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Standard USI.7 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the challenges faced by the new nation by: a) identifying the weaknesses of the government established by the Articles of Confederation; b) describing the historical developments of the Constitution of the United States; c) describing the major accomplishments of the first five presidents of the United States. Essential Skills • Identify and interpret primary and secondary source documents to increase understanding of events and life in United States history. (USI.1a) Interpret ideas and events from different historical perspectives. (USI.1d) Analyze and interpret maps to explain historical events. (USI.1f) Sequence events in United States history. (USI.1c) Interpret excerpts from notable documents. (USI.1h) • • • • “Building America” This activity can be used to teach Standard USI.7. The standard correlates to The United States, Unit 5. Resources • • • • Project an interactive timeline titled “Confederation to Constitution” Project a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. Project a chart titled “Accomplishments of the First Five Presidents” Show the First Presidents timeline on pages VA10 and VA11 of the textbook. Activity Explain to students that as leaders of the young nation, the Founding Fathers struggled to find the right combination of power for the country’s laws and the documents that guided the country. Review the following vocabulary terms: Articles of Confederation, legislature, federal system, Supreme Court, ratify, bill of rights, and amendment. Project an interactive timeline titled “Confederation to Constitution” and complete as a class. Ask students to correctly position the following items on the timeline: Constitutional Convention, Great Compromise, Ratification, and Bill of Rights. Remind students that George Washington was elected president of the Constitutional Convention. Project a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. Complete the diagram as a class. First, instruct students to make a list of the main points of each document. Explain to students that the Articles of Confederation had many weaknesses and provided for a weak national government. The government could not tax citizens or regulate trade and commerce between the states because there was no common currency. There was no provision for executive or judicial branches of government in the Articles of Confederation. Lastly, the document gave each state only one vote regardless of the population size of that state. These weaknesses led to the drafting of a new constitution. Remind students that the first ten amendments of the Constitution were called the Bill of Rights. Show the First Presidents timeline on pages VA10 and VA11 of the textbook. Point out the dates of each President’s term of office and make a list of each President’s accomplishments. Remind students that during Washington’s term, the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution of the United States of America. Next, project a chart and complete as directed below: “Accomplishments of the First Five Presidents” War of 1812 Lewis and Clark explored new land west of the Mississippi River. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution of the United States of America. Plans were created for development of the national capital in Washington, D.C. United States bought Louisiana from France. Warned European nations not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere. A two-party system emerged. Federal court system was established. Ask individual students to complete the following tasks: • • • • • Highlight in presidency. Highlight in Adams. Highlight in Jefferson. Highlight in Madison. Highlight in yellow the events that occurred during George Washington’s orange the events that occurred during the presidency of John red the events that occurred during the presidency of Thomas blue the events that occurred during the presidency of James green the action(s) of James Monroe. After completing the activity, students should be able to answer the following questions: • • • • • • • • • • • How does a legislature work? What are the features of the federal system? What is the purpose of the Supreme Court? What does it mean to ratify? What are some of the rights guaranteed under the Bill of Rights? What were the basic weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? What events led to the development of the Constitution of the United States? What is an amendment? What people helped develop the Constitution of the United States? What were the major national issues and events faced by the first five presidents? What were the major accomplishments of the first five presidents?