Download Part 1 * A World Crisis

World War I
PowerPoint/Google Slides Lecture Questions & Guided Notes Worksheets
WWI-The War Begins
1. Who was Gavrilo Princip?
2. How did the war break out—the immediate cause?
3. What were the causes of World War I?
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4. Using the table: Military Strength, 1914 complete the lists below.
Identify the top 3 countries which had the largest amounts of troops and warships
Top 3 Largest Troops & Amount
Top 3 Largest # of Warships & Amount
Country
# of Troops
Country
# of Warships
1.
2.
3.
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2.
3.
5. Identify the countries which were allied together.
Triple Entente
1.
2.
3.
Triple Alliance
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2.
3.
6. Identify the Allied (6-8) & Central Powers (4).
Allied Powers (6-8)
Central Powers (4)
7. Identify 5 new types of weapons which were used in WWI.
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4.
2.
5.
3.
8. Why did the war quickly reach a stalemate?
WWI-2 US enters the War
The United States Stays Neutral
• Americans thought of World War I as a
conflict with little effect on the U.S. s.
• Just after the war broke out, President Wilson declared that the U.S. would stay ____________.
• ___________________ is the policy of not being involved in foreign affairs.
• Privately, Wilson favored the __________ cause because Germany's invasion was worrisome.
• Financially, the U.S. did more business with the
_____
.
• By 1917 Britain purchased nearly $75 million worth of war goods each week.
German Submarine Warfare
• Germany suffered because of the British ____________________.
• U-boats are named after the German for “_______________ boat.”
• Germany warned the U.S. that neutral ships might be attacked.
• The German plan for ___________________ submarine warfare angered Americans, and
Wilson believed it violated the laws of neutrality.
• In 1915, Germany sank a luxury passenger ship Lusitania killing ________ Americans.
• The Germans later sank the French passenger ship _______________, killing 80 people.
• Wilson threatened Germany again, and Germany issued the Sussex pledge, promising not to
sink merchant vessels “without warning and without saving human lives.”
Re-Election, Espionage, and War
• Wilson began to work for a settlement of “_____________ without victory.”
• Germany restarted unrestricted warfare
• The
Note asked for Mexico’s help in exchange for its lost Southwest
territory.
• Then German U-boats sank three American __________________ ____________
• On April 6, 1917, the United States joined the Allies.
The American Army
• On May 18, 1917, Congress passed the
between 21 and 30 to register for a draft.
Act, requiring men
Arriving in Europe
• The ( AEF) American
Forces were led by General John J. __________
• The first U.S. troops arrived in France in 1917
Allied Setbacks
• Allies suffered a blow when a group called the ___________ took over Russia’s government.
• Bolsheviks were Communists, who seek equal distribution of wealth and no private ownership.
• The new government, led by Vladimir Ilich ___________ signed peace treaty with Central
Powers and withdrew Russian troops.
The U.S. Fights
• American troops began fighting 12 months after arriving. While defending ______________ in
June 1918, U.S. troops helped the French stop the Germans at Chateau-Thierry.
• After fierce fighting, the _____________ halted the German advance and saved ___________.
American Military Women
• During the war, more than _____________ nurses served in the U.S. Army.
• Women also served in the navy and marines, usually as typists and _______________.
• Still, some women became radio
, electricians, or
.
The Germans’ Last Offensive
• At midnight on July 14, 1918, the Germans launched their last offensive at the _________
Battle of the Marne.
• U.S. blew up every bridge the Germans built across the Marne River, and the German
army retreated on August ____, after suffering ________________ casualties.
• The ___________ began a counterattack in September 1918 and, fighting as a separate
army for the first time, _________ German troops near the French-German border.
The Armistice
• By 1918 the war crippled the German economy, causing food ___________ and ________, and
revolution swept across Austria-Hungary.
• The Central Powers lacked the will to continue and started to ________________.
• Austria-Hungary, and then Germany, surrendered, and the Allies demanded that Germany
surrender its weapons and allow Allied occupation of some areas.
• The Armistice was signed on the ____th hour, on the ____th day, of the ___th month of 1918.
WWI-3 The Home Front
Name two ways the U.S. government paid for the war?
Identify:
WIB –
Fuel Administration –
Daylight Savings Time –
National War Labor Board –
Role of Women on Home Front –
Great Migration –
CPI –
Espionage Act –
Sedition Act –
Schenck v. United States, 1919 –
WWI-4 Treaty of Versailles
Peace without Victory – The End of WWI
1. What was President Wilson’s Fourteen Points plan for peace?
2. Where and when was the Paris Peace Conference?
3. Who were the Big Four at the Paris Peace Conference?
4. Who was not invited to the Conference?
5. What was the peace treaty called? Treaty of ________________________
Outcome of the Conference
Required Germany to:
o Disarm its military forces
o Pay $33 billion in reparations
o Take sole responsibility for starting the war
The Central Powers also had to turn over their colonies to the Allies, to stay under Allied control until they could
become independent.
The treaty included some of Wilson’s Fourteen Points, such as the creation of a League of Nations and selfdetermination
6. Why did the U.S. Congress fight over the treaty?
The Impact of World War I on the United States and the world?
Political
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The war led to the overthrow of monarchies in Russia, Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Turkey.
It contributed to the rise of the Bolsheviks to power in Russia in 1917.
It fanned the flames of revolts against colonialism in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.
Economic
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WWI devastated European economies, giving the U.S. the economic lead.
The U.S. still faced problems such as inflation, which left people struggling to afford ordinary items.
Farmers, whose goods were less in demand than during the war, were hit hard.
Social
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The war killed 14 million people and left 7 million men disabled.
The war drew more than a million women into the U.S. workforce, which helped them pass the Nineteenth Amendment to get the vote.
It also encouraged African Americans to move to northern cities for factory work.
The effects of World War I in Europe were devastating.
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European nations lost almost an entire generation of young men.
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France, where most of the fighting took place, was in ruins.
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Great Britain was deeply in debt to the U.S. and lost its place as the world’s financial center.
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The reparations forced on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles were crippling to its economy.
World War I would not be the “war to end all wars,” as some called it.
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Too many issues were left unresolved.
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Too much anger and hostility remained among nations.
Within a generation, conflict would again break out in Europe, bringing the United States and the world back into war.