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Anatomy AND Physiology! 1. From what gland does the Pituitary gland receive signals from? a. b. c. d. Hippocampus Hypothalamus Both a and b None of the above 2. Melatonin responds to the changes in which of the following? a. b. c. d. Temperature, Seasonal Seasonal, Daylight Daylight, temperature None of the above 3. Which of the following is a correct statement pertaining to feedback mechanisms? a. Response: a signal sent from CNS b. Response: signal sent to CNS c. Stimulus: signal sent from CNS 4. What is the main difference between the endocrine and exocrine system? 5. What are peptide hormones made up of? a. b. c. d. Lipids Glucose Amino acids DNA 5. Where is the pituitary gland located? a. b. c. d. Top of the brain Base of the brain Below the hypothalamus Both b and c 6. Which gland increases metabolism and maintains the level of calcium in the blood? a. b. c. d. Thyroid Thymus Parathyroid Adrenal SHORT ANSWER: 7. What are hormones? 8. How do hormones move throughout the body? 9. Name the eight glands of the endocrine system. 10. What is the negative-feedback mechanism of the body? 11. Why is the hypothalamus considered the control center of the endocrine system? 12. What are the three different types of neurons? 13. Label the Oligodendrocytes. 14. List two differences between Neuroglia vs. Neurons. 15. What are the two support cells of the PNS? 16. Which best defines the myelin sheath? a. b. c. d. A fiber which carries impulses away from the cell body A cell that produces a fat layer A lipid layer around the axon A coating around the cerebellum 17. Label the neuron: 18. Label the diagram: 19. label at least 10 structures on the diagram: 20. Matching. One gland may have more than one function. Hypothalamus _______ 21. produces male sex characteristics 22. decreases blood sugar level 23. increases heart and breathing rate, Pituitary _________ raises blood pressure 24. produces female sex characteristics 25. increases blood sugar level 26. regulates the level of calcium and Thyroid _________ phosphorus 27. increases rate of metabolism 28. maintains the level of calcium and Thymus _________ phosphorus in the blood 29. development of immune system Adrenals _________ 30. stimulates skeletal growth 31. regulates the activities of other glands Pancreas _________ 32. stimulates development of male and female sex organs Ovaries _________ Testes _________ Parathyroids Label the diagram above. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.