Download eoc practice exam #2 answer sheet

UNITED STATES HISTORY
For each multiple choice question, fill in the appropriate location on the scantron
1.
In comparison to earlier immigrant groups, the “new”
immigrants of the 19th century were more likely to
A. live in cities and urban tenements
B. work in agriculture
C. receive college degrees
D. earn high incomes
8. The vaccine developed by Dr. Jonas Salk in 1954 helped to
stop the spread of
A. malaria
B. polio
C. measles
D. smallpox
2. Cornelius Vanderbilt achieved great success because of his
ability to consolidate
A. oil refineries
B. steel processing
C. railroad lines
D. telegraph lines
9. The Berlin Airlift (1948-1949) was a direct reaction by the
United States against
A. a Soviet blockade of West Berlin
B. the construction of the Berlin Wall
C. a rebellion by Nazi sympathizers in West Berlin
D. the decision after World War II to divide Berlin
3. Germany helped to provoke the United States entry into
World War I by
A. arresting foreign diplomats
B. imposing economic sanctions
C. attacking cargo & passenger ships
D. bombing ports & manufacturing centers
10. Which Supreme Court decision stated that people
accused of a crime must be allowed access to an
attorney?
A. United States v. Nixon
B. Plessy v. Ferguson
C. Gideon v. Wainwright
D. Brown v. Board of Education
4. Overproduction of agricultural contributed to the Great
Depression by
A. encouraging foreign competition
B. decreasing farm incomes
C. promoting rural development
D. increasing personal spending
5. Which Civil Rights leader established the NAACP and
campaigned for greater political rights for African
Americans?
A. W.E.B. Du Bois
B. Marcus Garvey
C. Booker T. Washington
D. George Washington Carver
6. During the Great Depression, Hooverville’s became
symbolic of the
A. federal government’s failure to provide relief
B. growth of ethnic neighborhoods in major cities
C. collapse of industrial enterprise zones
D. federal funding of defense contractors
7. In 1948, President Harry Truman issued an executive order
ending segregation in
A. public transportation
B. private business
C. the state governments
D. the armed forces (military)
11. What was the effect of the Washington Post’s coverage
of the Watergate break-in of 1972?
A. It inspired legislation to require more balanced news
coverage of politics
B. It increased national pressure to end American
military involvement in Vietnam
C. It led most people to assume that Cuba was a threat
to US security
D. It demonstrated a connection between the burglary
and the office of the President of the United States
12. “Old Immigrants” were most likely to come from which
region?
A. North Africa
B. Eastern Asia
C. South America
D. Western Europe
13. Which set of trends was part of the popular culture
during the 1920s period?
A. international vacations and railway travel
B. flapper fashions and speakeasies
C. victory gardens and ration bonds
D. televisions and drive-in movies
14. How did President Truman justify the use of atomic
bombs against Japan?
A. He wanted to demonstrate the nuclear capability of
the United States
B. US citizens wanted to get revenge for the Japanese
attacks at Midway
C. Naval forces wanted to stop further efforts by the
Japanese to invade China
D. He wanted to end the war quickly while preserving
American lives
15. During the mid-1900’s, what was the primary goal of the
US “containment” policy?
A. maintaining an isolationist foreign policy
B. reducing environmental pollution
C. limiting the expansion of communism
D. eliminating global poverty
16. The 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis began when
A. the Soviet Union attempted to conquer Cuba
B. Cuba threatened to attack US cities
C. the Soviet Union placed nuclear weapons in Cuba
D. Cuba attacked a US military base
17. Civil Rights activist Stokely Carmichael was the leader of
the
A. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
B. Nation of Islam
C. National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People
D. Southern Christian Leadership Conference
18. As Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton was
most noted for
A. devising a plan to pay off the nation’s debts
B. beginning a system of tax exports
C. arranging necessary loans from European nations
D. raising revenue from the sale of western lands
19. Conflicts between Jeffersonians and Hamiltonians during
President George Washington’s first administration led
directly to the
A. end of the Era of Good Feelings
B. decision to replace the Articles of Confederation
C. addition of the elastic clause to the Constitution
D. start of the first political parties
20. The decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) expanded the
power of the Supreme Court by
A. restricting the use of the elastic clause
B. establishing the power of judicial review
C. upholding the constitutionality of the National Bank
D. interpreting the interstate commerce clause
21. Which is an example of the concept of Manifest Destiny
in action?
