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Transcript
Blood Types Components of blood Plasma is: • • 92% water 8% fats, proteins, ions, sugars, amino acids and nitrogenous waste 1.Transports: – – – – – – – Func=ons of blood Gases—Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Waste Hormones Enzymes Nutrients Plasma proteins (associated with defence, such as blood-‐cloLng and an=-‐bodies); Blood cells (incl. white blood cells 'leucocytes', and red blood cells 'erythrocytes'). 2. Maintains Body Temperature 3. Controls pH The pH of blood must remain in the range 6.8 to 7.4, otherwise it begins to damage cells. 4. Removes toxins from the body The kidneys filter all of the blood in the body (approx. 8 pints), 36 =mes every 24 hours. Toxins removed from the blood by the kidneys leave the body in the urine. (Toxins also leave the body in the form of sweat.) 5. Fights infecEon Blood Type Systems • Markers on blood cells, or an=gens, help to iden=fy types • Many different an=gens = many different blood group systems • Red Cross uses ABO system and Rh system to determine compa=bility An=gen vs. An=body • An=gen = markers on the surface of blood cell, inherited • An=body = proteins that bind to specific an=gens (lock and key fit) and creates an immune response. An=bodies are created by plasma cells. • Agglu=na=on = blood clumping, a reac=on which occurs when the receiver of a blood transfusion has an=bodies against the donor blood cells. Agglu=na=on (+) ABO: 4 Blood Types Inheritance: A and B are co-‐dominant O is recessive Mother B Father A O O ABO: 4 Blood Types Blood Dona=ng Could the Recipient receive blood from the donor? Donor A Recipient A B AB O B AB O Blood Dona=ng Recipient Donor A B AB O A Y N N Y B N Y N Y AB Y Y Y Y O N N N Y But there’s more… Rh factor B-‐ Group Discussion Q’s 1. What blood type is the universal donor? 2. What blood type is the universal recipient? 3. Why is important that blood cells and plasma (which contain an=bodies) are separated before giving to the recipient? 4. An=bodies are proteins. Explain how the shapes of these proteins are so important to the func=on.
