Download The Southeast - MelroseSocialStudiesPreK-5

NG_TG_3_pg104-143.qrk_FNL 6/25/01 1:32 PM Page 112
Overview
The
Southeast
By Elspeth Leacock
Summary
Background Information
The Southeast offers students
This guided tour helps
an armchair tour to this rapidly
growing region of the United
States. Students read about
and view photographs of the
landforms, economic activities,
and special cultural features
of the area. A variety of maps
and captioned photographs
and features including chapter
heads and subheads, an
almanac, a glossary, and an
index introduce students to
the text features characteristic
of informational reading.
students explore the
Southeast, which includes
the states of Kentucky, West
Virginia,Virginia,Tennessee,
North Carolina, South
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama,
Mississippi, Louisiana,
Arkansas, and Florida.
Students begin the tour
looking at the landforms of
the region—the Mississippi
River and its delta, the
Appalachian Mountains,
the Piedmont, the coastal
plains, and the islands of
the Atlantic Coast. Students
then explore the varied
economy of the Southeast:
shipping, oil, agriculture,
coal mining, textile and
furniture manufacturing, and
tourism.The tour concludes
with an examination of
the cultures and history of
the Southeast.
The book is organized in
chapters to focus on the land,
the economy, and the culture
of the region and offers
information to help students
develop an understanding
of the unique character of
this region. Specialized maps
and an almanac provide
additional facts about each
state.
Learning Objectives
Genre/Text Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
expository
photographs and
captions
chapter titles and
subheads
contents, glossary,
index, and almanac
maps
sidebars
112
Reading Skills
Writing Skills
Social Studies Skills
Skill Focus
• compare and contrast
• use specialized words
Supporting Skills
• summarize
• draw conclusions
• paraphrase
Writing Focus
• write a travel adventure
story (narrative)
Supporting Skills
• prewrite
• use models
• conduct research
Speaking and Listening
• read aloud
•
The Southeast
•
•
•
•
describe the landforms and distinguishing
natural features of the Southeast
explain how industries of the Southeast use
the natural resources of the region
identify unique aspects of culture in the
Southeast
discuss contributions made by people of the
Southeast to the culture of the United States
use maps
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Focus on Reading
Activate Prior Knowledge
Tell students that this book is
about the southeastern part, or
region, of the United States and
ask a volunteer to identify the
region on a map. Ask students
what they notice about the
Southeast from studying the
map. Guide them to note that
the Southeast has a long
coastline and borders two
major bodies of water.
Draw a chart similar to the one
below on the board. Have
students copy this chart.
Discuss how students probably
already know quite a bit about
states in this region. Students
may find that they know a lot
about some states and not
much about others. As they
read The Southeast, they can
add to or alter their chart.
Why do you think we’ll be
reading this book?
Encourage students to give
reasons for their answers.
Vocabulary Strategy:
Use specialized words
Preview
Give students time to preview
the book. Ask:
Do you recognize any of the
photographs?
What can you learn from the
maps on pages 6, 15, and 16?
Will you be reading about people
in the present or in the past? What
makes you think as you do?
Set Purpose
Ask students whether this book
reminds them of other books
they have read. Ask:
Activity Master, Page 116
Students can use the Activity
Master on page 116 to develop
their understanding of words
related to geography. They
will write a definition for each
word and write a sentence
about the Southeast for each
one. They will be using these
words:
barrier island
coastal plain
coral
delta
erode
gulf
swamp
tributary
The Southeast
N. Carolina
S. Carolina
Georgia
W. Virginia
Kentucky
Tennessee
Arkansas
Louisiana
Mississippi
Alabama
Florida
What We Know
Virginia
Correlation to National Standards
Language Arts
•
•
•
•
•
read to build an understanding of
the cultures of the United States
apply a wide range of strategies
to comprehend and interpret texts
use the writing process
conduct research
use spoken/written/visual
language for own purposes
Social Studies
Geography
culture
people, places, and
environments
• production, distribution,
and consumption
• science, technology,
and society
•
•
•
world in spatial
terms (1)
• places and
regions (4, 5)
• human systems
(11)
• environment and
society (15, 16)
State/Local
See Standards Chart
on pages 282–287.
