Download ( 2 ) : circulatory system and urinary system Its structure

Governorate
Nozha Directorate of Education
Nozha Language Schools
“Ismailia Road” Branch
Unite ( 2 ) :
Department: Science
Form : 5th primary
circulatory system and urinary system
Lesson -1- :Circulatory system
The circulatory system:
It is the system that transports the digested food, Oxygen gas and water to all
the body cells and carries the wastes away from the body cells.
Its function:
1- It transports the digested food, Oxygen gas and water to all the body cells.
2- It transports wastes produced by the body cells to special organs to get rid of
them
3- It helps in maintaining the body health.
Its structure:
Circulatory
System
The Heart
1-The heart:
Blood Vessels
Blood
It is a muscular hollow organ equals about the size of your fist.
Its location
It locates inside the chest cavity between the two lungs.
Its function:
It pumps the blood continuously throughout the body
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Its structure:
1-The heart consists of four chambers (rooms) located in two sides (right side and
left side).
2-The upper chamber in each side is called (atrium) and the lower chamber is
called (ventricle).
3-There is a wall that separates between the right side and the left side of the
heart (G.R).
A:To prevent mixing of the blood in both sides.
4-There is a valve between each atrium and ventricle (G.R).
A:To allow the blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle and prevents its
returning back.
2- Blood vessels
Types of vessels
Arteries
Veins
Blood capillaries
1- Arteries:
They are Thick blood vessels which emerge (come out) from the heart (exactly
from two ventricles)
*Their function:
They transport the blood from the heart to all the body parts
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*Their properties:
1- They are large and wide at the beginning , then they become smaller till end in a
network of blood capillaries near cells.
2- All arteries carry blood rich in oxygen (Oxygenated blood) except the
pulmonary artery which carries blood rich in carbon dioxide
2- Veins:
They are thin blood vessels that begin at the body cells and open in the
heart (exactly in the two atria)
*Their function :
They carry blood from all the body parts to the heart.
*Their properties:
1- They begin in the form of blood capillaries at the cells , then collect
together to become larger till reaching the heart.
2- All veins carry blood rich in carbon dioxide (de-oxygenated blood) except
the pulmonary veins which carry blood rich in oxygen.
3- Blood capillaries:
They are network of tiny blood vessels with very thin walls.
They are located within tissues and around the cells.
*Their functions:
1- They connect the ends of arteries and the beginning of veins.
2- Their thin walls allow the blood to deliver food and Oxygen to the cells
and carries carbon dioxide and wastes.
3- The blood:
Blood
Consists of
Red blood
White blood
1- Red Blood
cells
(RBC’s)
Cells
Cells
They(Corpuscles)
are red cells without nuclei. (Corpuscles)
Blood
Platelets
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Plasma
1- Red blood cells(RBC’s):
They are red cells without nuclei.
*Their functions:
1- They carry Oxygen gas from the lungs to all the body cells.
2- They carry carbon dioxide gas from all the body cells to the lungs.
2- white blood cells ( WBC’s)
They are white cells with different forms of nuclei.
*Their function:
They defend the body against microbes by attacking them.
3- Blood platelets:
They are small cell fragments ( parts)
*Their function:
They help in coagulation of blood ( Formation of blood clot), so they help in
healing wounds
4- Plasma:
It is a yellow watery fluid in which all the blood components are suspended.
*Its function:
1- It carries the needed food substances to the body cells.
2- It carries the harmful wastes that formed in the cells to another cells to
get rid of them.
*The functions of blood:
1- The transfer or delivery of materials to all the body cells:
A- The red blood cells: carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
B- Plasma : transports food, vitamins, salts and harmful wastes.
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2ABC-
The defense and protection of the body, where:
White blood cells: attack microbes that cause diseases to human
Blood platelets: help in healing wound
The Blood: keeps the temperature of the body constant.
*Blood circulation: it is the path of blood throughout the body.
(blood circulation)
1- The right atrium receives blood carrying Co2 from all body parts by 2
veins into the right ventricle .
