Download GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet Skills for

GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Skills for Effective Performance
Students should understand the skills and personal qualities that enable people
to be effective in different roles.
Administrative and management skills
• Planning and showing initiative and innovation
• Monitoring and evaluation
• Attending to detail
• Commitment to high standards of care
• Organising, arranging, coordinating and supervising events, facilities,
personnel and time.
Communication and inter-personal skills
• Use of appropriate terminology/language
• Listening and responding to users
• Reacting and adapting to trends and changing situations
• Team working, including cooperation, adaptability and delegation
• Persuading, advising and influencing colleagues and customers
• Non-verbal communication including demonstrations, signals, gestures
• Verbal communication including volume, clarity, intonation, projection
• Control and presence – ability to gain and maintain the individual/group’s
attention
• Personal qualities.
Example Questions

State two administrative and management skills required and explain how
each skill would enable an individual to run a league successfully.

Other than non-verbal communication, name two communication and
interpersonal skills that an effective coach should have.

Explain the non-verbal communication skills required to be an
effective coach.

Explain why a coach should use appropriate verbal communication
when coaching beginners.

Identify two examples of non-verbal communication and
explain how a coach could use these when coaching beginners.
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Fitness Testing
Students should know the methods of testing aspects of fitness to establish
current levels and monitor/measure performance.
Fitness component
and test
Flexibility – sit and
reach test
Cardiovascular
endurance – Cooper
12 minute run, multistage fitness test
Strength – hand grip
dynamometer
Agility – Illinois
agility test
Co-ordination –
alternate hand ball
throw
Balance – stork stand
Power – standing
broad jump/vertical
jump
Reaction time – ruler
drop test.
Equipment, method and the recording of results
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Example Questions

Explain why fitness testing is important before beginning a training
programme.

Describe the multi-stage fitness test and explain how it could be used to
monitor the fitness of a performer.

Name and describe a test that can be used to measure power.

Describe the Illinois agility test.

Describe the stork stand test and explain how it could be used to improve
performance in a physical activity.

How would you monitor the improvements of fitness testing?
Ways in which increased flexibility can improve performance
 Sprinting, increased stride length,
 Trampolining/diving moves, executed with greater form and style
Other examples...
Ways of improving flexibility
Type of
stretch
Static
stretching
Active
stretching
Passive
stretching
Description
Examples
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Means of improving muscular endurance
Sit-ups, Chin-ups, Press-ups...
Other examples...
The different types of strength required for different activities
Types of
Strength
Static strength
Definition
Explosive
strength
Dynamic
strength
Ways of improving muscular strength
Weight training examples –
Sporting example
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Training and preparation
Applying the knowledge and understanding of exercise/training programmes to
improve performance generally, or to improve a particular aspect of
performance
Principles of Training - SPORT
Principle of training
S
P
O
R
T
How this can be applied
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
A training session appropriate for a named activity and age of an individual with
explanations as to why content has been included
Training session for...
Activities
Warm-up
Fitness
training
Skill
development
Cool down
Reasons
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
A training programme appropriate for a named activity and age of an individual
with explanations as to why content has been included
Training programme for...
Phase
Out of
season
Pre-season
Early
season
Peak
season
Activities
Reasons
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
FIT principle (frequency, intensity, time) – applying this principle
Frequency –
Intensity –
Time –
Training Methods
Training
Method
Weight
Fartlek
Interval
Circuit
Continuous
Description – How to do it and what fitness component it improves.
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Example Questions

How does weight training improve performance?

Describe what is meant by ‘interval training’. Using your knowledge of
training zones and the principles of training, explain how interval training
can be used to improve performance in a 100 metre race.

