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April 22, 1969 w. c. MOORE ET AL 3,439,978 sTaEAK RETINoscoPE > Filed Aug. 27. 1965 lak`54 - 32 l 45 'I I 46 68 '3o í'rïa’m es // I 29\/ ï--Jçw «- - „- II 2B: I. ¿_Í' \\\":1:| 50^ 2,9 IL_GS f' 23M i \ 33 I3 43 ‘ | | 24 I ^ 3e 35 II - 27 _I 42 3o 4o ' I nu x fr 40d \ \ [è l l2e X. 29 '1I IIK; 2g _I L- \ 27 I7 s \ Te IQn |91 | \ IQb fig. :_7 INVENToR. WILLIAM C. MOORE Y WILLIAM S. PILGRIM United States Patent O l ÀCC 3,439,978 Patented Apr. 22, 1969 Z Another important object of the invention is to pro 3,439,978 vide a streak retinoscope having a single control means William C. Moore, Skaneateles, and William S. Pilgrim, for focusing the streak and providing 360° rotatability of STREAK RETINOSCOPE Port Byron, N.Y., assignors to Welch Allyn, Inc., Skaneateles Falls, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Aug. 27, 1965, Ser. No. 483,230 firmly held in place, once adjusted. A further object is to provide such control means in a retinoscope which has a head easily adjusted angularly Int. Cl. A61b 3/10 U.S. Cl. 351-6 the streak which control means is easy to manipulate and 6 Claims with respect to the control means. A still further object is to provide a retinoscope having 10 easily identified target spots on the distal side thereof for ABSTRACT 0F THE DISCLOSURE catching and securing the patient’s attention. Still another object is to provide a retinoscope having A streak retinoscope handle is secured to the reduced a viewing lens that is easily replaceable according to the neck of a hea-d by a nut bearing against a split ring in a physician’s requirements. groove around the neck. A sleeve manipulatable axially Other objects and advantages will become -apparent and rotatably through handle slots carries a lamp for il 15 from the following description in conjunction with the luminating a lens and mirror in the head. Spring contacts connect one lamp terminal to one side of -a handle elec appended drawing, in which: FIGURE l is a side elevational view of -a retinoscope tric source, the other terminal being connected to the according to the invention; other side by insulated means includingr a coil spring FIGURE ,2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view axially of the freely rotatable sleeve. Fiber bundles carry 20 of the lamp control portion of the handle thereof; light to distal fixation targets and the viewing lens holder FIGURE 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the head is removable for corrective lens replacement. ____ This invention relates to a retinoscope and more par ticularly to a streak retinoscope in which a streak or bar portion thereof on a smaller scale; FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary side elevational View, on 25 the same scale as FIGURE 3, partly in section, of the por tion shown in FIGURE 2 rotated 90°; and FIGURE 5 is a proximal side elevational view of the of light can be focused and continuously adjusted at any 4head portion, partly broken away for clarity. angle a full 360° about the horizontal or vertical by a In the drawings, the retinoscope 10 comprises a conven single control member in the handle of the instrument. 30 tional power handle 11, a control portion handle-extension Streak retinoscopy, as distinguished from spot retinos 12, and a head 13. copy, has certain advantages in measuring the refractive Handle 11 is shown as -a cord handle, the cord 14 be state of the eye, not only in determining the axis of ing adapted to carry low voltage current to conventional astigmatism, but also in detecting and measuring hyperopia terminals in the handle. Alternatively, a battery handle and myopia. In streak retinoscopy a streak or bar of 35 having its own batteries for supplying current for the light, as distinguished from a spot of light, is focused at lamp may be used. the eye. For efficient examination, the streak should be The control portion handle extension 12 has Áa metal easily controllable by the physician for focusing the outer sleeve member 15 provided at its lower end with a streak at the ldesired distance and the size and angular dis threaded boss 16 adapted to be screwed into the internal position of the streak must also be readily controllable. 