plus carbon
dioxide.
3. All animals need this gas to make energy
from food.
7. You do this when something irritates your
nose.
5. Scientific name for the windpipe.
8. You do this when you don't get enough
oxygen to your blood.
11. A gas that you breathe out. It is a waste gas.
14. The place where oxygen enters the blood.
16. You do this when something irritates your
diaphragm.
17. Breathe out.
19. Large muscle that controls the lungs.
6. Inhale and exhale.
9. Common name for the trachea.
10. Fish have these instead of lungs.
11. You do this when something irritates your
trachea or bronchi.
12. Two tubes that connect the trachea to the
lungs.
13. Breathe in.
15. One of two places where air enters your
body.
18. What we breathe.
stomach
rectum
waste
system
acid
chewed
liver
saliva
swallow
absorbed
food
mouth
large intestine
tongue
liquids
energy
small intestine
digestion
pharynx
esophagus
3. Complete the text with the correct word from the box.
All animals need to eat ______________ to get ____________ to live. But in order to use
this food, they have to break it down in a process called __________________. And so, all
animals have a group of connected organs called the digestive __________________.
In humans, the process of digestion begins in the _____________ where food is
________________ into small pieces by the teeth. The _______________ helps by moving
these pieces around. These pieces are covered by ________________, or spit. The saliva
makes the food slippery so that it is easier to _______________. It also helps to break
down the food.
Once the food is swallowed, it passes through the _______________, which is like a gate
that sends food into the ______________ and air into the lungs. The food travels down
the esophagus and into the ______________. Once in the stomach the food is mixed with
_____________ and crushed some more.
After spending some time in the stomach, the food is sent into the
________________________ where nutrients are ______________. The _____________
helps by producing some digestive juices called bile. Next, the remaining food goes into
the _________________________ where the _______________ are absorbed. The
remaining food is called _________________ and it is pushed into the ________________
where it waits before leaving the body.
Read the text below and answer the questions.
The excretory system
Your body is approximately 60% water. Water is part of all the
cells in your body and the plasma in your blood. Water helps your cells
receive the nutrients they need, and it helps take away the wastes.
All living things produce wastes. It is the job of the excretory system
to regulate the amount of water that you have in your body and to help
remove wastes from your system. If wastes build up in your blood and in
your cells, your body becomes toxic, which can be deadly.
Several different organs are involved in your excretory system. Even
your skin participates in the process! You have sweat glands that can
release water onto the surface of your skin to keep you from getting
overheated. You might fi nd it inconvenient to sweat in certain situations,
but people who physically cannot sweat are in constant danger of dying
from heat stroke, so be glad if you can sweat!
Your liver is an important part of the process as well. Whenever
your body recycles parts of cells that are damaged or old, they become
part of the wastes that need to be removed. This recycling puts a lot
of nitrogen into your blood. Your liver fi lters the nitrogen out of your
blood, changing it into urea. Without your liver, you could die of nitrogen
poisoning.
Just inside your lower back are two large bean-shaped organs
called your kidneys. Their main job is to fi lter out the urea in your
blood. The kidneys have a sophisticated system of pumps and tubes.
Most of the liquid is returned to the blood, where it continues on its way
through the circulatory system. Your kidneys have sensors that tell it
how much water to release. If you’ve been drinking a lot of water, your
blood will have more water in it. Your kidneys can tell. They send only
the right amount of water back into the blood. The small portion of liquid
that remains behind becomes urine. It drains through tiny tubes called
ureters into a muscular bag called the bladder. Your body knows when
your bladder is full and needs to be emptied. Your brain receives a
signal to let you know that it’s time to visit the bathroom.
Answer the following questions based on the reading
passage. Don’t forget to go back to the passage
whenever necessary to fi nd or confi rm your answers.
1) In your own words, explain why the excretory system is important to your body?
2) Why is it dangerous to be unable to sweat?
3) What substance does the liver change into urea?
4) Which organs turn liquid into urine?
5) What happens if waste builds up in our body?