Download is unfortunate that hardly anything between labyrinth structure

Note on some
more tropical labyrinth-seeds
W.A.
There
the
seeds that, when
are
1970). This
cut
in
folding of
to
located in the
in
on,
(Corner,
1966, in
case
possibilities.
of
the
Firstly
mostly flat, cotyledons
testa
tissue
some cases
by
a
development
the
or
to
either be
may
or
the
testa
testa
at
first
Palmae).
there
small
Secondly the
are
probably
two
of folded and lobed,
amount
testa can
of
endosperm
be located in
—
many
that a discotyledons (Hernandia, Mangifera). However, it
labyrinth-seeds will be rather arbitrary, as long as the precise ways of
massive
tinction among
much
in
be located between portions
may
(Kingiodendron, Erycibe, Argyreia, Neokeithia).
crevices in
some
sometimes surrounded
—
testa
Palmae, Annonaceae, etc.),
interfering with the cotyledons,
tissue
testa
the
case
when the embryo has become larger, also
interferes with the
the
Heel,
possible that
and later
In
(van
structure
It is
interferes with the endosperm,
cotyledons
labyrinth
a
cotyledons (Burseraceae, Dipterocarpaceae),
endosperm only (‘ruminated seeds’
interfere with the cotyledons.
may
show
plane,
any
the
Heel
of testa tissue within the seed. In the latter
presence
tissue
be due
may
van
seems
remain unknown. It is
resembling
is unfortunate that
In addition it
very
end-stages (Corner,
between labyrinth
and
structure
probable that different ontogenies
1966;
Heel,
van
1971;
Periasamy
is known of
hardly anything
a
yield
possible correlation
of germination, and its possible
way
may
1962).
ecological signif-
icance.
Mangifera
Dr.
seeds,
(Anacardiaceae)
spp.,
drew
Hou
Ding
my
whereas the other
concerned
were
Cambodja, and
14103, L.,
cult,
M.
M.
in
inocarpoides
One dried seed of M.
located
in
to
three species of Mangifera which had labyrinth-
Merr.
&
of the
genus
inocarpoides (Brass
8462)
kidney-shaped seed had
crevices
a
was
almost up
reaching
of tissue,
When
a
the
plane. However,
question
cross-section
was
which under the microscope
some
places,
the line
between them,
proved
arose
It could be concluded that this
which,
moreover,
adhered
plane. The epidermides
can
a
proved
to
to
the median
two
moreover,
plane.
cotyledons,
consisted of
two
two
could be
compressed
flat-celled
cell
'Normal'
one on
labyrinth-seed presented itself
consist of
of
for anatomical obser-
the outside, which,
into
faint median line
consist
staining positively
the
whether it also
made,
to
since
available
testa on
seeds, which had no albumen, could easily be severed
mass
of Kostermans
Bogor).
numerous
side of the median
had normal seeds. The species
Perry from Papua, M. camptosperma Pierre from
gedebe Miq. from Sumatra, Borneo, and Java (fruit
Hort.
vations. The whole large
was
attention
nearly thirty species
as
a
each
solid
cotyledons.
detected in the seed,
walls. Moreover, in
epidermides with
a
cuticle
with Sudan IV.
seed,
like the normal
together with
a
common
ones,
consisted of two cotyledons,
cuticular membrane in the median
be traced along the outside of the seed and along the crevices
BLUMEA
110
filled with
tissue. In
testa
tracheids and
xylem portion of spiral
lined with
starch
The
cells
tissue
testa
at
with
a
this stage consists of
Fig.
