Download Gravitational Force Name: Date: 1. What is the

Gravitational Force
Date:
Name:
1.
2.
What is the magnitude of the centripetal
acceleration of a 4-kilogram mass orbiting at
10 meters per second with a radius of 2 meters?
A.
5 m/sec2
B.
C.
80 m/sec2
D. 200 m/sec2
4.
50 m/sec2
5.
In the diagram shown, satellite S moves in a
circular orbit around the Earth (E). The direction
of the acceleration of the satellite is toward point
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
A student using a stopwatch nds that the time for
10 complete orbits of a ball on the end of a string
is 25 seconds. The period of the orbiting ball is
A.
25 sec
B.
2.0 sec
C.
2.5 sec
D. 5.0 sec
In order for a satellite to remain in orbit, the
satellite must have reached the required orbital
A.
velocity
B.
acceleration
C.
displacement
D. momentum
D. D
6.
3.
The diagram shows positions of a satellite as
it orbits the Earth. At which position will the
satellite achieve its highest velocity?
The gravitational force between two objects is
inversely proportional to
A.
mass squared
B.
distance squared
C.
mass
D. distance
A.
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A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
7.
The shape of natural orbits of satellites is best
described as being
A.
circular
B.
C.
elliptical
D. hyperbolic
10.
parabolic
11.
8.
The diagram here represents a mass of
1.0 kilogram traveling at 8.0 meters per second in
a circular path of radius 4.0 meters.
The orbit of the Moon around the Earth is
A.
circular
B.
parabolic
C.
hyperbolic
D. elliptical
The minimum velocity which a rocket must have
to leave the Earth's gravitational in uence is called
the
A.
orbital velocity
B.
escape velocity
C.
elliptical velocity
D. launching velocity
What is the centripetal acceleration of the object?
9.
A.
10 m/sec2
B.
C.
16 m/sec2
D. 4.0 m/sec2
12.
2.0 m/sec2
The diagram shown represents a mass of
10.0 kilograms traveling at a constant speed of
4 meters per second in a horizontal circular path
about point D.
If the mass of the object is doubled, the magnitude
of the centripetal force will be
A.
one-half as much
B.
twice as much
C.
one-fourth as much
D. four times as much
The centripetal acceleration of the satellite is
directed toward point
A.
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A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
Gravitational Force
13.
14.
15.
What is the magnitude of the centripetal
acceleration?
A.
1 m/sec2
B.
C.
40 m/sec2
D. 4 m/sec2
16.
10 m/sec2
If object O is moving in a uniform circular motion
around point P at constant speed, which vector
shown represents a centripetal force?
A.
B.
C.
D.
If the 10-kilogram mass is replaced with a greater
mass, the centripetal acceleration will
A.
decrease
C.
remain the same
B.
increase
Which diagram best represents a natural space
orbit?
17.
A.
B.
In the diagram shown, satellite S, which
continually emits a signal, orbits the Earth. For
reception to occur at point R on the Earth, the
satellite must be in position
A.
A
B.
C.
C
D. D
B
C.
D.
page 3
Gravitational Force
18.
19.
If the distance between a spaceship and the center
of the Earth is increased from one Earth radius to
4 Earth radii, the gravitational force acting on the
spaceship becomes approximately
A.
1
16
C.
16 times greater
as great
B.
1
4
21.
as great
The weight of the satellite on the Earth's surface
would be
A.
560 N
B.
980 N
C.
1,900 N
D. 3,900 N
D. 4 times greater
22.
The diagram represents a 4:0 102 -kilogram
satellite, S, in a circular orbit at an altitude of
5:0 106 meters. The orbital speeds of the satellite
is 6:0 103 meters per second and the radius of
the Earth, R, is 6:4 106 meters.
Which graph best represents the relationship
between the mass of an object and its distance
from the center of the Earth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The centripetal acceleration of the satellite shown
is closest to
A.
9.8 m/s2
B.
4.9 m/s2
C.
3.2 m/s2
D. 1.6 m/s2
23.
20.
