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Government at a Glance 2015
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Country Fact Sheet
Chile
Fiscal policy will play an important role for continued fiscal sustainability
in the context of falling commodity prices
Under the fiscal rule, the Chilean authorities reduced substantially their general government deficit which
reached 4% of the GDP in 2009. According to the System of National Accounts definition government accumulated debt in this country is one of the lowest across OECD countries, reaching 19% of the GDP in 2013
compared to the OECD average of 118% of the GDP. In 2013, the general government deficit was equal to
0.4% of GDP, and this figure is expected to be similar in 2014.
Chapter 2: Public finance and economics
General government fiscal balance as a percentage of GDP
General government gross debt as a percentage of GDP
Chile has one of the smallest public sector workforces in the OECD,
and women remain underrepresented in high level positions
Public sector employment in Chile is one of the lowest across OECD countries. In 2013, only 10.7% of the
total employment was occupied in the public sector, almost half the OECD average. Women are over-represented in the Chilean public sector workforce, but still face some barriers in reaching high level positions.
The first chapter of Government at a Glance demonstrates how gender inclusion is one element of more
inclusive public institutions for a more fair, open and representative public sector.
Chapter 3: Public employment and compensation
Public sector employment as a percentage of total employment
Limited public spending on tertiary education limits the access of Chileans
to a high-quality education system
The Chilean government is making efforts to improve access to high-quality education programmes; however, there is still room for improvement. In 2011, 76% of the expenditures on tertiary education were covered
by private sources, the largest share across OECD countries. As a consequence, the entry rate into tertiary
education in Chile is below the OECD average (47% and 58% respectively).
Chapter 12: Serving Citizens
Share of private expenditure on educational institutions
Entry rates into tertiary-type A education (university)
How to read the figures:
(not represented if not available)
Chile
Values have been rounded.
n.a. refers to
data not available
Range of OECD country
values in grey
Average of OECD countries
in green
Country value in blue
GOVERNMENT INPUTS: FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES
Public Finance & Economics
Public Employment & Compensation
Public Finance and Economics
Government revenues
(2013)
Government expenditures
(2013)
Public investment
(2013)
Government gross debt *
(2013, 2014)
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of of total govt. expenditures
% of GDP
Chile
Chile
n.a.
20%
n.a.
37.7%
30%
40%
50%
20%
60%
Source: OECD National Accounts
30%
23.1%
Chile
n.a.
41.9%
40%
50%
Chile
0%
60%
5%
Source: OECD National Accounts
2014
7.8%
10%
15%
20%
0%
50%
100%
19.5%
100%
2013
0%
100%
109.3%
0%
2013
150%
200%
250%
Source: OECD National Accounts
* SNA definition, see Notes
Source: OECD National Accounts
Fiscal balance *
(2013)
% of GDP
-0.4%
-15% -10%
-4.2%
-5%
0%
+5% +10% +15%
Chile
G@G /data
Source: OECD National Accounts. * See Notes
Public Employment and Compensation
Public sector employment
as % of total employment (2013)
Public sector employment
filled by women (2013)
Chile
10%
20%
30%
34.8%
54.6%
40%
50%
21.3%
G@G /data
Chile
Chile
10.7%
0%
Share of women ministers
(2015)
Source: International Labour Organization (database)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
58.0%
Source: International Labour Organization (database)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
29.3%
Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union Parline Database
GOVERNMENT PROCESSES
Institutions
Regulatory Governance
Public Sector Integrity
Public Procurement
Regulatory Governance
Institutions
Stakeholder engagement and consultation (2014)
Level of
influence of the
Centre of Government
over line ministries
(2013)
Stakeholder engagement to inform
officials about the problem and
possible solutions
Moderate
Chile
Chile
Subordinate
regulations
Primary laws
For some
primary laws
For some
subordinate
regulations
For some
primary laws
3%
15%
65%
15%
2%
6%
9%
62%
23%
0%
68%
6%
18%
6%
2%
30%
59%
11%
Moderate
Consultation on draft regulations
or proposed rules
Subordinate
regulations
Primary laws
High
Digital Government
Low
For all primary laws /
subordinate regulations
For some primary laws /
subordinate regulations
For major primary laws /
subordinate regulations
Source: OECD 2013 Survey on Centre of Government
For some
subordinate
regulations
53%
18%
24%
5%
0%
Not
applicable
Never
Source: OECD Regulatory Policy Outlook (forthcoming)
Public Procurement
Strategic public procurement - Objectives
(2014)
Procurement expenditure
(2013)
% of government expenditures
Support for green
public procurement
G@G /data
Support for
SMEs
Support for innovative
goods and services
Chile
Women in Government
Chile
n.a.
29.0%
13 26
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
1
10 25
2
0
3
10 23
A strategy / policy has been developed by some procuring entities
A strategy / policy has been rescinded
A strategy / policy has been developed at a central level
A strategy / policy has never been developed
Source: OECD National Accounts
0
3
Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Public Procurement
Digital Gov.
Public Sector Integrity
OURdata Index:
Open, Useful, Reusable
Government Data (2014)
Level G@G
of /data
disclosure of private interests
across branches of government
(2014)
Composite index
from 0 lowest to 1 highest
1
Chile
0.54
0.8
0.6
Executive Branch
High level
Medium level
Legislative Branch
63
44
64
Judicial Branch
“At risk” areas
56
35
32
29
Low level
26
0.4
0.58
0.2
Chile
Chile
Chile
Chile
0
Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Open Government Data
G@G /data
Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Managing Conflict of Interest in the Executive Branch and Whistleblower Protection
GOVERNMENT OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES
Core Government Results and Service Delivery
Satisfaction and confidence across public services (2014)
% of citizens expressing confidence/satisfaction
Health care
35% 71%
100
80
60
40
National government
31% 42%
Chile
Education system
52% 67%
20
Average
Range
Judicial system
19% 54%
Source: Gallup World Poll
Access to healthcare (2012)
Equity in learning outcomes (2012)
Out of pocket expenditure as a % of final household consumption
3.7%
2.8%
Chile
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
PISA mathematics score variance by socio economic background
23.1%
14.8%
Chile
5%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Source: OECD, PISA 2012 results: Excellence through equity, 2013
Source: OECD Health Statistics 2014
Changes in household disposable income,
by income group (2007-2011)
Limited government powers
(2014)
5%
0%
Chile
4.9%
2.7%
-1.6%
-0.8%
Bottom
10%
Top
10%
Bottom
10%
Top
10%
0.74
Chile
-5%
0.76
-10%
-15%
[0.37-0.92]
Source: OECD Income Distribution Database
Source: The World Justice Project
Notes
 Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures.
 Structural fiscal balance, or underlying balance, represents the fiscal balance adjusted for the state of the economic cycle (as measured by the output gap which resulted as the difference between actual and potential GDP) and one-off
fiscal operations.
 Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which differs from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the
debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not debt.
Government at a Glance 2015
With a focus on public administration, OECD Government at a Glance 2015 provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the
goal of contributing to the analysis and international comparison of public sector performance across OECD countries. Indicators on public finances
and employment are provided alongside composite indexes summarising aspects of public management policies, and indicators on services to
citizens in health care, education, and justice. Government at a Glance 2015 also includes indicators on key governance and public management
issues, such as regulatory management, budgeting practices and procedures, public sector integrity, public procurement and core government
results in terms of trust in institutions, income redistribution and efficiency and cost-effectiveness of governments.
The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance 2015 are available
via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2015-en
For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes)
and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm