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TEST NAME: Reconstruction Test
TEST ID: 1377347
GRADE: 11 - Eleventh Grade
SUBJECT: Social Sciences and History
TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom
Reconstruction Test
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12/12/16, Reconstruction Test
Student:
Class:
Date:
1. Use information from the excerpt to answer the question.
When Andrew Johnson took upon himself the duties of his high office he swore to obey the
Constitution and take care that the laws be faithfully executed. That, indeed, is and has always been
the chief duty of the President of the United States. The duties of legislation and adjudicating [judging]
the laws of his country fall in no way to his lot. To obey the commands of the sovereign power of the
nation, and to see that others should obey them, was his whole duty—a duty which he could not
escape, and any attempt to do so would be in direct violation of his official oath. . . . I accuse him, in
the name of the House of Representatives, of having perpetrated [committed] that foul offense against
the laws and interests of his country.
—Representative Thaddeus Stevens, from his closing argument in President Johnson’s impeachment,
1868
Analyze how the political conflict between President Andrew Johnson and the Radical
Republicans led to his impeachment. On what issue did they disagree, and what action of
President Johnson was considered an impeachable offense? Use details to support your
analysis.
2. Read this excerpt.
I, ABRAHAM LINCOLN, President of the United States, do proclaim . . . all persons who have, directly
or by implication, participated in the existing rebellion . . . that a full pardon is hereby granted to them
and each of them, with restoration of all rights of property, except as to slaves . . . upon the condition
that every such person shall take and subscribe an oath [of loyalty]. . . .
And . . . in any of the States of Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama,
Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, and North Carolina, a number of persons, not less than one tenth in
number of the votes cast in such state at the presidential election of the year . . . [1860], each having
taken the oath . . . shall re-establish a state government. . . .
—The Proclamation on Amnesty and Reconstruction, 1863
Identify two advantages of President Lincoln’s approach to Reconstruction, and two reasons why
Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln’s approach to Reconstruction. Use specific evidence to
explain your answer.
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3. Use the chart below to answer the question.
Texas during Reconstruction
• The 13th Amendment abolished slavery.
• Texas plantation owners had very little cash.
• A new system of labor was necessary for
farming.
How did Texas address the labor problems described above?
A.
Farmers began to recruit workers from northern cities.
B.
Freed slaves began sharecropping in Texas.
C.
Local leaders began hiring temporary workers from Europe.
D.
Texas repealed child labor laws that were in effect during the war.
4. Which statement is most accurate about individuals known as scalawags?
A.
They were predominantly the owners of large plantations in the South.
B.
They were predominantly free blacks living in the South.
C.
They were often politicians in the pre-Civil War South.
D.
They were often supporters of the Republican Party in the South.
5. What was a primary goal of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1860s?
A.
to run third-party candidates in southern elections
B.
to do away with the plantation economy in the South
C.
to support reconstruction efforts in southern states
D.
to intimidate Republican voters in the South
6. Use the excerpt below to answer the question.
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States
or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
—15th Amendment to the United States Constitution
Which group was excluded from the rights guaranteed by this amendment?
A.
naturalized citizens
B.
southerners
C.
freed slaves
D.
women
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7. Use the information below to answer the question.
• Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War
• Sought financial gain through business ventures
• Appointed or elected to political offices as Republicans
The information above is most closely associated with which group?
A.
Scalawags
B.
Carpetbaggers
C.
KKK members
D.
Know-Nothing Party
8. In its 1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, the Supreme Court ruled that African Americans were
not United States citizens. What action was taken after the Civil War in response to this Supreme
Court decision?
A.
Congress impeached the justices who made the ruling.
B.
The Supreme Court’s power of judicial review was limited.
C.
The 14th Amendment recognized the citizenship of African Americans.
D.
Justices considered court decisions made before the Civil War to be invalid.
9. In 1820, the Missouri Compromise included provisions to ban slavery in some federal territories.
The Supreme Court overturned those provisions in its Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling in 1857. How
did Congress eventually overrule the Supreme Court’s decision?
A.
It asked state courts to uphold the provisions.
B.
It impeached the justices who made the ruling.
C.
It rejected the ruling with a two-thirds majority vote.
D.
It passed the 13th Amendment to make slavery illegal.
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10. Use the list below to answer the question that follows.
Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
• new state constitutions had to provide for universal male suffrage
• new state constitutions had to be approved by a majority of registered voters
• states had to ratify the 14th Amendment
What was the main purpose of these requirements?
A.
to gain political support from advocates of states’ rights
B.
to specify how former states of the Confederacy could rejoin the Union
C.
to make it more difficult for newly freed slaves to enjoy the rights of citizenship
D.
to recognize the constitutions ratified by Southern states during the Confederacy
11. Use the table to answer the question that follows.
African Americans in Congress, 1869 – 1881
Congress
Number of
Congressmen
1869 – 71
3
1871 – 73
5
1873 – 75
7
1875 – 77
8
1877 – 79
4
1879 – 81
1
What best explains the trend shown in the table?