2- The right ventricle contracts pumping the blood into pulmonary artery to
the lungs where Co2 is exchanged with O2 .
3- The blood rich in oxygen returns to the left atrium by veins , then it
flows into the left ventricle .
4- The left ventricle contracts pumping the blood rich in oxygen into aorta
artery .
Keeping the circulatory system healthy:
1-Keep exercising to strengthen the heart muscle and to activate the blood
circulation.
2-Eat healthy and balanced food that is low in fat and salt.
3-Eat more fresh and clean vegetables and fruits.
4-Drink an appropriate (a suitable) amount of clean water every day
,especially in summer.
5-Avoid exposure to infections and accidents.
6-when you wounded :
a-Try to stop the bleeding
b-Clean the wound and treat it.
7-Avoid smoking and smokers, where smoking:
a-Harms the heart.
b-Weakness the blood circulation.
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Governorate
Nozha Directorate of Education
Nozha Language Schools
“Ismailia Road” Branch
Department: Science
Form : 5th primary
work sheet (2)
_______________________________________________
Unit ( 2 ) : circulatory system and urinary system
Lesson -1- :Circulatory system
1- Complete the following statements:
1- Human circulatory system consist of ……………………….,………………………….. and
…………………………………………….
2-The system that transports the digested food, Oxygen to all the body cells is
called ……………………………………………….
3-The circulatory system transports excretory materials to ……………………… in the
body to ……………………. of them.
5-Heart is a …………………………, nearly having the size of the …………………………
6-The circulatory system transports ………………………………, ……………………………. And
………………………… to all the body cells.
7-Each side of the heart consists of ……………….. chambers, the upper one is called
……………… and the lower one is called……………………….
8-The two sides of the heart are separtated by ……………………………….
9-In each side of the heart , there is a ……………………. To prevent the blood from
returning back to the ………………….
11-The heart chambers are ……………………., ………………..,………………………..and ………………………
12-There are ……………… types of blood vessels are………………………….,……………………………...
and………………………
13-…………………… are large and wide at the beginning ,then they become smaller till
the end, while …………………… begin small at the cells and become larger till reaching
the ……………………..
14-……………………. ends with blood capillaries , while ……………………….begin with blood
capillaries.
15-…………………………… begin at the heart and end at the body cells, while …………………
begin at the cells and end at the heart.
16-The tiny blood vessels which connect between the ends of arteries and the
beginning of veins are called………………………………
17-All arteries carry blood rich in oxygen except the ………………………..
18-All veins carry blood rich in carbon dioxide except the ………………………….
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19-The atria receive blood from………………….., while the arteries push blood
into……………………………
20-Arteries transport blood to………………………….
21-Arteries are …………………………. and ……………………………
22-Arteries ends at …………………………
23- ……………………………… are blood vessels those carry blood from different body
parts to the ………………………….
24-The blood vessels which open in the two atria are called …………………………..
25-Veins begin in the form of ………………………… at the cells.
28-The thin wall of blood capillaries allows blood to deliver ………………. and
………………… to ………………………..
29-Human blood consists of ……………………….,………………………..,…………………….and………………..
30-Red blood cells has no…………………..
31-White blood cells have ………………….. of different forms.
32-………………………… are small cell fragments.
33-…………………………. is a yellow watery fluid.
34-Plasma contains components that are floating in it like………………………
35-…………………… ventricle pumps blood to lungs while the left ……………….. pumps
blood to all body parts.
36-The path of blood throughout the body is known as the………………………….
37-The blood circulation between the heart and lungs is known as the …………………or
………………………….
38-The circulation between the heart and other parts of the body is known as the
………………………………. or …………………………………
39-To keep our circulatory system healthy , we must decrease the amount of
………………….and …………………… in our meals.
2- Choose the correct answer:
1- All the following are from the components of the circulatory system except
(heart- blood vessels- stomach- blood)
2-The circulatory system transports the ………… inside the body.
(digested food and water-wastes- respiratory gases-all the following)
3-The heart is a …………………… muscular organ.