A. the Missouri Compromise
B. the annexation of Mexican territory
C. the Transatlantic Slave Trade
D. the Compromise of 1850
22. The major purpose of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) was to
A. create a military alliance for the defense of North
America
B. guarantee democratic governments in Latin America
C. secure new colonies in the Caribbean
D. limit European influence in the Western Hemisphere
23. The Missouri Compromise (1820) and the Compromise of
1850 were both efforts to
A. end fighting between Midwestern farmers & Native
American Indians
B. encourage manufacturing in the West
C. increase the number of people who voted in
presidential elections
D. settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the
western territories
24. As the Civil War began, President Abraham Lincoln stated
that his primary goal was to
A. end slavery
B. set national boundaries
C. increase congressional powers
D. preserve the Union
25. The Homestead Act of 1862 helped the development of
the West by
A. providing free lands to settlers
B. granting land for construction of transcontinental
railroads
C. allowing slavery to spread to the territories
D. placing Native American Indians on reservations
26. In an effort to resolve conflicts with the frontier settlers
in the 1870s, the federal government forced Native
American Indians to
A. move west of the Mississippi River
B. live on reservations with definite boundaries
C. relocate to urban industrial centers
D. help build the transcontinental railroad
27. Which action by the federal government during the late
1800s is an example of ‘nativism’?
A. passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act
B. creation of tribal reservations in the East
C. grants of financial aid to western farmers
D. support for the construction of transcontinental
railroads
28. During the late 1800s business leaders formed “trusts”
mainly to
A. reduce prices
B. eliminate competition
C. improve worker production
D. establish overseas factories
29. During the 1890s, Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph
Hearst used yellow journalism to generate public support
for the
A. election of Populist Party candidates
B. presidential candidacy of William McKinley
C. goals of workers in the Pullman strike
D. Spanish-American War
30. By proclaiming the Open Door Policy in 1899, the United
States was attempting to
A. keep Japan from attacking and colonizing China
B. increase trade between Russia and the United States
C. ensure equal trading opportunities in China
D. prevent European countries from colonizing the
Western Hemisphere
31. During the Progressive Era, why did “muckrakers” publish
articles and novels?
A. to advance their own political careers
B. to make Americans aware of problems in society
C. to help the federal government become more
efficient
D. to provide entertainment for readers
32. What was a goal of the Progressive movement?
A. reduce the government’s involvement in social issues
B. correct the problems caused by industrialization
C. promote laissez-faire policies
D. promote settlement of land west of the Mississippi
River
33. Which president is known as a “trustbuster’?
A. George Washington
B. Calvin Coolidge
C. Theodore Roosevelt
D. Dwight Eisenhower
34. In the South, the passage of Jim Crow laws in the 1870s
and 1880s directly led to
A. racial integration of public schools
B. decline of the Democratic Party
C. organization of the Ku Klux Klan
D. segregation of public facilities
35. In which area did the views of Booker T. Washington and
W.E.B. Du Bois differ most?
A. the need to stop violence against African Americans
B. the speed with which full equality of the races
should be achieved
C. the need to integrate the armed forces
D. the idea of including white Americans in their
political organizations
36. A significant contribution to the industrialization of the
United States was Henry Ford’s development of
A. the assembly line
B. electric powered vehicles
C. the first holding company
D. a new process for making steel
37. At the beginning of World War I, President Woodrow
Wilson followed a traditional United States foreign policy
by
A. refusing to permit trade with either side in the
conflict
B. sending troops to Great Britain
C. declaring American neutrality
D. requesting an immediate declaration of war against
the aggressors
38. One goal for a lasting peace that President Woodrow
Wilson included in his Fourteen Points was
A. establishing a League of Nations
B. maintaining a permanent military force in Europe
C. returning the United States to a policy of
isolationism
D. blaming Germany for causing World War I
39. The Palmer Raids following World War I were caused by a
fear of
A. new military weapons
B. foreign invasion of the United States
C. communist influence in the United States
D. economic depression
40. Which situation helped cause the stock market crash of
1929?
