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WHI Byzantine Empire World History; Voorhees Byzantine Empire and Russia The Eastern Roman Empire lives on! western half Western Roman Empire Western Empire eastern half Byzantine Empire Byzantium is renamed Constantinople The Eastern Roman Empire lives on as the Byzantine Empire Empire too big! Issues- economic, military, moral, and political Barbarians Capital moved east By 500 AD (CE), the Western Roman Empire is dead Constantinople- 330 AD (CE) becomes capital of Roman Empire o Constantine- 1st Roman o emperor to convert to Christianity o Location of Constantinople protection of the eastern frontier farther away from barbarians crossroads of trade easily fortified site on a peninsula o Role of Constantinople o seat of the Byzantine Empire until Ottoman conquest o preserved classical Greco-Roman culture (Greco-Roman= Greece and Roman) o center of trade Byzantine Emperor Justinian o Justinian I Codification of Roman law impact on European legal codes Re-conquest of former Roman territories Expansion of trade Empire wealthy from trade o Constantinople= huge trade center o Mediterranean Sea- > Black Sea World History Voorhees 2016 Division between Western and Eastern Churches o Eastern Church= Orthodox (Greek Orthodox/ Eastern Orthodox) Centered in Constantinople Close to seat of power after Constantinople became capital Use of Greek language in the liturgy Authority of the Patriarch accepted in the East o Western Church= Roman Catholic (Catholicism) Authority of the Pope eventually accepted in the West Practices such as celibacy eventually accepted in the West Byzantine achievements in art and architecture o Inspiration provided by Christian religion and imperial power o Icons (religious images) o Mosaics in public and religious structures o Hagia Sophia- Byzantine domed church built by emperor Justinian I o Greco-Roman traditions Greek language Greek Orthodox Christianity Greek and Roman knowledge preserved in Byzantine libraries o Influenced Eastern Europe and Russia Trade routes between Black Sea and Baltic Sea Adoption of Orthodox Christianity by Russia and much of Eastern Europe Adoption of Greek alphabet to the Slavic languages by St. Cyril (Cyrillic alphabet) Cyrillic alphabet world distribution Church architecture and religious art Byzantine Empire- Decline and Fall o First Crusade 1096- 99 o Islam occupies Jerusalem o Western Europe responded with the First Crusade o Italian merchant cities gained control of much of the empire's commerce and wealth o Crusaders plunder Constantinople o OTTOMAN CONQUEST: Ottoman Turks conquer remnants of Byzantine Empire Finally- Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople 1453 The Byzantine Empire is dead World History Voorhees 2016