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Processes
There are five main processes that make up the rock cycle.
1. Metamorphism means "changed form." It is the process that changes sedimentary,
igneous, and metamorphic rocks into new metamorphic rocks.
2. Weathering and Erosion is the process by which rocks are attacked by the
environment3. Cementation and Compaction is a two step process. Rocks are
constantly being deposited on top of each other. As these layers begin to build on top of
each other, they begin to compress. This is the process of compaction.
4. Melting is takes place under the surface of the earth. This kind of rock is called liquid
rock or magma.
1. Sedimentary rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks through the processes of
weathering and erosion, which creates sediment, and the cementation and compaction of
that sediment.
2. Igneous rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks through the processes of melting,
which creates magma, and the cooling and solidification of that magma. Recooling and
solidification is also known as crystallization.
3. Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks through the process of
metamorphism, where rocks undergo extreme heat and pressure.