The Southeast
113
Travels Across America
Before Reading
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Focus on Reading (continued)
During Reading
Read Strategically:
Compare and contrast
Activity Master, Page 117
Assign each chapter of the book
as independent reading. Explain
to students that comparing,
(pointing out similarities) and
contrasting (noting differences)
information is one way writers
organize their writing. Noting
comparisons and contrasts can
help readers understand
important ideas on a topic.
As students read, they can use
the Activity Master on page
117 to make comparisons
among the various landforms
and other features of the
Southeast. Students’ charts will
resemble the chart at the
bottom of the page.
Strategy Tip: Paraphrase
Suggest that students restate
in their own words any
passages—from sentences to
entire paragraphs—they would
like to clarify for themselves.
The process of paraphrasing
requires students to identify
the important ideas in the
passages and summarize
them. If they are still having
difficulty restating a particular
passage, students can ask for
clarification during the followup class discussion.
Meeting
Individual Needs
For specific strategies on
meeting individual needs, see
pages 264–269.
After Reading
Responding
Initiate a class discussion to
assess reading comprehension.
Ask:
What are some important
landforms of the Southeast?
(summarize)
Which natural resources do
industries in the Southeast
depend on? (draw conclusions)
Which features make the
Southeast different from other
regions?
(compare and contrast)
Which people and languages do
you find only in the Southeast?
(summarize)
What are some reasons tourists
visit the Southeast? (summarize)
Writing and Research:
Write a travel adventure
Activity Master, Page 118
Ask students to work with
partners to create an adventure
story that takes place in the
Southeast. The stories should
include some of the facts
they have learned about the
Southeast.The Activity Master
on page 118 will help students
organize ideas for their stories.
Communicating: Speaking/listening
Read stories aloud
Students can read their travel
adventures aloud.
Students reading aloud should
✓ speak clearly and with expression
✓ make eye contact with the listeners
Listeners should
✓ listen politely
✓ ask questions to clarify the plot
Geographical Features
How they are the same? How they are different?
Plateau and mountain
A plateau is an area of flat land higher than the land around it.
A mountain is higher than the area around it, but a mountain is not flat.
Appalachian Mountains
and the Piedmont region
The Piedmont is a hilly area and the Appalachians are mountains.
Swamp and marsh
Both are wet, but a swamp is dark and has lots of trees.
A marsh is bright and has few trees.
Barrier island and a key
A barrier island protects the mainland from waves. A key is an island made of coral.
River and tributary
Rivers that flow into other rivers are tributaries.
Mountaintop-removal mine
and underground mine
A mountaintop-removal mine levels a mountain to reach the coal from
the surface. An underground mine tunnels far under the ground.
114
The Southeast
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Focus on Social Studies
Assessment Options
Cross-Curricular Connection
Write an Essay About the Southeast
Use the following assessment
options to assess students’
understanding of The Southeast.
Mathematics
Have students review The
Southeast with this question in
mind:
What effect do the many
waterways and wetlands of the
Southeast have on its economy
and culture?
Encourage students to take
notes on this topic as they
review the book.Then have
students write a short essay on
the effect of waterways and
wetlands on the economy and
culture of the Southeast. Urge
students to include in their
essay both the effect of the
extensive coastline on the
region and the importance of
the Mississippi River and Gulf
of Mexico to the economy of
the Southeast. Encourage
students to create illustrations
for their essays.
Map
Activity
Activity Master, Page 119
Students can use the map on
the Activity Master, page 119,
The Southeast, and other
resources to identify some
of the places they read about.
Students then use the map
to answer questions about
the region.
Questions
During individual conferences
or independently in their
notebooks, students can answer
the following questions:
1 What are two unique natural
features of the Southeast?