Argyreia ridleyi (Prain)
Dried seeds of
one
Prain
become
firmly appressed
showed after the
like toward
at
to
the
had been
embryo
the cross-section of the seed
ledons
the embryonic
on
forming
with
so
was
unfolded,
parts
two
plates
of
testa
bases of the cotyledons;
there
was
upper
plates
and the
It is
case
in
tissue
cotyledons
were
of
were
scarce
evident that this seed is
tomentosa.
with
could be found,
large
two
many
F.R.I.
and flat
2634)
cotyledons,
were
used
emarginate
Convolvulaceae. The flat cotyledons
for in the seed the
fact their form only
embryo
was
undulating.
were
bent
In the
cap-
figure
testa
that
were
fused. In the base of the
located between the embryonic axis and the cordate
at
the level of insertion of the cotyledons.
tissue in the median
bent cap-shaped.
was
The
was
limited upwards
remaining
space
by
between the
filled up with endosperm that had become jellified
remains
a very
Then,
plane of the seed, around which
This plate
embryo.
of swollen
cell walls (cf.
simple labyrinth-seed.
However, Erycibe
griffithii turned
because of the stronger lobing of the cotyledons
Convolvulaceae,
filled
of the cotyledons.
seed, 7 x.
of the cotyledons
the cap-shaped
cotyledonary folds,
except for
Erycibe
of
polygonal cells
epiderm
made exactly above the point of insertion of the coty-
they terminated
median parts
completely,
the
axis.
another, large, plate of testa
the halves of the
the
organs).
(Convolvulaceae)
The figure shows three black extensions of the
seed
a
These canals
abound in various
mantle of
a
near
cross-section
like in
base,
phloem.
surrounded by crushed
were
to
each other by their adaxial surfaces. In
side, and the lateral
one
and
collection of this Malaysian plant (Kepong
the top and cordate
were
each of which with
bundles,
the site of the
reported
crushed
Ooststr.,
ex
at
soft parenchyma, partly disrupted and necrosed
a
for this study. They contained embryos
at
are
Argyreia ridleyi,
1.
1971
vascular
canal
the outside
on
which
liquid substance,
I,
epithelial cells
canals
resin
in the middle of the crevices,
many
large
a
small, densely staining
(in Anacardiaceae
No.
XLX,
the ground tissue of the cotyledons consisted of large
contrast
filled with starch and of
roundish cells
were
VOL.
which would be interesting
to
out
(van Heel,
their lobed and folded cotyledons,
study
I
Netolitzky,
1926).
described another simple
to
be
1970).
more
complicated
I expect
gradations
in
that in the
labyrinth-seeds
morphogenetically.
W.
Rhopalocarpus
A.
spp.
van
R. lucidus
laciniate. In fruits that
In other
carpus
Rhopalocarpus
too
gradation
a
on
Rhopalocarpaceae
described and illustrated
in
Note
some
tropical labyrinth-seeds
more
111
(Rhopalocarpaceae)
In his revision of the
Especially
Heel:
a
,
the
two
were
spp.
the
plants from Madagascar, Capuron
Rhopalocarpus
were
the laciniae
yet mature,
structure
labyrinth
in
of
cotyledons
separate
not
family
of several
labyrinth-seeds
was
structure
less
strongly
were
and
Dialyceras
lobed and
spp.
the lobes
surrounded by albumen.
complicated.
Evidently
in
Rhopalo-
could be found.
REFERENCES
CAPURON,
R.
1962.
Rhopalocarpacees. Adansonia,
HEEL,W.
A. VAN, 1970. Some unusual
1
971.
The
NETOLITZKY, F.
II:
2,
PERIASAMY,
ology
10:
K.
natural
labyrinth-seed
1926. Anatomie
1
history
der
n.s.,
II.
1:
228—267.
of Palms.
tropical labyrinth-seeds.
of Hernandia
peltata
Angiospermen
—
Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. C.
73. 3: 298 —301.
Meisn.
in
DC.
Samen. In: K.
Ibid.
74.
Linsbauer,
1:
Hb.
46
—
51.
der Pflanzenanatomie
—364.
1962. The ruminate
A
—
1966.
The
des
E.
J.
H.
Revision
CORNER,
endosperm. Development and
Symposium' (C.S.I.R.,
New
Delhi):
62—74.
types
of rumination,
In
'Plant
Embry-