Download Biology Benchmark #1

Biology Benchmark #1
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Unit 1 Biochemistry
1. Complete the following table:
Macromolecule
Protein
Monomer
Carbohydrate
Fatty Acid
Function
Hereditary
Material
2. What macromolecule are enzymes made of? __________________________________
3. What happens to enzymes if they are exposed to high temperatures or acid?
_________________________
4. What is an enzymes active site? _______________________what does it bind to?
____________________ Why is its shape important?
_________________________________________________________________
5. What do enzymes do?___________________________________ How?
_____________________________
6. Explain each of the following characteristics of water.
Adhesion __________________________________________________________________________
Cohesion __________________________________________________________________________
Capillary Action _____________________________________________________________________
7. What part of the experiment does the scientist change (want to
test)?__________________________
8. What part of the experiment does the scientist measure?
____________________________________
9. What is qualitative data? _______________________ Quantitative? ________________________
Unit 2 Cell Biology
1. What are the 3 parts of the cell theory? ___________________________________________,
___________________________________, ___________________________________________
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Biology Benchmark #1
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2. Compare and Contrast eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Eukaryote
3. Complete the following table:
Organelle
Function
Control
center
Prokaryote
Cell
membrane
Makes
protein
chloroplast lysosome
Makes
energy
storage
4. Describe the process of cellular respiration.
_______________________________________________
where does it occur (organelle)? _________________ Plant or Animal?_________________
5. Describe the process of photosynthesis.
__________________________________________________
Where does it occur (organelle)? _________________Plant or Animal? __________________
6. Identify each reaction:
6CO2+6H2O
C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ____________________________________
6CO2+6H2O ____________________________________
7. What is the difference between active and passive transport?
______________________________
8. What are the 3 types of active transport?
_______________________________________________
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9. What are the 3 types of passive transport?
______________________________________________
10. Draw arrows to show the direction of water for each of the following. Include dots for salt
concentration.
Hypotonic Solution
Isotonic Solution
Hypertonic Solution
11. Which two types of transport require transport proteins? ________________ &
__________________
Unit 3 Cell Division
1. What are the 4 stages of mitosis? What happens in each stage?
Stage
2.
3.
4.
What Happens? 6.
7.
8.
5.
9.
10. What is crossing over?______________________________________
11. When does crossing over occur? _____________________________
12. When a cell is not dividing, what stage is it in? __________________
13. What stages does the cytoplasm split? _______________________
14. How many daughter cells are made after mitosis? _________ Meiosis? ________
15. If a parent cell has 20 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells have after
mitosis? _________ Is this diploid or haploid? ____________
16. If a parent cell has 20 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells have after
meiosis? _________ Is this diploid or haploid? ____________
17. What is a zygote? ____________________________________________
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Biology Benchmark #1
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Unit 4 Genetics
1. Tallness in pea plants is dominant. Cross 2 heterozygous pea plants.
Draw a punnet square to the right.
What are the genotypes & their percentages? __________________________
What are the phenotypes & their percentages? _________________________
2. Flower color exhibits incomplete dominance in snapdragons. Cross 2 pink flowers.
Draw a punnet square to the right.
What are the genotypes & their percentages?___________________________
What are the phenotypes & their percentages? _________________________
3. What is a carrier? ____________________________________________________
4. A karyotype of a normal human will show how many chromosomes? _______ Is this haploid or
diploid?____
Unit 5 Molecular Biology
1.
The following is a diagram of the central dogma, label each arrow and box.
2. In the above problem, where does each process (arrow) occur in the cell (organelle)?
arrow 1 - _______________ arrow 2 - ________________arrow 3 -_______________
3. What is a mutation? ____________________________________________________
4. What causes mutations?_________________________________________________
a. What are the base pairing rules in DNA? RNA?
DNA G pairs with ____ ____
RNA G pairs with _______
A pairs with _________
A pairs with _______
5. What is genetic engineering? _____________________________________________
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