(hollow-solid-liquid-gas)
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4-There is a ……………. between the two sides of the heart to prevent the mixing of
blood in both sides.
(valve- wall- atrium- vein)
5-Arteries carry blood …………….
(to the heart-away from the heart-towards and away from the heart)
6-…………. Carry blood to the heart.
(Veins- Platelets- Arteries- blood capillaries)
7-……………….. begin with blood capillaries.
(Arteries- Veins- RBC’s- WBC’s)
8-…………… carry blood rich in oxygen.
(Veins- Arteries- blood capillaries- white blood cells)
9-……………. begin large and wide at the heart.
(Arteries- blood platelets- veins- blood capillaries)
10-The function of red blood cells is ……………………..
(blood clotting- carrying oxygen- carrying carbon dioxide)
11-The digested food is transferred from the digestive system to the body cells
by………….
(plasma- white blood cells- red blood cells- platelets)
12-All the following are from the components of the blood except ……………………
(red and white blood cells- platelets- blood capillaries- plasma)
13-The blood is liquid due to the presence of the …………..
(platelets- plasma- blood vessels- heart)
14-Aorta is ………………….
(the largest vein- the largest artery-the smallest artery-the smallest vein)
15-The smallest blood vessels in the body are the…………….
(arteries- veins- capillaries- no one of these)
16-The heart is a muscular pump in a size of your…………….
(fingers- foot- fist- wrist)
17-The blood passes from atria to ventricles through………………
(the veins- the valves- the arteries- a wall)
18-The right side of the heart contain blood rich in …………….. gas.
(oxygen- carbon dioxide- nitrogen- water vapour)
19-The left ventricle pumps blood to………………..
(hands- lungs- heart- all the body cells)
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3- Put (√ ) or (x) then correct the wrong one :
1- The heart is a part of respiratory system
(
)
2- Human heart is in the abdominal cavity
(
)
3- The wall of the right ventricle is thicker than that of the left one (
)
4- Heart consists of four sides.
(
)
5- Blood capillaries are considered as the beginning of veins
(
)
6- The right atrium receives blood out of the arteries
(
)
7- The ventricle pumps blood out of the heart through four pulmonary veins
(
)
8- When the left ventricle contracts it pumps blood into a pulmonary artery
(
)
9- The yellow watery fluid that transports food, vitamins and salts is the vein
(
)
10- When the right atrium receives blood from the venae cavae, the left atrium
receives blood from pulmonary veins.
(
)
4- Give reason for the following:
1-The circulatory system is called the system of translocation in the human body
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2- The red blood cells have a great importance.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3- The blood platelets have a role in healing wounds.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4- Blood is a very important fluid.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5- What happen if:
We drop two similar sheets one of them is folded and the other is unfolded.
Which of them reaches the ground first? Give reason
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Governorate
Nozha Directorate of Education
Nozha Language Schools
“Ismailia Road” Branch
Department: Science
Form : 5th primary
Excretion and Human urinary system
The wastes are classified into:Solid wastes
They are the indigested food
that stored in the large intestine
until it passes out of the body
Excretory materials
They are the cell wastes
they contains
Harmless materials
They are materials that the body
can’t use
Poisonous materials
They are materials that the body
get must get rid of them
Excretory materials
Carbon
Nitrogenous
dioxide
wastes
- It’s produced with water vapor
when the body cells burn the
urea
uric acid
digested food by oxygen to
- they are produced from
produce energy
breaking down of proteins
- we get rid of them through
the “urinary system” in
the form of urine
Sweat glands:Are special glands that found in the skin to get rid of sweat
Excess water
and salts
they are expelled outside
the body through
* skin in the form of sweat
* urinary system in the form
of urine
The urinary system
It’s the system that clarifies blood from the nitrogenous wastes
(urea, uric acid) excess water and salts
It lies inside the abdominal cavity near the back bone
Function:1- It filters the blood from excess salts, urea, uric acid that dissolved in water
2- It expels these wastes outside the body in the form of urine
Structure:It consists of
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The two
the two
the urinary
kidneys
ureters
bladder
1) The two kidneys
* They are the most important organs of the urinary system
* They are bean – shaped organs located on both sides of the back bone
Function:1- Filtration of the blood from some wastes as urea, uric acid, excess salts
2- Getting rid of these wastes in the form of urine
* Each kidney contains about one million of minute tubules that filler wastes from blood
2) The two ureters
They are two narrow tubes that connect the two kidneys with the urinary bladder
Function:They transfer urine from the two kidneys to the urinary bladder
3) The urinary bladder:It’s a balloon sac like
Function:Stores the urine temporally until it is released out side the body through urethra.