40 threads of one terminal of the socket-type end of power Retinoscopy requires that the streak be rotatable from a handle 11. Boss 16 has a threaded >axially-extending bore 90° disposition to a 180° disposition and it is frequently 17 therethrough and into this bore is screwed a tubular necessary to rotate the stre-ak 180° from either of the start fixed contact sleeve 18 which projects from boss 16 at ing dispositions. Full 360° rotatability is advantageous in either end. that time is saved when the streak can be rotated in any 45 The lower projecting end of sleeve 18 is provided with direction to the desired starting point. a contact element 19 adapted to contact the usual in A single control for both focus and angular disposi tion is advantageous and the control should be easy to manipulate but firmly maintained in position once it is adjusted. Since the patient must look to one side or the other of the physician’s line of sight it is also advantageous to provide target spots on the retinoscope on which the patient can focus so that the physician can examine the sulated center terminal of the power handle 11. Element 19 comprises an outer ring member 19a of insulating ma terial secured in the central bore of sleeve 118. \A metal 50 contact portion 19b is secured in the central passage of ring 219a so as to project outwardly therefrom. The upper end of sleeve ‘1.8i carries another insulating ring 20 secured in the bore thereof. An insulated wire 21 has one end soldered or otherwise secured to the contact pupil area of the eye without interruption. By providing 55 11‘9b of element 1‘9 and extends up through sleeve 1‘8 and such target spots on the retinoscope itself, they are al has an exposed end extending through the ring 2.0 where ways available without lights or other easily distinguish it is secured to another metal contact as 'will hereinafter able objects being secured at chosen points around the appear. physician’s office in relation to the examining chair, an The upper end of boss 16 terminates in a tubular guide arrangement which confines the physician to one particu 60 portion 22 of member 1‘5. -At the other end of the outer lar position for examination. sleeve member 15, a similar tubular guide portion 23 is Freedom in his choice of position and freedom in the provided and guide portions 22 and 23 are connected on use of his hands for the physician is also increased when opposite sides of the sleeve by narrow strip portions 24. the angular disposition of the light emitting head of the retinoscope is angularly adjustable with respect to the 65 Between the strips 24 are slots or access windows 25, best seen in FIGURE 4, through which the physician can position of the light controlling means of the instrument. manipulate a control sleeve 216. Individual physicians may 4desire a corrective lens The control sleeve 26 fits loosely inside the slotted adapted for his use. The viewing lens therefore should be easily replaceable but precisely located. The principal object of the present invention is to pro vide a streak retinoscope with the above noted advan tages. outer sleeve 15 and is shorter than the outer sleeve but extends from the interior of the tubular portion 22 to the interior of tubular portion 213. Sleeve `26 is of metal and has a knurled outer surface intermediate its ends. The 3,439,978 »£3 control sleeve is provided at either end with annular bearing washers 27 of plastic material which snap over the ends of the sleeve 26, as shown, and which center the control sleeve inside the outer sleeve 15. 4 52 for providing a firm shoulder for the nut. Should the angular position of the head I13 require adjustment with respect to the location of windows 25 on the handle ex tension y12, the nut `50 can be manually loosened so that Adjacent the bearing Washers 27, each end of the con the head may be turned and then the nut tightened again. trol sleeve is provided with an annular slot in which are The head 13 has a transverse viewing passage 54 there through and a condensing lens 55 is secured in the usual engaged a split ring spring band 28 and a split ring con tact band 29, the later band around the first, as shown. The spring bands 28 extend only around approximately 4/5 of the circumference of the control sleeve 26 and are biased strongly outward so that outward pressure is exerted on the contact bands 2‘9 at at least three perimetri . manner in a lens holder y56 secured by a screw 57 in the end of passage 48 adjacent the passage 54. An annular mirror holder '58 is secured against suitable shoulders in the viewing passage 54 by a tab plate 59, as shown, the tab plate also being held in place by the screw 57 (FIG. cally spaced points therearound. Contact bands 29 extend substantially completely around the control sleeve and are biased outwardly by the spring bands to insure a good frictional grip and electrical contact between sleeves 15 passing through the lens 55 from lamp 31 transversely and 