Download This is the A) Pacific plate B) North American plate C) Quinn Plate D

X This is the A) Pacific plate B) North American plate C) Quinn Plate D) Nazca plate X This is the A)  Pacific plate B) Eurasian plate C) Cocos Plate D) Nazca plate E) African Plate F) South American Plate G) AntarcAc Plate X This is the A)  Pacific plate B) Eurasian plate C) Cocos Plate D) Nazca plate E) African Plate F) South American Plate G) AntarcAc Plate X This is the A)  Pacific plate B) Eurasian plate C) Cocos Plate D) Nazca plate E) African Plate F) South American Plate G) AntarcAc Plate X This is the A)  Pacific plate B) Eurasian plate C) Australian plate D) Nazca plate E) African Plate F) South American Plate G) AntarcAc Plate X This is the A)  Pacific plate B) Cocos C) Australian plate D) Nazca plate E) African Plate F) South American Plate G) AntarcAc Plate •  Earthquakes are found at the boundaries between plates because •  A) there are faults there •  B) The plates are fractured there •  C) the plates are moving past each other on opposite sides of the plate •  D All of the above •  What is the best explanaAon for why glacial moraines were found in southern Africa? •  A) The rotaAon of the earth moves ice towards the equator •  B) Past climates were much colder at the equator. •  C) Southern Africa used to be closer to the pole. •  What was NOT one of the main types of data that supported the hypothesis of conAnental driO a) Fit of the conAnents’ shape b)  The age of rocks on each conAnent c) LocaAons of past glaciaAons d)  DistribuAon of equatorial climaAc belts e)  The strength of oceanic crust compared to conAnental crust The dark shaded areas on the map on the east side of the Marianas and Iwo Jima, and the Philippines indicate what? A)  Trenches where the water is very deep B)  Places where the water is very shallow C)  LocaAons of marine magneAc anomalies D)  None of the above QuesAon 2 •  Why are the locaAons where the Lystrasaurus fossils are found important for plate tectonics? A) they are used to date the rocks B) they jusAfy the fact that humans and dinosaurs were not alive at the same Ame C) they are found on different conAnents so the places they are found had to be close to each other at some Ame in the past D) they are found on different conAnents so the Lystrasaurus must have been able to swim •  What kind of measurements did Harry Hess make with his ship in World War II? •  A) Radar measurements of the ocean surface •  B) Sonar measurements of the depth of the sea floor •  C) Gravity measurements of the locaAon of underwater volcanoes •  D) All of the above •  . mid‐atlanAc ridge coast of Africa Average 0km 1000km 2000km 3000km How deep on average is the oceanic crust at the coast of Africa A) 250 m B) 2.5 km C) 5.5 km mid‐atlanAc ridge coast of Africa Average 0km 1000km 2000km 3000km How old is the oceanic crust at a distance of 3000 km from the mid‐atlanAc ridge: A) 50 million years B) 100 million years C) 150 million years B
A
•  Which lava flow is older? •  A or B QuesAon 3 •  How is the age of the ocean crust related to the distance from the mid‐AtlanAc ridge? –  A) the age is approximately constant. –  B) the age gets younger as distance from the ridge increases –  C) the age gets older as the distance from the ridge increases QuesAon 4 •  How is the depth of the ocean floor related to the locaAon of the mid‐AtlanAc ridge? –  A) the depth is approximately constant –  B) the depth gets shallower as the distance from the ridge increases –  C) the depth gets deeper as the distance from the ridge increases. Today your compass needle and the magneAte crystals in a recent lava flow in Hawaii would point towards A) the orange side B) the blue side • 
• 
• 
Before you take the sample of rock back to the lab to analyze it, you need to indicate on the rock A) which way it was oriented with respect to the current day north pole B) the direcAon towards the sun when the sample was taken hcp://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/834/ magnetometer mid atlanAc ridge www.history.navy.mil/ danfs/w9/williamsburg.htm
MagneAc anomalies tell the age of the crust distance crust has moved away from ridge
= velocity of plate motion
age of crust
1000m 100cm
400km ⋅
⋅
7
km
m = 4 × 10 cm
10 6 yr
1 × 10 7 yr
10myr ⋅
myr
cm
=4
yr
And the velocity of the tectonic plate mo2on 41. W.J. Kious and R.I. Tilling, This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996. (
on‐line ediAon available.) hcp://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/dynamic.html C D •  What is the age of the crust at the mid‐ocean ridge where the end of the arrow D is poinAng? •  A) 0 Million years old B) 33 Million years old •  C) 56 Million years old D) 127 Million years old •  E) 180 Million years old hcp://www.es.usyd.edu.au/geology/people/staff/dietmar/Agegrid/digit_isochrons.html C D •  What is the age of the crust at the mid‐ocean ridge where the end of the arrow at C is poinAng? •  A) 0 Million years old B) 33 Million years old •  C) 56 Million years old D) 127 Million years old •  E) 180 Million years old hcp://www.es.usyd.edu.au/geology/people/staff/dietmar/Agegrid/digit_isochrons.html C D •  How long ago was the crust that is currently at point D at the posiAon of point C? •  A) 127 million years ago – 33 mya = 94 mya •  B) 127 mya •  C) 127 mya – 56 mya = 71 mya hcp://www.es.usyd.edu.au/geology/people/staff/dietmar/Agegrid/digit_isochrons.html C D •  If the distance between point C and D is about 6000 km, then the speed the Pacific plate is moving away from the ridge is about: A)
127my − 33my 1year 1km 1m
⋅ 6
⋅
⋅
6000km
10 my 10 3 m cm
B)
127my − 56my 1year 1km 1m
⋅ 6
⋅
⋅
6000km
10 my 10 2 m cm
6000km
10 6 my 10 3 m cm
6000km
10 6 my 10 3 m cm
C)
⋅
⋅
⋅
D)
⋅
⋅
⋅
127my − 33my 1year 1km 1m
127my − 56my 1year 1km 1m
If you were sailing in the middle of the Pacific Ocean 1.5 million years ago, and you followed the direcAon your compass pointed, you would eventually end up in A) Alaska B) AntarcAca •  The name of the crystals that orient themselves in the direcAon of the magneAc field is: •  A) magma •  B) plagioclase •  C) basalt •  D) magneAte • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
MagneAte Fe3O4 is a(n): A) atom B) element C) mineral D) rock If the age of the lava on the big island of
Hawaii is 1 week and the age of the
lava on Oahu is 3 Million years old, and
the distance between them is 150 km,
how fast is the tectonic plate moving?