Blood vessels:
Carry blood to and from the kidneys
Urethra:- It is a tube which extends from the urinary bladder and opens outside the body
- It allows the urine to pass outside the body
How to maintain the urinary system?
1) Drink appropriate amount of water daily especially in summer
2) Don’t keep urine for long periods
3) Eat healthy and balanced food low in salt
4) Avoid urinating in irrigation canals to protect us from schistosomiasis disease
(bloody urine)
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Governorate
Nozha Directorate of Education
Nozha Language Schools
“Ismailia Road” Branch
Department: Science
Form : 5th prim
Sheet (2)
1- Complete:1- The urinary system is located inside …………… cavity.
2- The urinary system filters the blood from …………… , …………… and ……………
3- The waste materials that are produced from breaking down of proteins are known as
…………… which are …………… and ……………
4- Kidneys are located on both sides of the ……………
5- The …………… stores the urine until released outside the body.
6- The blood enters the kidney through …………… while it leaves them through ……………
7- The kidney is a …………… shaped organ.
2) Choose:1- Urea and uric acid are produced from breaking down of ……………
a- protein
b- fat
c- salts
d- carbohydrates
2- Each kidney contains about …………… minute tubules that filter blood from wastes.
a- 1 million
b- 2 millions
c- 1 thousand
d- 2 thousands
3- …………… is the narrow tube that allows urine to reach the urinary bladder.
a- urethra
b- ureter
c- kidney
d- artery
4- The artery in the urinary system carries ……………
a- pure blood
b- blood containing wastes
c- blood rich in carbon dioxide
d- blood capillaries
5- The urinary system consists of all the following organs except ……………
a- ureters
b- kidneys
c- urinary bladder
d- all the previous
6- …………… is responsible for storing the urine temporarly.
a- ureter
b- kidney
c- urinary bladder
d- urethra
7- …………… is a special type of glands that produces sweat.
a- salivary glands
b- liver
c- sweat gland
d- skin
c- lungs
d- kidneys
8- urea is expelled by the ……………
a- heart
b- stomach
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3- Write the scientific term:1- The waste materials that produced inside the cell.
[
]
2- The system that clarifies blood from excess salts, urea and uric acid.
[
]
3- The fluid which produced by the kidneys and contains harmful substances. [
]
4- The indigested food that stored in the large intestine until it passes out of the body.
[
]
5- The type of glands that get rid of excess salts and excess water through skin[
]
6- The narrow tubes which connect the kidney. which urine passes through it. [
]
7- The liquid which is excreted by skin.
]
[
4- State the function of each of the following:1- The kidney ………………………………………………………………………
2- The ureter ………………………………………………………………………
3- The urinary bladder …………………………………………………………………………..
4- Urethra …………………………………………………………………………..
5- Skin …………………………………………………………………………..
5- Choose from column (B) what suits in column (A):(A)
(B)
1- The kidney
a- stores the urine temporarly
2- The ureter
b- gets rid of the excess salts
3- The urinary bladder
c- filters blood from wastes
4- The skin
d- is a narrow tube the that transfer urine
5- The two lungs
from the kidney to urinary bladders
e- removes carbon dioxide from the body
6- Correct the under lined words:1- Urea and uric acid are produced from breaking down of starch.
2- Excess water and salts are from solid wastes.
3- The urinary system is responsible for producing sweat.
4- Ureter is the tube that extend from the bladder to open outside the body.