2 In what ways does the land in the
Southeast vary?
3 Which industries in the Southeast
rely on the waterways?
4 What are two unique groups of
people in the Southeast?
5 Which twelve states make up the
southeastern region?
Assessment Activity
Students create a travel poster
for a location of their choice in
the Southeast.
Posters should
✓ include an illustration that clearly
identifies a particular location in the
Southeast
✓ have a title
✓ include text that presents facts
about the location accurately
✓ include text that gives reasons
people would enjoy visiting the
location
Multiple-Choice Test
See the multiple-choice test in
the Assessment Booklet.
Have students use the Almanac
at the back of the book to
create two bar graphs. The
first bar graph shows state
populations and the second
shows the area of the states in
square miles. Have students
use their bar graphs to discuss
the populations and areas
of the states and examine
the relationship between area
and population.
From smallest to largest
population, the states rank as
follows: West Virginia, Arkansas,
Mississippi, South Carolina,
Kentucky, Alabama, Louisiana,
Tennessee,Virginia, North
Carolina, Georgia, Florida.
In area, from smallest to largest
the states rank as follows:
West Virginia, South Carolina,
Kentucky, Tennessee,Virginia,
Mississippi, Louisiana,
Alabama, North Carolina,
Arkansas, Georgia, Florida.
Home-School Connection
Students should ask family
members and friends if any
have lived in one of the states
in the Southeast. Ask them
to tell what life was like where
they lived. If a U.S. map is
available, students and their
families can use pushpins to
mark the places friends and
family have lived.
The Southeast
115
Travels Across America
Extend and Assess
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The Southeast
Name
Vocabulary: Use Specialized Words
The words below from The Southeast refer to geographical features. Write a
meaning for each word. Then write a sentence about the Southeast for each word.
If you are not sure of a meaning, use the glossary in the book or a dictionary.
barrier island
erode
Meaning:
Meaning:
My Sentence:
My Sentence:
coastal plain
gulf
Meaning:
Meaning:
My Sentence:
My Sentence:
swamp
Meaning:
Meaning:
My Sentence:
My Sentence:
delta
tributary
Meaning:
Meaning:
My Sentence:
My Sentence:
116
Activity Master
© 2001 National Geographic Society
coral
Vocabulary
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The Southeast
Name
Reading: Compare Landforms
In The Southeast you’ll read about several different landforms and natural resources.
Comparing and contrasting these features of the region can help you remember
their likenesses and differences. Fill in the chart below to compare and contrast
geographical features discussed in The Southeast. Write the ways each pair of
features is alike and the ways each pair is different.
Geographical Features
How are they the same? How are they different?
Plateau and
mountain
Appalachian
Mountains and
the Piedmont region
Swamp and marsh
© 2001 National Geographic Society
Barrier island and
a key
River and tributary
Mountaintopremoval mine and
underground mine
Reading Strategies
Activity Master
117
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The Southeast
Name
Writing: Prewriting
A Travel Adventure Story
You will be writing a travel adventure story about your trip through
the Southeast. Where will your adventure take place? What will happen?
Plan your story below.
1. Where will my story take place?
2. What characters will be in my story?
© 2001 National Geographic Society
3. What problem will the characters have? How will they solve their problem?
4. How will my story end?
118
Activity Master
Writing
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The Southeast
Name
Social Studies: Label a Map of the Southeast
Use The Southeast and other resources to locate and label the places listed
below. Then use the map to answer the questions.
© 2001 National Geographic Society
Label these places
◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆
New Orleans
Charleston, West Virginia
Huntsville
Williamsburg
Sea Islands
Daytona Beach
Nashville
Atlanta
Okefenokee Swamp
Appalachian Mountains
Gulf of Mexico
St. Augustine
1. In which direction would you travel from Nashville to get to New Orleans?
2. About how far in miles is Daytona Beach from Atlanta?
3. Which city is closer to Charleston, West Virginia, Huntsville or Williamsburg?
Social Studies Skills
Activity Master
119