A.
African Americans leaders left public office to focus on business opportunities.
B.
African Americans were barred from holding public office after Reconstruction.
C.
African Americans had more political opportunities while Reconstruction lasted.
D.
African Americans voters decreased as more people began migrating to the North.
12. Which event facilitated the end of Reconstruction in the South?
A.
the assassination of Abraham Lincoln
B.
the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1875
C.
the impeachment of Andrew Johnson
D.
the Compromise of 1877
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13. Which action describes one role of the Freedmen’s Bureau during Reconstruction?
A.
promoting industrial development to reduce sectional differences
B.
financing western migration for immigrants
C.
investigating war crimes committed by the Confederacy
D.
providing social services like schools and hospitals
14. Which amendment extended voting rights to former slaves?
A.
1st Amendment
B.
15th Amendment
C.
19th Amendment
D.
26th Amendment
15. Which Constitutional amendment ensures that federal laws apply equally to all people?
A.
1st Amendment
B.
2nd Amendment
C.
14th Amendment
D.
19th Amendment
16. Use the table below to answer the question.
Post-Civil War Events
Date
November 1876 January 1877
Event
Election of 1876 results disputed.
March 1877
April 1877
?
Federal troops left former Confederate states.
Which action best completes the table of events?
A.
A Congressional compromise was reached to end Reconstruction
B.
The Congress overturned a presidential veto
C.
The Supreme Court impeached the president
D.
A Supreme Court case ruled that segregation was constitutional
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17. In 1865, Southern
A.
whites rapidly turned their slaves into paid employees
B.
blacks everywhere turned in anger and revenge against their former masters
C.
blacks often begin traveling to test their freedom, search for family members, and seek economic
opportunity
D.
blacks looked to the federal government for help
18. The Freedman's Bureau was established to do all of the following except
A.
act as a kind of welfare agency
B.
provide food, clothing, and medical care to slave refugees
C.
relocate blacks West or force them into labor contracts with former masters
D.
provide education that would close the gap between whites and blacks
19. The controversy surrounding the Wade-Davis Bill and the process of admitting the southern states back
into the Union demonstrated
A.
the deep differences between President Lincoln and Congress
B.
the close ties that were developing between President Lincoln and the Democrats
C.
President Lincoln's desire for a harsh reconstruction plan
D.
that a Congressional majority believed that the South had never legally left the Union
20. Radical congressional Reconstruction finally ended when
A.
the South accepted the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
B.
the last federal troops were removed from the South in 1877
C.
President Johnson was not reelected in 1868
D.
blacks showed they could defend their rights without federal intervention
21. Higher taxes, the Depression of 1873, and violence/intimidation are all reasons why
A.
Abraham Lincoln was assassinated
B.
Radical Republicans lost support for their harsh plan for Reconstruction
C.
Andrew Johnson decided to create a harsh plan for Reconstruction
D.
Andrew Johnson lost support for his lenient plan for Reconstruction
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22. Which of the following statements is true regarding black codes?
A.
Black codes allowed freed slaves to have greater access to education
B.
Black codes allowed freed slaves to be arrested for many pointless offences
C.
Black codes prevented the passage of the 13th Amendment
D.
Black codes restricted the rights of former slave owners
23. Why did the Radical Republicans want to put the South under military control during Reconstruction?
A.
The Union Army could discipline former Confederate leaders
B.
The Union Army could distribute land to former slaves
C.
The Union Army could make sure that the South was following the new federal laws and amendments
D.
The Union Army could seize the weapons used by the Confederate Army during the war
24. Why did former slaves never receive the "40 acres and a mule" that they were promised?
A.
President Johnson pardoned the former Confederates and allowed them to reclaim their plantations
B.
Former slaves moved north and decided not to accept free land in the South
C.
The 13th Amendment did not allow freed slaves to become landowners
D.
President Johnson decided to use the vacant land in the South to begin industrializing and building
factories
25. What was the true purpose of the South's "literacy tests" after Reconstruction?
A.
To prevent illiterate citizens from voting
B.
To prevent poor whites and blacks from voting Republican
C.
To prevent poor whites and blacks from becoming landowners
D.
To prevent blacks from attending schools
26. After Reconstruction ended what did the term "Solid South" refer to?
A.
The way the South farmed consistently
B.
The way the South organized their labor consistently
C.
The way the South's economy was structured
D.
The way the South voted consistently
E.
The way Southerners looked after eating a consistent diet of biscuits and gravy, fried everything, and sweat
tea
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27. Why did many former slaves turn to sharecropping after gaining their freedom?
A.
They did not want the responsibility of owning land
B.
They wanted to maintain relationships with former masters
C.
They did not have enough money to buy land of their own
D.
They wanted to remain in the South, close to where they were born
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