Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
The War of 1812 During the American Revolution, many American Indian tribes sided with the British because they did not trust the colonists. The British continued to supply the Indians with guns. They also wanted to keep up their profitable fur trade. Battle of Fallen Timbers The Northwest Ordinance recognized Indian tribal rights and if someone wanted to purchase Indian lands they had to do so by a treaty. Many of the American Indian leaders did not trust the Americans. Led by Little Turtle and his Shawnee ally Blue Jacket, Indian warriors attacked settlers in Ohio in 1790 and 1791. President George Washington sent General Anthony Wayne to Ohio in 1792 to protect the settlers. General Wayne defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. This was the final battle for control of the NW Territory. A year later many Indian tribes agreed to leave Ohio in the Treaty of Greenville. The treaty of Greenville was signed in late 1795. It became a major turning point in the relations between Indians and Americans in Ohio. Terms of the Treaty of Greenville (1795) • Peace: The treaty brought peace. It also brought a final end to the NW Indian Wars. • Opened the West: The treaty allowed the white settlers in the Western lands. This increased migration to the west and the settlement of frontier areas. • Surrender of Lands: The Indian tribes gave up a large portion of their land. This was almost 2/3 of present-day Ohio. Many Indian tribes had to move west of the Mississippi River. • Payment to the Indians: The US government agreed to give the Indian tribes $20,000 in goodsblankets, utensils, and domestic animals. The government also agreed to pay $9,500 in goods each year. Chief Tecumseh In 1806, a Shawnee chief named Tecumseh and his brother, known as the Prophet, tried to unite all the Indian tribes in the area. They argued that the tribes should band against the settlers. They also believed they should refuse to give up their lands. In 1811 American soldiers fought Tecumseh’s brother in the Battle of Tippecanoe and burned a Shawnee village. War of 1812 While the Indians were arguing over lands and rights, the British and Americans began having new disagreements. Britain was already at war with France. The British navy began stopping American ships and forcing the American sailors to be in the British navy. This taking of sailors was known as impressment. Americans were also angry because they believed that the British were still supplying guns to the Indians in the NW Territory. Finally, some US Congressmen believed it was time for the US to seize Canada from the British. For all these reasons, a conflict known as the War of 1812 began. Most of the fighting took place on the Great Lakes. Twice the British army attacked Fort Meigs, on Ohio’s Naumee River. In 1813 the Americans defeated the British in the Battle of Lake Erie. This victory helped the Americans win the war. Admiral Oliver Perry led a group of American ships to victory over British ships. The US gained control of Lake Erie. It also blocked the British from supplying their fort in Detroit. In Ohio many Indians refused to accept the Treaty of Greenville. Chief Tecumseh was later wounded and died in 1813 during the war.