26 at all times. Control sleeve 26 has an axially extending bore 30 out of the passage 54 onto the eye of the patient. The front, or proximal side, of the head 13 is closed 4). A mirror 60 harving a. central viewing orifice therein is secured by adhesive in the holder 58 at a substantially 45° angle in passage 54 so as to reflect and focus light which, at its upper end, partially contains the lamp 31. by a plate 61 held in place by a plurality of screws 57 The lamp is a conventional streak retinoscope lamp hav 20 (FIG. 5) and a viewing lens 62 secured in a lens holder ing a lfilament 32 extending on three sides of a rectangle 63 is provided in back of the mirror 60 so that the axially of bore 30 so as to provide a bar or streak of light physician may look through the mirror into the patient’s when viewed axially. eye. As a novel feature, lens holder 63 is provided with Bore 30 adjacent the upper end of sleeve 26 is con` a threaded neck engaged in an appropriately threaded stricted at 33 and threaded so as to receive the threaded 25 hole in plate 61 so that the physician may conveniently end of lamp 3'1 and its axially projecting central terminal remove the lens 62 and substitute another when desired. 34. A corrective lens adapted to the individual physician’s »Below the constricted portion 3'3, bore 30` extends the eye may be used. major portion of the length of sleeve 26 and has secured A rubber spectacle or forehead rest 64 is provided at therein, as by a slide fit, a substantially tubular control 30 the top of the instrument head along the back plate 61. sleeve insulator 3‘5. Insulator 35 has an axially extending Another novel feature is provided by a bundle 65 of central passage 3‘6 into which the upper portion of the coated light-transmitting glass fibers secured, as by ad iixed Contact sleeve 18 extends. hesive, in head 13 on either side of the head. Each bundle Also carried in the passage 36 are a fixed contact 40 extends upward from a suitable hole in the head inter and a lamp contacting element 41 connected by extension secting passage 48, the lower end having a polished light coil spring 42. Each of the contacts 40 and `41 have a seat receiving surface 66 substantially flush With the wall of in which one end of spring 42 is engaged and the con passage 48. Adjacent the perimeter of the proximal side tacts and spring are axially aligned by the passage 36. of the head, as shown in FIGURE 5, the bundle emerges Element 41 has a stem 43 slidably engaged in a con in a passage 67, FIGURE 5, molded in the proximal side stricted portion 44 of the passage 36 at the upper end of 40 of the head and adapted to be covered by the plate 61. insulator 35. The stem 43 is held constantly in electrical From its passage 67 each bundle 65 extends to a shoul contact with the central terminal 34 of lamp 31 by the dered hole 68 having a constricted orilice 70 (FIG. 1) pressure of spring 42 and contacts 40 and 41 are con in the side of the head facing distally. The upper end of stantly electrically connected by the spring. bundle 65 is angled sharply as indicated and has a Contact 40 is of metal and has a pendant pin portion polished light emitting surface facing distally. 40a which is forced down into the ring 20 in electrical In the shouldered holes 68, located substantially at contact with the exposed end of wire 21 so that contact the level of viewing lens 62 on either side of the head, element 41 is constantly in electrical contact with the con green and red filters 71 and 72, respectively, are secured tact -19b when control sleeve 26 is moved axially within adjacent the orifice 70. A split ring retainer in each hole 68 secures each filter in place against the shoulder of its the outer sleeve 415. In addition, the bias of spring 42 is in oppoistion to the weight of control sleeve 26 and assists hole 68 and the polished light emitting end of bundle 65 in maintaining the moving parts in adjusted position when is secured against the surface of the filter within the re the retinoscope is in use. tainer by adhesive means or otherwise. In operation, the retinoscope is grasped in one hand The upper guide portion 23 of the outer sleeve is ex and held at the desired distance from the patient’s eye. teriorly threaded, as shown, and stop ring 45 is secured interiorly of the guide portion by the set screw 46. Stop The head may be loosened by backing off the nut 50 and turning head in respect to the handle so that the ring 45 prevents the control sleeve 26 from being moved physician’s thumb and forefinger may more conveniently out of the outer sleeve `15 but allows axial