A)  it’s not moving
B)  150 km/3 million years
C)  3 million years/ 150 km
D)  150 km/ 1 week
Fig. 2-34, p.31
•  The plate boundary in Iceland shown here is an example of a –  A) a mid‐ocean ridge, divergent boundary that has erupted enough material so that it is high enough to be above sea level –  B) mid‐ocean ridge, convergent boundary –  C) conAnental riO, transform boundary with strike slip moAon and volcanic acAvity divergent
convergent
convergent
transform
A
C B The oldest sea floor is at A) B) C) hcp://www.es.usyd.edu.au/geology/people/staff/dietmar/Agegrid/digit_isochrons.html X This plate marked with X is called the A) Nazca plate B) Cocos plate C) Philippines plate X This plate marked with X is called the A) Nazca plate B) Cocos plate C) Philippines plate •  Why are earthquakes always less than 35 km deep at mid‐ocean ridges? A)  they are far from seismometers on land so the depth of the earthquake is not determined very accurately B)  The crust is sAll hot and has not had Ame to cool so it is very thin, and earthquakes can only occur in the thin bricle part C)  Volcanoes always produce shallow earthquakes D)  Earthquakes are less than 35 km deep everywhere •  The plate boundary in Japan shown above is an example of a – 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
A) mid‐ocean ridge, divergent boundary B) conAnental riO, divergent boundary C) oceanic fracture zone, transform boundary D) conAnental strike‐slip fault, transform boundary E) subducAon zone, convergent boundary F) conAnent‐conAnent collision, convergent boundary Plate A This relaAve direcAon of plate moAons at this plate boundary is A) Convergent B) Divergent C) Transform plate boundary Plate B The type of earthquake faulAng you would expect is A)  thrust B)  normal C)  reverse Plate A plate boundary Plate B The type of boundary shown here is A)  ocean‐conAnent subducAon zone B)  ocean‐ocean subducAon zone Plate A C)  conAnent‐conAnent collision D)  conAnental riO E)  mid ocean ridge F)  oceanic “fracture zone” G)  conAnental strike slip fault plate boundary Plate B The type of boundary shown here is A)  ocean‐conAnent subducAon zone B)  ocean‐ocean subducAon zone C)  conAnent‐conAnent collision D)  conAnental riO E)  mid ocean ridge F)  oceanic “fracture zone” G)  conAnental strike slip fault Plate A plate boundary Plate B Plate A Is volcanism expected at this type of plate boundary A)  yes B)  no Con$nental Crust plate boundary Plate B The type of crust on each side of the boundary is A)  oceanic ‐ oceanic B)  oceanic – conAnental C)  conAnental – conAnental plate boundary Plate A Plate B Plate A For subducAon zones, which is the overriding plate and which is the subducAng plate A) Plate A overriding and Plate B subducAng B) Plate B overriding and Plate A subducAng plate boundary Plate B Which way is the plate
moving relative to the
fixed deep source region
for the volcanoes?
A
B
Fig. 2-34, p.31
3Myr
active
If the age of the lava on the big island of
Hawaii is 1 week and the age of the
lava on Oahu is 3 Million years old, and
the distance between them is 339 km,
how fast is the tectonic plate moving
relative to the hotspot source in cm/yr?
A)  it’s not moving
B) 
C)
339km
113km
=
3million years million year
113km
1000m 100cm
=
⋅
⋅
1000000 year 1km
1m
11.3cm
=
yr
339km
113km
=
3million years million year
113km
1000m 1m
=
⋅
⋅
1000000 year 1km 100cm
11.3cm
=
yr
Fig. 2-34, p.31
Age of ocean
crust in millions
of years
How old is the oceanic crust at the
center of the spreading ridge
here?
A)  0 million years
2
B)  4 million years
4
C)  6 million years
6
D)  10 million years
8
10
Age of ocean
crust in millions
of years
How old is the oceanic crust here at
the pale blue magnetic
anomaly?
A)  0 million years
2
B)  4 million years
4
C)  6 million years
6
D)  10 million years
8
10
It is 180 km from here to here.
What is the velocity of the Juan de Fuca plate
relative to location of the mid-ocean
ridge?
A) 
180km
30km
=
6 million years 1million years
30km
1000m 1000m
=
⋅
⋅
1000000 years 1km
1km
30cm
=
yr
Age of ocean
crust in millions
of years
2
4
6
8
10
B)
180km
30km
=
6 million years 1million years
30km
1000m 100cm
=
⋅
⋅
1000000 years 1km
1m
3cm
=
yr