Plan and describe an appropriate training programme for a games player.
Include all the relevant principles of training, except training zones.
Skill Acquisition
Preparing a performer in skill acquisition, correct technique, correct physical
state or correct mental state
Characteristics of a skilful performance
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How skills are acquired and developed 





Trial and error
Copying
Demonstrations
Role models
Practice
Rehearsal
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Types of skill – simple definitions of open and closed and appropriate examples
Type of skill
Open skill
Definition
Example in a sporting situation
Closed skill
Types of guidance – Visual, Verbal, Manual
Define each type of guidance and describe how guidance can impact on skill
acquisition/improve performance
Types of
guidance
Visual
Verbal
Manual
Definition
Example
How can this type of
guidance improve
performance?
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Types of feedback – intrinsic knowledge of performance and extrinsic
knowledge of results
Type of
feedback
Intrinsic
feedback
Definition
Extrinsic
feedback
Effective feedback
Example
Knowledge of
Performance
Knowledge of results
Ineffective feedback
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Types of practice – whole, part, fixed, variable.
Type of Definition
practice
Whole
Part
Fixed
Variable
Example in sport
What type of skill is
the practice most
suited to and why?
(Open or Closed)
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Example Questions

What is visual guidance?

Describe an example of visual guidance that could be used when
learning a skill of your choice.

Explain when and how your example in the question above is a helpful
form of guidance.

Describe what is meant by an open skill.

Give an example of an open skill from a named activity.

Which type of practice would be most beneficial for improving an
open skill?

Name a basic skill/technique/movement from a sport/activity of
your choice and describe how you would teach it to a beginner.

Explain what is meant by 'feedback' in terms of acquiring skill.
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Lifestyle Choices
Diet
Applying the knowledge and understanding of a balanced diet to improve
performance when taking part in physical activities.
What is a balanced diet?
NUTRIENT
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Vitamins & Minerals
Water
Fibre
ROLE WITHIN THE
BODY
FOODS IT CAN BE FOUND
IN
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Eating disorder/dietary
problem
Definition
Affect on day-to-day life
Anorexia
Obesity
Malnutrition
How can a sportsperson’s diet help to improve their performance?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
When to eat – Basic guidelines
•
•
•
Before Activity – at least two hours before to allow the food to digest
and the energy to be absorbed by the body for use in the activity.
During Activity – something light e.g. a banana and energy drinks when
performing over long periods of time to keep glucose levels up.
After Activity – wait two hours before eating a large meal.
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Diets to improve performance
Type of diet
Type of event (endurance
Explanation of how the
or strength) & examples of diet is
sports the diet is for
controlled/performed
Carboloading
High protein diet
Example Questions

How does knowledge of food and nutrients help to improve performance?

Explain how a balanced diet can help to improve an athlete's performance.

Name three nutrients that are important in a performer’s diet and
explain how each may help to improve performance in training and in
competition.

If a performer does not have a balanced diet, they may experience
problems. Name and describe a problem and state how this problem
might have been caused.

Describe a suitable meal for a long distance runner the night before
a fun run.

What is the role of protein and carbohydrates in the body?

Name and describe a specific diet that can be used to enhance the
performance of a weight lifter.
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet

Name and describe a suitable diet that can be used by a marathon
runner.

Explain how Jo’s knowledge of food and nutrition could be used to
improve her performance in swimming.
Activity choices
Reasons for choosing different types of activities:
•
Enjoyment
•
•
•
•
•
Company
Maintain/improve fitness
Social benefits
Improve health
Sense of achievement
•
Relaxation/mental benefits
•
Excitement
These may be dependent upon gender, peers, family, somatotype, ethnicity etc.
Students should relate these to themselves/class members/family/friends.
Appropriate choice of activity, depending on:
•
•
•
Age
Physical maturity
Fitness levels
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Identify how components of fitness may change with age
Fitness
Component
Strength
Speed
Flexibility
Cardiovascular
endurance
Muscular
endurance
Power
Reaction-time
Timing
Agility
Balance
Co-ordination
How is this fitness component affected by age?
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Example Questions

Explain why swimming is an appropriate physical activity for a healthy 65year-old person.