If the altitude of the satellite decreased, its
centripetal acceleration would
Gravitational force of attraction F exists between
two point masses A and B when they are separated
by a xed distance. After mass A is tripled
and mass B is halved, the gravitational attraction
between the two masses is
A.
decrease
A.
C.
remain the same
B.
increase
page 4
1
6F
B.
2
3F
C.
3
2F
D. 6F
Gravitational Force
24.
A satellite orbits the Earth in a circular orbit.
Which statement best explains why the satellite
does not move closer to the center of the Earth?
A.
The gravitational eld of the Earth does not
reach the satellite's orbit.
B.
The Earth's gravity keeps the satellite moving
with constant velocity.
C.
The satellite is always moving perpendicularly
to the force due to gravity.
26.
If the Earth were twice as massive as it is now,
then the gravitational force between it and the Sun
would be
A.
the same
B.
twice as great
C.
half as great
D. four times as great
D. The satellite does not have any weight.
27.
25.
In the diagrams shown, P represents a planet
and S represents the Sun. Which best represents
the path of planet P as it orbits the Sun? [The
diagrams are not drawn to scale.]
A.
What is the gravitational force of attraction
between a planet and a 17-kilogram mass that is
freely falling toward the surface of the planet at
8.8 meters per second2 ?
A.
150 N
B.
8.8 N
C.
1.9 N
D. 0.52 N
B.
28.
C.
When a satellite is a distance d from the center of
the Earth, the force due to gravity on the satellite
is F. What would be the force due to gravity on
the satellite when its distance from the center of
the Earth is 3d ?
A.
D.
page 5
F
B.
F
9
C.
F
3
D. 9F
Gravitational Force
29.
In which diagram do the arrows best represent the
path of a satellite in a geosynchronous orbit?
Note:
30.
gures not drawn to scale
The data table shown gives the mean radius of
orbit R and the period T of some planets orbiting
the Sun.
Which ratio is constant for these planets?
A.
Planet
Mercury
Venus
Mean Radius
of Orbit (R)
( 106 km)
58
Orbital
Period (T)
(days)
150
365
Earth
Mars
B.
A.
R
T
B.
88
108
225
228
687
R2
T
C.
R2
T2
D.
R3
T2
C.
D.
page 6
Gravitational Force
31.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the passage and data table blelow
32.
The net force on a planet is due
primarily to the other planets and the Sun.
By taking into account all the forces acting
on a planet, investigators calculated the orbit
of each planet.
A small discrepancy between the
calculated orbit and the observed orbit of the
planet Uranus was noted. It appeared that the
sum of the forces on Uranus did not equal
its mass times its acceleration, unless there
was another force on the planet that was not
included in the calculation. Assuming that
this force was exerted by an unobserved
planet, two scientists working independently
calculated where this unknown planet must
be in order to account for the discrepancy.
Astronomers pointed their telescopes in the
predicted direction and found the planet we
now call Neptune.
The diagram below represents Neptune, Uranus,
and the Sun in a straight line. Neptune is
1:63 1012 meters from Uranus.
Calculate the magnitude of the interplanetary force
of attraction between Uranus and Neptune at this
point. [Show all work, including the equation and
substitution with units.]
Data Table
Mass of the Sun
1:99
Mass of Uranus
8:73
Mass of Neptune
1:03
Mean distance of Uranus to the Sun
2:87
Mean distance of Neptune to the Sun
4:50
1030 kg
1025 kg
1026 kg
1012 m
1012 m
What fundamental force is the author referring to
in this passage as a force between planets?
33.
page 7
The magnitude of the force the Sun exerts on
Uranus is 1:41 1021 newtons. Explain how it is
possible for the Sun to exert a greater force on
Uranus than Neptune exerts on Uranus.
Gravitational Force
34.
The accompanying graph shows the relationship
between the elongation of a spring and the force
applied to the spring causing it to stretch.
35.
The accompanying graph shows elongation as a
function of the applied force for two springs, A
and B.
What is the spring constant for this spring?
A.
0.020 N/m
B.
2.0 N/m
C.
25 N/m
D. 50. N/m
Compared to the spring constant for spring A, the
spring constant for spring B is
A.
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smaller
B.
larger
C.
the same
Gravitational Force