Download Critical Thinking - Leon County Schools

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Class
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Skills Worksheet
Critical Thinking
ANALOGIES
In the space provided, write the letter of the pair of terms or phrases that best
complete the analogy shown. An analogy is a relationship between two pairs of
words or phrases written as a:b::c:d. The symbol : is read is to, and the symbol :: is
read as.
______ 1. magma : ocean
lithosphere ::
a. dirt : mud
b. water : ice
c. mineral : rock
d. bark : tree
______ 5. convection : mantle
material ::
a. cloud : rain
b. boiling : water
c. temperature : heat
d. weigh : scale
______ 2. lithosphere : tectonic
plates ::
a. dish : china
b. slice : pie
c. sky : stars
d. mosaic : tiles
______ 6. convergent : divergent ::
a. hot : cold
b. running : walking
c. closing : opening
d. separating : meeting
______ 7. rifting : accretion ::
a. losing : gaining
b. subtracting : deducting
c. walking : running
d. driving : traveling
______ 3. continents : tectonic
plates ::
a. ship : tugboat
b. airplane : sky
c. passengers : bus
d. submarine : ocean
______ 8. Panthalassa : Pangaea ::
a. Lake Michigan :
North America
b. Atlantic : Virginia
c. Asia : Europe
d. Pacific : Hawaii
______ 4. earthquake : plate
boundary ::
a. landslide : mountain
b. flood : desert
c. snow : blizzard
d. cloud : rain
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
3
Plate Tectonics
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Critical Thinking continued
INTERPRETING OBSERVATIONS
Read the following passage and answer the questions below.
In the Pacific Ocean lies a boundary between two tectonic plates:
the fast-moving Pacific Plate and the slower-moving Philippine
Plate. The Mariana Trench is located at the boundary of the two
plates. The Mariana Trench is the deepest point in the ocean, with
a depth of nearly 11,000 m below the surface. The Mariana Trench
is located near the Mariana Islands, a group of 15 islands.
9. What kind of plate boundary do you think the passage describes? Explain
your answer.
10. Describe the process that is occurring at the boundary. Explain how you
know.
11. What part do you think slab pull plays in the process at this boundary?
Explain.
12. What kind of landform is the Mariana Islands? Why do you think so?
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
4
Plate Tectonics
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Critical Thinking continued
AGREE OR DISAGREE
Agree or disagree with the following statements, and support your answers.
13. Wegener had sufficient evidence to support his hypothesis of continental drift
even without evidence of sea-floor spreading.
14. Plate boundaries are almost always clearly identifiable.
15. North America has a location that makes it free for the most part from earthquakes and volcanoes.
16. Earth’s climate will probably undergo major changes in the next 150 million
years.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
5
Plate Tectonics
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Critical Thinking continued
REFINING CONCEPTS
The statements below challenge you to refine your understanding of concepts covered in the chapter. Think carefully, and answer the questions that follow.
17. An earthquake with a magnitude of at least 7.7 occurred in San Francisco
along the San Andreas Fault in 1906. Afterwards, observers noticed that
roads, fences, and plants that spanned the fault had moved. The objects on
one side of the fault had moved in a different direction from those on the
other side, or been offset. One road had been offset 21 feet. What was the
cause of the quake? Which direction do you think the ground west of the fault
moved? Explain.
18. Japan experiences about 1,500 earthquakes per year. Explain why, based on
its geographical formation and location.
19. Would you expect to find a volcano erupting on the San Andreas Fault?
Explain why or why not.
20. Suppose you wanted to prove that a particular terrane had been scraped onto
the North American plate. What evidence would you search for?
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Earth Science
6
Plate Tectonics