Download honors chemistry review: chapter 1-3

HONORS CHEMISTRY REVIEW: CHAPTER 1‐3 Part I. What is the difference between… • A Chemical and Physical change A chemical change will change the composition of matter, a physical change will not • A Mixture and a Substance A Mixture does not have definite composition and is made up of different types of atoms/molecules which have been mixed together; a substance has definite composition and is only made up of 1 type of molec/atom, a substance will be “one pure thing” • A Compound and an Element Both are ‘substances’ but compounds are made up of 1 type of molecule, and elements are made up of one type of atom • A Homogeneous and Heterogeneous mixture Homogeneous mixtures have only 1 phase, heterogeneous mixtures have 2 or more phases • An Intensive and Extensive property Intensive properties depend on/describe the type of matter, extensive properties depend on/ describe the amount of matter • Separating a Compound and a Mixture Compounds can be separated into elements w/ a chemical change (b/c it involves braking bonds), mixtures can be separated into substances w/ a physical change • An Atom, Bond and Molecule Bonds hold atoms together to form a molecule • A Reactant and a Product A reactant is what you begin a reaction with, and a product is what you get at the end of a reaction, the energy and mass of the reactant must equal that of the product Part II. What is an example of… • 5 physical changes you can do to a piece of paper rip it; cut it; fold it; write on it; crumble it • 5 chemical changes you can do to you pencil the wood can decay, it can be burned, it can react with an acid, the metal portion can rust • 3 intensive properties of your chemistry text book rectangular, solid, dense • 3 extensive properties of a bowling ball heavy, 8” radius, big • 4 clues that a chemical change took place Production of a gas, production of a precipitate, transfer of energy, change in color • A Reversible physical change Melting an ice cube (to reverse you re‐freeze) • An Irreversible chemical change Burning a piece of paper • An Irreversible physical change Cutting a piece of wood in half • A physical change that has a transfer of energy A cup of coffee cooling down • A physical change that has a production of a gas Boiling water • A chemical change that has change in color iron rusting • A chemical change that has a transfer of energy fireworks exploding Part III. What is the definition of… • The Law of Conservation of Mass, Mass (or matter) can never be created nor distroyed • Precipitate, when a solid forms in a liquid (almost always a result of a chemical change) • Matter, anything with mass & volume Part IV. What is/are the… • State(s) of matter with definite volume? Liquids and solids • State(s) of matter where atoms are moving very quickly? gas • State(s) of matter with indefinite shape? Gases and liquids • State(s) of matter with very lower energy? Solids • State(s) of matter with high heat content? Gases