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Governorate
Nozha Directorate of Education
Nozha Language Schools
“Ismailia Road” Branch
Department: Science
Form : 5th prim
Unit (3)
Lesson (1) Soil components
*What’s soil?
Soil is the thin non-compacted superficial layer, which covers the earth’s crust.
*What are the components of soil?
1- Pieces of rocks.
2- Water
3-Air
4-Humus
*What’s humus?
A dark brown matter produced from the decayed remains of plants and animals.
*The importance of soil for plant:
1- Plants grow in soil
2- plants get minerals from the soil
**If there’s no soil. No plant then no life.
*The importance of soil for animals:
1-Animals feed on plants that grow in the soil.
2-Some animals build their homes or nests in the soil
**So soil is the main component of the environment.
*Soil formation:
Soil is formed due to the breaking down of rocks that mixed with humus, it also contains a big
number of micro organisms.
*The importance of plant for the soil:
a) the roots protect the soil from erosion
b) they add nutrients to the soil
* The leaves and stem:
Some leaves fall on the soil decay adding nutrients to the soil
* The important of insects and earthworms:
They dig tunnels and nests under the soil surface.
* The importance of tunnels for the soil:
Aerate the soil, increase the fertility of the soil and get rid of excess water
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Lesson (3) Soil pollution
**Soil pollution:The change in the environment that disturbs it & harms man
**Soil pollutants:1- Insecticides
2- Chemical fertilizers
3- Acidic rain
4- Salinity of soil
**G.R.F : The salinity of soil
Because the periods between irrigations increase soil dries so the underground salty water rise
up
- What’s the effect of soil salinity on plant growth?
- The death of plant.
**Protect soil from pollution
1- Reduce using insecticides.
2- Use natural fertilizers.
3- Irrigate land regularly.
4- Build factories away from agricultural soil
5- Recycle the agricultural wastes to useful materials.
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Governorate
Nozha Directorate of Education
Nozha Language Schools
“Ismailia Road” Branch
Department: Science
Form : 5th primary
work sheet
_______________________________________________
Revision sheet
1- Complete the following statements:
1- Water rushing and ……………… break down rocks of ……………… into small pieces to
form soil.
3- The main component of soil are …………………..,………………. and …………………..
5- Soil is composed of different layers which are …………….,……………… and ………………….
6- The most important soil pollutant are ……………………….,………………………….,…………………….
And ……………………………..
7- …………… and ………………. are factors that increase the soil salinity.
8- Ants dig tunnels in the soil to make ……………………… and lay ……………………..
11- We can avoid soil pollution with the industrial wastes by establishing ……………
far from……………..
12- The soil contains gravels that produced from breaking down of ………………………..
17- Humus add nutrients to……………………
18- ………………….. lie beneath the top soil layers and don’t have much humus.
19- ………………….. is a thin non-compacted superficial layer which covers
………………………………
20- ……………….. increase the soil acidification .
22- ………………. used to eradicate pests of agricultural crops.
23- The origin of agricultural soil of Egypt is the rocks of …………………………..
24- …………………. are formed when the industrial wastes dissolve in rain water .
25- When living organisms die, they decay forming………………………
26- …………………………. is any change in the environment that disturbs its natural
balance.
27- …………………… reduce the ability of agricultural soil for cultivation.
2- Write the scientific terms:
1- It is any change in the soil that disturbs its natural balance and harms its living
organisms.
[
]
2- The remains of the decayed organisms
[
]
3- A thin non-compacted layer that covers the Earth crust [
]
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5- A black( dark brown) material adds nutrients to the soil. [
]
6- Chemical compounds used to eradicate pests of agricultural crops
[
]
7- The decayed remains of animals and plants mixed with the soil components and
its colour is brown or black
[
]
10- Parts of plants add nutrients to the soil and prevent soil erosion
[
]
15- Chemical compounds used to compensate the poor soil with the required
elements for plant growth
[
]
3- Give reasons for:
1- Chemical pesticides are harmful.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3- Increasing the soil salinity.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7- Irrigating the agricultural lands regularly.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8- The soil is the main component of the environment.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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