A. excessive speculation and buying on margin
B. unwillingness of people to invest in new industries
C. increased government spending
D. too much government regulation of business
41. The
A.
B.
C.
D.
Scopes Monkey Trial of 1925 is an example of
the effects of assimilation on American culture
a clash between scientific ideas & religious beliefs
an increase in violence in American society
government intervention in racial conflicts
42. The New Deal programs of President Franklin D.
Roosevelt changed the United States economy by
A. restoring the principal of a balanced budget
B. expanding the trustbusting practices of Progressive
Era presidents
C. encouraging greater production of agricultural goods
D. increasing government involvement with both
business and labor
43. Between 1934 and 1937, Congress passed a series of
Neutrality Acts that were designed primarily to
A. strengthen the nation’s military defenses
B. provide aid to other democratic nations
C. create jobs for unemployed American workers
D. avoid mistakes that had led to American involvement
in World War I
44. The
A.
B.
C.
D.
‘baby boom’ primarily resulted from the
economic prosperity of the 1920s
Great Depression of the 1930s
delay in marriages during World War II
counterculture movement of the 1960s
45. The main foreign policy objective of the Marshall Plan
(1948-1952) was to
A. stop communist aggression in Korea
B. fight poverty in Latin America
C. rebuild the economies of European nations
D. provide jobs for unemployed Americans
46. President Richard Nixon supported the policy of détente
as a way to
A. reduce tensions between the United States and the
Soviet Union
B. introduce democratic elections to communist nations
C. encourage satellite nations to break their ties with
the Soviet Union
D. undermine Soviet influence among nonaligned
countries in Africa & Asia
47. Which strategy did African American students use when
they refused to leave a “whites only” lunch counter in
Greensboro, North Carolina in 1960?
A. economic boycott
B. hunger strike
C. petition drive
D. civil disobedience
48. United States involvement in the Vietnam War was based
in part on a desire to
A. prevent renewed Japanese expansionism in the
Pacific
B. assure access to an adequate supply of oil from the
Middle East
C. contain communism in Southeast Asia
D. protect American business interests in China
52. In 1991, one of the reasons President George H.W. Bush
committed United States troops to the Persian Gulf War
was to
A. maintain the flow of trade through the Suez Canal
B. fulfill military obligations as a member of NAFTA
C. contain the spread of communism in the Middle East
D. assure the flow of Middle East oil to the United
States and its allies
49. A major goal of President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society
program was to
A. control economic inflation
B. end poverty in the United States
C. repeal several New Deal programs
D. return responsibility for welfare programs to the
states
53. Which statement best describes an impact of the
Watergate scandal on American society?
A. The modern environmental movement began
B. Public trust in government declined
C. Voter turnout in elections increased
D. An economic recession ended
50. President Bill Clinton supported the North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA) primarily as a way to
A. normalize trade relations with Cuba
B. stimulate economic growth in the United States
C. restrict the flow of drugs into the United States
D. increase the United States trade deficit
51. The Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade (1973) was
based on the constitutional principle of
A. protection of property rights
B. freedom of speech
C. right to privacy
D. freedom of religion
54. Which group suffered official discrimination during World
War II?
A. German Americans
B. All females
C. Japanese Americans
D. White males
55. What event would John F. Kennedy and many others have
considered the most dangerous Cold War confrontation
during his presidency & perhaps the entire period?
A. The space race
B. The Cuban missile crisis
C. The SALT II talks
D. The Berlin Wall Crisis