Download (9) Force, motion, and energy - 2010

(9) Force, motion, and energy. The student knows that the Law of Conservation of
Energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it just changes form.
The student is expected to
(C) demonstrate energy transformations such as energy in a flashlight
battery changes from chemical energy to electrical energy to light
energy.
Relate all energy transformations to the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Diagram and identify energy transformation with arrows indicating the
flow.
1. Below is a diagram that shows how a hydroelectric dam uses water to produce the
electricity to light our homes and schools.
Which list below shows the correct flow of energy through the dam?
A water, generator, turbine, electric light
B water, turbine, generator, electric light
C water, dam, turbine, electric light
D dam, turbine, generator, electric light
2. Energy transformations occur in many different ways. Which of the examples given is
an example of chemical energy transforming into heat and light?
A eating an apple and then running
B using a gas lantern
C sunlight shining on a thermometer
D fire boiling soup
3. Batteries are a special container with two sections. Each section holds a different
chemical. When a battery is not connected to anything, it stores chemical energy.
When a battery is put into a machine, the chemical energy is changed into another form.
What form does it most likely change into?
A thermal
B kinetic
C magnetic
D electrical
4. Finn has a toy airplane he likes to play with after school. The airplane has a plastic
propeller connected to a rubber band. Turning the propeller several times stores energy in
the rubber band. When Finn lets it go, the propeller spins and the toy airplane flies
through the air.
Which statement below best describes the type of energy transformation that makes the
plane fly?
A mechanical energy to electrical energy
B electrical energy to mechanical energy
C kinetic energy to potential energy
D potential energy to kinetic energy
5. Grant sat down to watch football on a Sunday afternoon. He turned on the television
and moved the dial to the correct channel. What flow of energy makes it possible for
Grant to know what is happening at the football stadium?
A electricity is turned into light and heat
B electricity is turned into sound and light
C heat energy is turned into light and sound
D light and sound energy are turned into electricity
6. Yolanda was sleepy after school. When she came home, she ate an apple. After a little
while, Yolanda was ready to go out and play in the park with her friends. Why was
Yolanda no longer sleepy?
A She was excited to see her friends.
B She took a nap and rested.
C The energy from the apple was used up by Yolanda’s body.
D The energy from the apple was absorbed into Yolanda’s body.
7. Jackie was to have toast with her eggs at breakfast. She puts the bread into the toaster
and turns it on. How does energy flow to allow Jackie’s toast to turn brown?
A heat energy travels through the wires and cooks the bread
B electricity is turned into heat and cooks the bread
C electricity is turned into light that cooks the bread
D heat energy is turned into electricity and cooks the bread
8. Joseph’s class went to the local botanical garden for a field trip on a bright day. There
was a special greenhouse for tropical plants that the class visited. When they entered the
greenhouse, all the students noticed how hot it was inside. Why was the greenhouse so
hot inside?
A The Sun’s light also creates heat that gets trapped in the greenhouse.
B The heaters inside the greenhouse were on very high.
C The thermal energy stored in the stone floor released too much heat.
D The heat from all the people visiting the greenhouse raised the temperature.
9. A stereo has a volume control button on it. Jason turns the volume up to maximum so
he can hear his favorite tune. Which type of energy increases when Jason turns the
volume button up?
A radiant energy
B mechanical energy
C electrical energy
D sound energy
10. The wheel and axle is a simple machine used in many different ways. Water wheels
in many parts of the world are used to create electricity and perform other tasks.
Which of the following forces allows the water wheel to work?
A electrical
B magnetic
C tensional
D gravitational
11. Look closely at the answer choices below. Which simple machine requires a form of
electrical energy to work?
A
B
C
D
12. Look closely at the picture of the living room below.
Which of the objects in the living room give off both light and heat energy?
A speakers and sofa
B television and speakers
C sofa and lights
D television and lights
13. Most portable CD players run on batteries. Which energy transformation is occurring
when a portable CD player is playing music?
A Chemical energy is transformed into light energy.
B Sound energy is transformed into mechanical energy.
C Heat energy is transformed into chemical energy.
D Chemical energy is transformed into sound energy
14. The inside of a clock has a wheel and axle, just as on a bicycle. The wheels turn
every second so that the clock can keep the correct time. What type of energy operates a
clock?
A electricity
B gravity
C magnetic
D solar
15. Patsy has lots of plants in her bedroom because she thinks they look pretty. Her
favorite plants come from tropical parts of the world, where there is a lot of sunlight and
moisture. The plants that Patsy has live very well in her bedroom because it has big
windows. What forms of energy does the Sun give off that make the plants in Patsy’s
room healthy?
A light and sound
B heat and light
C sound and wind
D wind and nuclear
16. A 12-volt battery is tested to see how efficient it is by placing it in a flashlight and
measuring the amount of light produced. It is found that only 9 volts of energy are
converted to light energy. What happened to the remaining 3 volts?
A It is converted to heat energy.
B It is converted to chemical energy.
C It is converted to kinetic energy.
D It is converted to potential energy.
17. Which energy transformation occurs when wood logs are burning in a fireplace?
A. electrical energy → heat energy
B. chemical energy → light energy
C. light energy → heat energy
D. heat energy → chemical energy
18. What always happens when an energy transformation occurs?
A. Energy is created.
B. Energy is destroyed.
C. The total amount of energy remains the same.
D. One form of energy changes into more than one other form of energy.
19. Which form of energy is always generated whenever an energy transformation takes
place?
A. electrical energy
B. light energy
C. heat energy
D. nuclear energy
20. All consumers, including humans, depend on plants for their energy needs. Plants use
radiant or light energy to make foods that consumers eat. What type of energy is stored in
foods as a result of this energy transformation?
A. heat energy
B. chemical energy
C. electrical energy
D. thermal energy
21. Which of the following correctly shows how energy is transformed in a light bulb?
A. electrical energy → light energy + chemical energy
B. electrical energy → heat energy + light energy
C. heat energy → electrical energy + light energy
D. heat energy → sound energy + electrical energy
22. What form of energy do you use to supply the energy you need to ride a bicycle?
A. heat energy
B. electrical energy
C. radiant energy
D. chemical energy
23. What energy transformation is shown in this illustration?
A. sound energy → chemical energy → electrical energy
B. chemical energy → electrical energy → sound energy
C. electrical energy → sound energy → chemical energy
D. chemical energy → sound energy → electrical energy
24. Which situation involves a transformation of electrical energy to sound energy?
A. Coal is burned in a stove.
B. A light bulb is turned on.
C. The alarm clock wakes you up for school.
D. Batteries are being recharged.
25. Which sequence of energy transformations occurs after a battery-operated
flashlight is turned on?
(a) electrical light chemical
(b) electrical chemical light
(c) chemical light electrical
(d) chemical electrical light