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Name: ______________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________ Chapter 9 Review Test Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Pillow lava a. forms a brittle crust that would be painful to walk on. b. has a glassy surface with rounded wrinkles. c. usually oozes from a volcano. d. forms when lava erupts under water. ____ 2. A shield volcano a. is sometimes called a stratovolcano. b. has a jagged surface. c. has gently sloping sides. d. forms when lava erupts underwater. ____ 3. A cinder cone volcano a. has gently sloping sides. b. is formed by explosive and nonexplosive eruptions. c. erodes over thousands of years. d. has steep slopes. ____ 4. A combination of explosive and nonexplosive eruptions will create a a. shield volcano. c. cinder cone volcano. b. composite volcano. d. plateau volcano. ____ 5. Which of the following best describes subduction? a. movement of tectonic plates away from each other b. movement of one tectonic plate against another c. movement of one tectonic plate under another d. side-by-side movement of two tectonic plates ____ 6. A dormant volcano a. is currently explosive. b. might erupt again. c. usually erupts once each year. d. has never erupted. ____ 7. Molten rock deep underground often gathers in a a. vent. c. landslide. b. magma chamber. d. caldera. ____ 8. Lava that is very runny probably a. has a low silica content. b. is hotter than most lava. ____ ____ c. has been cooled below the surface. d. comes from explosive volcanoes. 9. Which type of lava flows most like dripping wax? a. aa lava c. blocky lava b. pillow lava d. pahoehoe lava 10. The three main types of volcanoes are a. shield, pahoehoe, and vented. b. cinder, cone, and composite. c. cinder cone, lapilli, and caldera. d. shield, composite, and cinder cone. 1 ID: A Name: ______________________ ID: A ____ 11. Rock begins to melt when a. both pressure and temperature decrease. b. both pressure and temperature increase. c. temperature increases and pressure decreases. d. temperature decreases and pressure increases. ____ 12. Most active volcanoes form a. far from bodies of water. b. where tectonic plates collide. c. where tectonic plates separate. d. where tectonic plates move back and forth. ____ 13. A tiltmeter is an instrument that measures a. gas ratios in a volcano. b. changes in a volcano’s slope. c. the intensity of earthquakes. d. the temperature inside a volcano. ____ 14. Volcanic activity is common along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. This activity occurs at a a. mantle plume. c. divergent boundary. b. subducted plane. d. break in the continental crust. ____ 15. Which of these would you expect to see during a nonexplosive eruption? a. giant fountains of lava and rock c. a mountainside caving in b. clouds of ash darkening the sky d. huge lava flows ____ 16. What does a tiltmeter measure? a. gases b. changes in a volcano’s slope c. the intensity of earthquakes d. the temperature inside a volcano ____ 17. Which kind of volcanic eruption is most destructive? a. atmospheric c. pahoehoe b. explosive d. nonexplosive ____ 18. Magma forms in deep in the Earth’s crust and in the mantle where a. temperature and pressure are low. b. temperature is high and pressure is low. c. temperature and pressure are high. d. temperature is low and pressure is high. ____ 19. Only about 5% of volcanoes on land form a. along divergent boundaries. b. along convergent boundaries. ____ c. in hot spots. d. in the Ring of Fire. 20. When infrared images show that an area is getting hotter, what is probably happening there? a. Magma is sinking deeper into the Earth’s crust. b. Magma is rising in an active volcano. c. Lava inside a caldera is being warmed by the sun. d. Pyroclastic material is filling a magma chamber. 2 Name: ______________________ ID: A Completion Complete each sentence or statement. 21. When a magma chamber empties, a(n) ____________________ results. 22. An opening in the Earth’s crust through which magma and gases are expelled is called a(n) ____________________. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. magma blocky lava landforms lapilli 23. Pebble-like bits of magma that cool in the air are called ____________________. 24. Craters, calderas, and lava plateaus are volcanic ____________________. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. convergent boundary subduction hot spot rift zone 25. An area where tectonic plates collide is a(n) ____________________. 26. One tectonic plate slides underneath another in a process called ____________________. 27. A set of deep cracks between tectonic plates is called a(n) ____________________. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. vent magma chamber lava 28. Volcanic material escapes the Earth through a ____________________ in active volcanoes. Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. GPS tiltmeter satellite magma chamber 29. Scientists often use a Global Positioning System, or ____________________, to detect changes in a volcano’s shape. 30. Changes in temperature, slope, or earthquake activity indicate changes in a volcano’s ____________________. 3 Name: ______________________ ID: A Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. volcano d. vent b. lava e. ash c. magma f. pyroclastic material ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. molten rock underground magma that flows on the Earth’s surface dust-sized particles of hardened lava magma that is blasted into the air and hardens vent on Earth’s surface through which magma and gases are expelled a crack or opening in the Earth’s crust Match each item with the correct statement below. a. crater c. lava plateau b. caldera d. rifts ____ ____ ____ ____ 37. 38. 39. 40. long cracks in the Earth’s crust a funnel-shaped pit near a volcano’s central vent a large, semicircular depression over a magma chamber a wide, flat landform; usually covers a large area 4