Other than an improvement to fitness, give two reasons why an individual
and their family would benefit from becoming members of a local health
club.
State and explain three reasons why someone would want to participate
in a physical activity.

You have been asked to recommend a sporting activity for a Year 7
student. Name four factors that you should take into account before
giving your recommendation.
Risk Assessment and Safe Practice
•
•
•
Safe condition of the environment/playing area (indoor and outdoor)
Lifting, carrying and placing equipment safely
Awareness of appropriate safety precautions/rules of a governing body
(if applicable)
First aid and emergency arrangements
What general safety precautions to you put in place before taking part of
leading/officiating physical activity?
If there was an accident or an emergency within an activity, what First Aid
arrangements would you carry out?
Identify potential risks/hazards in the locations below. What safety checks
would you complete?
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Location
Potential risks/hazards
Safety checks to be carried out to
minimise risk
Pitches
Courts
Sports hall
Swimming
pool
Astro-turf
Correct technique when performing a skill/activity and/or when landing
What is the correct technique for carrying or moving heavy equipment?
1.
2.
3.
4.
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Appropriate clothing and footwear (including protective clothing & footwear)
for particular activities
Football
Weight Lifting
Trampoline
Kayaking
Athletics
Basketball
Cricket
Hockey
Rock climbing
The importance of warming up/down to prevent injury
Explain the importance of a warm-up and cool down as part of a training session
making particular reference to the following…








The effect on body temperature
The range of movement increasing
The gradual increase of effort to full pace
Psychological preparation
The practice of movement skills through the whole range of movement
Allowing the body to recover, including the removal of lactic acid to
prevent soreness/stiffness later
Preventing injury
Improving performance
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Knowledge of common injuries associated with different activities and actions
that should be taken
Joint and muscle injuries (strains and sprains, pulled muscles, dislocations) and
soft tissue injuries (cuts and bruises)
Common Injuries
1. Fractures – break or crack in the bone
2. Joint injuries – dislocation, torn cartilage
3. Muscle and soft tissue injuries – bruising, cuts, grazes, pulls/strains, sprains
Joint, muscle and soft tissue injuries



Joint injuries (e.g. dislocation, torn cartilage)
Muscle injuries (strains, sprains)
Soft tissue injuries (bruising, cuts/grazes)
Dangerous Conditions
Concussion – a head injury that occurs when the brain has been severely shaken
inside the cranium/skull.
Hypothermia – core body temperature is too low, drops to 35 degrees
(freezing).
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Injury or
dangerous
condition
Fractures
Dislocation
Torn cartilage
Bruises
Cuts and grazes
Pulls and
strains
Sprains
Concussion
Hypothermia
How it occurs in physical
activity
What action should be
taken?
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
The principles of RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)
When injuries occur you should apply
RICE
GCSE PE Unit 5 content – Double Award Revision Booklet
Example Questions

Explain how appropriate clothing can help to ensure the safety of an
individual in a named physical activity.

State and explain two different ways in which using the correct
technique when performing a skill helps to ensure safe practice.

Explain why you would use the principles of RICE to treat a pulled muscle.

State three symptoms of someone who is suffering from concussion.

State how a fracture can be recognised.

Give an example of a rule from a physical activity of your choice and
clearly explain how the rule attempts to prevent injury.

Explain how technique and equipment can be used to reduce the risk of
injury when landing a skill from a height.

Explain how injuries may be prevented by warming up before participating
in any physical activity.

State why a leader needs to complete a risk assessment.
Explain one potential environmental hazard that might be identified
before taking part in physical activity.

State four safety measures that should be considered when lifting and
moving heavy sports equipment.

Other than warming up, name three safety precautions you should take
before starting a weight training session.

Explain what is meant by 'hypothermia'. Describe the actions to be taken
when someone is suffering from hypothermia.

Name three potential hazards that performers may face during the
athletics competition.

Explain what is meant by Dislocation and Sprain