movement of grasp the control sleeve 26 through the windows 25. The the control sleeve in the outer sleeve and therefore, move head is then tightened in its preferred orientation. Lamp ment of the lamp 31 in the head 13. Lamp 31 projects befond the end of the outer sleeve 15 31 is turned on by a switch (not shown) in the power handle 11. and axial movement of the control sleeve upward in FIG URE 2 moves the lamp farther out of the outer sleeve into a central axial passage 48 in the neck portion 49 of the head 13. As best seen in FIGURE 3, the neck 49 is pro vided with a nut or threaded sleeve 50` for securing the head to the threaded end of the outer sleeve I15. Nut 50 may be slid over the end of neck 49 and then a split ring shoulder member ‘51 is snapped into an annular groove 52 provided adjacent the end of the neck. The top surface of shoulder member 51 is tapered outwardly and downwardly, as in the top of the nut `50 which engages it. As the nut 50 draws the end of neck 49 into engagement with the end of outer sleeve 15, the split ring shoulder member 51 is thereby cammed more firmly into its groove By moving the control sleeve 26 axially of the handle, the lamp 31 is advanced toward or moved away from lens 55 and mirror 60 for focusing the streak of light at the patient’s eye to the desired width or thickness. Contact bands 29 are pressed firmly against the tubular guide portions of the outer sleeve 15 by the spring bands 28 to maintain at all times the desired axial adjustment of the control sleeve. At the same time the lamp 31 re mains lit since the circuit is maintained from the power handle 11 central terminal, contact 19b, wire 21, Contact 40, spring 42, contact 41, lamp terminals, control sleeve 26, bands 28 and 29, outer sleeve 15 and the threaded terminal of handle 11. 5 8,439,97 8 As the control sleeve and lamp are advanced and turned from the position shown in FIGURE 2 to the position shown in FIGURE 4, the stern 43 of contact 41 remains in contact with the central terminal 34 of the lamp. Con tacts 19h and 41 remain electrically connected through the spring 42 which lengthens. The bar filament 32 of lamp 31 lies in a single plane containing the -axis of the handle extension 12 so that, as the control sleeve 26 is rotated, the streak of light pass ing through lens 55 and reflected and focused by the mirror 60 is caused to rotate. Since there is no obstruc tion to the rotation of the control sleeve for a full 360° the streak may be rotated through any angle desired. While the lamp 31 is lit, casual light is conveyed by the bundles 65 to the filters 71 and 72 in the orifices 70 so that the patient has a concentration or focusing point conveniently located on the instrument to the right or left of the physician’s line of sight. 6 conta-ct and biasing the insulated terminal against the lamp terminal, the handle slots being of such size as to adapt the sleeve for digital manipulation therethrough, whereby the sleeve is axially movable to carry the lamp toward and away from the lens for focusing light from the lamp and the sleeve is completely rotatable for rotating streak light in either direction to any desired angle by manipulation of the sleeve through the handle slots. 3. A retinoscope as defined in claim 2 having means for securing the handle to the head comprising: an an nular slot around the neck, a split ring in the slot having an annular portion projecting radially of the slot, and a nut having an inwardly projecting flange at one end around the neck adapted to engage the projecting portion of the split ring, the nut being adapted at its other end for threaded engagement with the handle, the ring projecting portion and the nut flange having engaging surfaces tapered outwardly toward the handle for locking the split ring in the groove. As will be apparent to those familiar with the art, the 4. The retinoscope as defined in claim 2 having a view invention can be embodied in other specific forms with 20 ing lens in the proximal end of the viewing passage, the out departing from the spirit or essential characteristics lens being carried in an annular lens holder, the lens holder thereof. The embodiment disclosed is therefore to be con having a restricted threaded neck portion engaged in a sidered in all respects as illustrative rather than restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended threaded hole inthe head so as to be easily removable from 2. A streak retinoscope having a comparatively large the neck adapted to engage the projecting portion of the split ring, the nut being adapted at its other end for threaded engagement with the handle, the ring projecting claims. 