Download energy

Physical Science
8/16/10
Catalyst:
1. What is our class’ Big Goal?
2. Why do you think this is a good goal
for us as a class?
Today’s objective: SWBAT explain
energy is transferred or transformed
in various scenarios.
What is Energy?
• Energy makes change; it does things for us. It
moves cars along the road and boats over the
water. It bakes a cake in the oven and keeps
ice frozen in the freezer. It play our favorite
songs on the radio and lights up our homes.
Energy makes our bodies grow and allows our
minds to think.
• Scientists define energy as the ability to do
work.
Forms of Energy
• Energy is found in different forms, such as
light, heat, sound, and motion. There are
many forms of energy, but they can all be put
into two categories:
– Kinetic Energy
– Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
• Kinetic energy is motion; it is the motion of
waves, electrons, atoms, molecules,
substances, and objects.
– Electrical Energy is the movement of electrons.
Electrons moving through a wire is called circuit
electricity. Lightning is another example.
Radiant
Energy
-Radiant Energy
(Radiation) is
electromagnetic
energy that travels in
transverse waves. This
includes visible light,
x-rays, gamma rays,
and radio waves. Light
is one type of radiant
energy. Solar energy is
another.
-Electromagnetic
Spectrum
• More types:
Kinetic Energy
– Thermal Energy, or heat, is
the internal energy in
substances; it is the
vibration and movement of
the atoms and molecules
within substances.
– Sound is the movement of
energy through substances
in waves. Sound is produced
when a force causes an
object or substance to
vibrate.
Kinetic Energy
• Motion or Mechanical Energy
is the movement of objects or
substances from one place to
another. Wind is an example of
motion energy.
• Potential Energy is stored
energy and the energy of
Potential Energy position, or gravitational
energy. There are several
forms:
– Chemical Energy is energy
stored in the bonds of atoms
and molecules. Petroleum,
propane, and natural gas
and examples of stored
chemical energy. Also,
human digestion uses
chemical energy.
Potential Energy
Stored Mechanical Energy is energy stored
in objects by the application of force.
Compressed springs or stretched rubber
bands are examples.
Potential Energy
• More forms:
– Nuclear Energy is energy stored in the nucleus of
an atom; it is the energy that holds the nucleus
together. The energy can be released when the
nuclei are combined or split apart. Nuclear power
plants split the nuclei of uranium atoms is a
process called fission.
Potential Energy
• More forms:
• Gravitational Energy is the energy of a position or
place. A rock resting at the top of a hill contains
gravitational potential energy.
Graffiti Posters
• With your partner, use the markers and paper
given to you to draw examples for each type of
energy. Be sure to write the energy types as
well, and include all the words on this list:
Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Thermal Energy
Nuclear Energy Mechanical Energy
Chemical Energy Motion Energy Sound Energy
Radiant Energy
Electrical Energy
Catalyst
August 17, 2010
• What is the difference between kinetic energy
and potential energy? Give two examples of
types of energy in each category.
• Today’s Objective:
– SWBAT apply knowledge of energy transfer and
transformation.
THURSDAY 09/22/11
Do Now
• Can one type of energy become another type
of energy? Explain your answer
• Homework:
– energy transformation worksheet
– Study for Quiz 1 Monday on the 7 forms of enery,
identifying energy in diagrams,
– Make sure you have your binder, dividers, lined
paper, and your marble notebook Monday!
Energy Transfer / Transformation
• Objective 1: SWBAT identify multiple (real life)
situations in which energy is used
• Objective 2: SWBAT compare two different
situations and explain how energy is being
transformed
Energy Transfer
• Energy Transfer:
Energy can be transferred from one location
to another, as in the sun's energy travels
through space to Earth. The two ways that
energy can be transferred are by doing work
and heat transfer.
Energy Transfer
• Energy transfer is the transfer of energy from
place to place. It does not change form, it just
moves.
– Ex: Heat can be transferred from hot water to cold water
just by connecting the two with a piece of wire.
Energy Transformation
• Energy transformation is the process of
changing energy from one form to another.
• This process is happening all the time, both in
the world and within people.
– When people consume food, the body utilizes the
chemical energy in the bonds of the food and
transforms it into mechanical energy, a new form
of chemical energy, or thermal energy.
Energy Transformation
• Energy transformation is an important
concept in the application of the physical
sciences.
– The ability for energy to be transformed
automates, lights, entertains, and warms the
world in an astounding multitude of ways.
Energy Transformation
• The concept of energy transformation can be
illustrated in a number of common activities.
– An engine, such as the engine in a car, converts
the chemical energy of gas and oxygen into the
mechanical energy of engine movement.
– A light bulb changes the chemical energy of the
bulb into electromagnetic radiation, or light.
Energy Transformation
– Windmills harness the energy of the wind and
convert it into mechanical energy in the
movement of the turbine blades, which is then
converted to electrical energy.
– Solar panels transform light to electricity.
Examples
• Gasoline is put into a car so that it can drive.
• The boy ate an orange and then rode his bike.
• The chicken was cooked over a fire.
Do Now
• What do you remember about energy transfer
and energy transformation?
• Homework:
– Energy transformation reading and questions
Gallery Walk
• With your group, go to your first poster that I
assign you to, then switch when I tell you.
• You will answer the question that the poster
asks- work together as a group!
– Energy Transformation
– Energy Transfer
– Difference between Energy Transfer and
Transformation (at your desks)
• Write your answers in your notes.
Practice
• Which energy transformation below describes the
conversion involved when the carbon compounds in
wood are burned?
A. Chemical energy is converted to thermal energy.
B. Thermal energy is converted to chemical energy.
C. Potential energy is converted into chemical energy.
D. Chemical energy is converted into potential energy.
Exit Slip
• Describe what is happening in terms of energy
transfer or energy transformation and
specifically what types of energy are involved.
– The sun hits a solar panel that provides energy to
a nearby building.
– The fire cooked the soup that was placed over it.