Download 8th GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE: 2nd SEMESTER EXAM OUTLINE

8th GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE: 2nd SEMESTER EXAM OUTLINE
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LIGHT
Light is an ____ wave.
Draw, label, and give an example of each
section of the electromagnetic spectrum.
As wavelength decreases, frequency ____.
reflection
refraction
diffraction
lens
What is the difference between a convex and
concave lens?
CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES/CHANGES
Give an example of each term below:
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Physical property
Chemical property
Physical change
Chemical change
THERMAL ENERGY
1) temperature
a) relationship between temperature & how
fast the particles of an object are moving
2) thermal expansion
3) Kelvin
4) absolute zero
5) heat
6) thermal energy
a) What unit is thermal energy measured in?
7) thermal equilibrium
8) conduction
a) give an example
9) conductor
10) insulator
11) convection
a) give an example
12) radiation
a) give an example
13) thermal conductivity
14) specific heat capacity
15) Use the table on page 256 to answer the
following questions about specific heat:
a) list the 3 substances that heat the fastest
b) Does copper or aluminum heat the slowest?
THE ATOM
1) atom
2) Which takes up more space in an atom?
(Nucleus or empty space)
3) Define and give the charge for the following:
a) protons
b) neutrons
c) electrons
4) quarks
5) nucleus
6) electron energy levels
a) maximum # of electrons on the first
3 energy levels
b) draw a Bohr diagram for an atom that
has 11 electrons
c) List the valence electrons for the Bohr
model you drew
7) valence shell
8) valence electrons
9) atomic number
10) mass number
11) isotope
12) Find the following:
a) mass number
b) protons
c) neutrons
d) electrons (with the charge)
11
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B
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ATOMIC SCIENTISTS
Give one fact about each atomic scientist:
1) John Dalton
2) JJ Thomson
3) Ernest Rutherford
4) Neils Bohr
5) Schrödinger & Heisenberg (Electron cloud)
PERIODIC TABLE
1) The Periodic Law
2) Sections of the periodic table
a) groups
i) name 1 element in group 16
b) periods
i) name 1 element in period 4
c) metals
i) name 1 element that is a metal
d) nonmetals
i) name 1 element that is a nonmetal
e) metalloids
i) name 1 element that is a metalloid
8th GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE: 2nd SEMESTER EXAM OUTLINE
3) Use the periodic table on pages 304-305 to
complete the following:
a) The name for Na is _______.
b) Mercury has an atomic mass of ___.
c) The chemical symbol for gold is ___.
4) The current periodic table is arranged by ___.
5) Draw dot diagrams for elements 1 – 10
6) What family is neon in? Give one fact about
this family. (noble gases)
7) Name one element in the alkali metals.
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ELEMENTS, COMPOUND, & MIXTURES
element
a) give an example
compound
a) give an example
mixture
a) give an example
How are elements and compounds similar?
How are compounds and mixtures similar?
CHEMICAL BONDS & COMPOUNDS
Atoms bond by ____, ____, or ____ electrons.
ionic bond
ions
covalent bond
molecule
binary compounds
a) give one example of using the criss-cross
method to make a binary formula
CHEMICAL REACTIONS & EQUATIONS
1) How many atoms of each element are in the
following chemical formula? 2H2SO4
2) Is the following equation balanced or
unbalanced? (show work)
2KCl + 3O2
2KClO3
a) list the number of atoms for each element
in the above equation
b ) label the following:
i) subscript
ii) coefficient
iii) reactants
iv) products
3) Law of Conservation of Mass
a) How does a balanced equation illustrate
this law?
TYPES OF REACTIONS
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synthesis
decomposition
single replacement
double replacement
endothermic
exothermic
List the 4 clues that a chemical reaction is
taking place.
ACIDS & BASES
1) acid
a) example
2) base
a) example
3) neutralization
4) indicator
a) give an example of one indicator and how
it indicates an acid or base
5) pH scale
a) draw and label (3acids/3bases)