25 the head and replaceable .by another holder having a cor rective lens therein. What is claimed is: 5. The retinoscope as defined in claim 3 and having 1. In a retinoscope having a bar filament lamp, a mir target orifices in the distal side of the head thereof on either ror for reflecting light from the lamp, and a condensing side of the viewing passage, a colored filter secured at each lens between lamp and mirror, the combination of a slotted tubular handle, a control sleeve axially slidable 30 orifice, and a bundle of coated light-transmitting glass fibers in either side of the head, each bundle having a light and freely rotatable within the handle, an insulated axial emissive surfa-ce facing the filter and a light receptive sur passage in the sleeve, terminals on the handle electrically face at the axial passage for receiving light from the lamp connected to a source of electricity, one terminal being and lighting up the filters. electrically connected to an electrically conductive portion 6. In a diagnostic instrument having a separable head of the handle and the other terminal being electrically 35 and handle, the head having a reduced neck adapted to be connected to a fixed contact in the sleeve passage, the lamp secured to the handle, the head having light-transmitting being carried on the sleeve, means for electrically con means for directing light in a transverse direction radial necting one lamp terminal to the conductive portion of the of the handle and the handle having digitally operated sleeve, and insulated electrical connecting means in con tact with the other lamp terminal and carried in the pas 40 light control means located at limited portions of the handle perimeter, means for releasably and adjustably se sage, the insulated connecting means including a compres curing head to handle, comprising: the neck having an an sion coil spring in contact with the fixed contact in the nular slot therearound, a split ring in the slot having an passage, whereby the sleeve is digitally manipulatable annular portion projecting radially of the slot, and a nut through the handle slots for axial movement of the lighted having an inwardly projecting flange at one end around lamp and capable of unlimited rotation of the lamp. head and a handle of smaller diameter, the head having a transverse Viewing passage and an intersecting axial pas sage, a condensing lens and a mirror for reflecting light from the lens in the axial passage, a slotted tubular handle, the head having a reduced neck secured to the handle, a portion and the nut flange having engaging surfaces tapered outwardly toward the handle for locking the split ring in control sleeve axially and freely rotatably movable with in the handle, an insulated axially extending passage in References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS the groove. the sleeve, terminals on one end of the handle electrically connected to a source of electricity, one terminal being 1,066,386 7/1913 DeZeng ____________ __ S51-6 electrically connected to the handle and the other terminal being electrically connected to a fixed contact mounted 1,720,035 7/ 1927 DeZeng ____________ __. 351-6 1,804,151 5/1931 Copeland ____ __' ____ __ 351-14 1,889,456 1,981,214 2,586,973 l 1/1932 11/1934 2/ 1952 Tillyer _____________ _... 351-6 Allyn _____________ __ 351-11 McMillîn ___________ __ 351-7 on the handle within the sleeve passage, a bar filament lamp being carried on the sleeve at the other end of the handle, spring means associated with the sleeve for elec 60 trically connecting sleeve and handle and for frictionally positioning the sleeve in the handle, one lamp terminal being in electrical contact With the sleeve, an insulated DAVID SCHONBERG, Primary Examiner. P. A. SACHER, Assistant Examiner. terminal in the sleeve passage in contact with the other U.S. Cl. X.R. lamp terminal, and spring means in the sleeve passage elec trically connecting the insulated terminal and the fixed 65 S51-10, l2, 13, 16 U.S. DEPARTMENT 0F COMMERCE PATENT OFFICE washington, D_c. 20231 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION Patent NO . 3 ,439 ,978 April 22 , 1969 William C. Moore et al. It is certified that error appears in the above identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below: Column 3, line 6l, "befond" should read -- beyond --. Column 6, line 27, claim reference numeral "3" should read -- 2 Signed and sealed this 14th day of April 1970. (SEAL) Attest: Edward M. Fletcher, Jr, Attesting Officer WILLIAMP E. SCHUYLER, JR. Commissioner of Patents