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Summer Corner Upper Primary 1 Activity 2 Ocean Facts Introduction In this activity, the children learn about the oceans and some of the animals that inhabit them. They then use the information to do a crossword. You will need: • • one copy of Worksheets 1 and 2 for each child one copy of Worksheet 3 for each child Instructions: 1. Distribute Worksheets 1 and 2 to your students. Read through the words with the children to make sure they understand them. 2. Distribute Worksheet 3 and explain that they can complete the crossword with the information from Worksheet 1. Key: Across: 1. endangered, 2. Pacific, 3. krill, 4. eyes, 5. jaws, 6. white, 7. pouch, 8. pup, 9. water, 10. elephant. Down: 11. echolocation, 12. mammals, 13. horse, 14. five, 15. eyespot Optional extension activity: Ask the children individually or in groups to prepare a presentation on one of the animals. They can use the following pages to gather information: http://www.wonderclub.com/wildlife.html http://www.ypte.org.uk/animal-facts.php www.animalcorner.co.uk http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0215242/ http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/animals/ creaturefeature/ http://www.kidzone.ws/sharks/index.htm http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/ planetocean/ocean.html Or you might like to try the quiz on this page: h t t p : / / k i d s . n a t i o n a l g e o g ra p h i c . c o m / k i d s / g a m e s / puzzlesquizzes/quiz-your-noodle-ocean-creatures/ www.oupe.es Summer Corner WORKSHEET 1 Oceans There are five oceans. The oceans cover 71% of the Earth’s surface. The largest ocean is the Pacific. It takes up a third of the Earth’s surface. The other oceans are the Atlantic, the Indian, the Southern and the Arctic (which is the smallest). The Atlantic is saltier than the Pacific. The oceans have the tallest mountains in the world and the deepest valleys. Octopuses/Octopi Octopuses have eight tentacles: two legs and six arms, with tiny suction cups on each one. They use the suction cups to grip rocks and to trap and hold their prey. They can change colour for camouflage. They also change colour according to how they are feeling. When they are scared, they turn white. If they are angry, they turn red. They normally hunt at night. They use ink to hide themselves from their enemies and from their prey. The most famous octopus was Paul the Octopus. He predicted that Spain would win the 2010 football World Cup against the Netherlands! Photocopiable © Oxford University Press Dolphins Dolphins are mammals not fish. Female dolphins give birth to one baby every two or three years. A baby dolphin is called a calf. When it is born, the mother pushes it to the surface to breathe. Dolphins cannot breathe under water but they can stay under water for about eight minutes. When they sleep, only one half of their brain sleeps. The other half controls the breathing so they float near the surface of the water and surface to breathe without waking up. They are intelligent. They use whistles and other sounds to communicate and they use echoes to find food and to navigate. This is called echolocation. Sharks Sharks have no bones in their body. Even their jaws, which are very powerful, are made of cartilage. Sharks’ teeth are in different rows. They can lose and grow over 20,000 teeth in their lifetime! Sharks vary a lot in size. The dwarf shark is just 20 centimetres long but the whale shark is 15 metres long. The white shark is one of the most dangerous.Two-thirds of the brain of a shark is dedicated to its sense of smell. Baby sharks are called pups. Sharks have been around for about 400 million years. They existed before the dinosaurs. www.oupe.es Summer Corner WORKSHEET 2 Blue whales Blue whales are mammals. They are the biggest animals on Earth. They are twice as big as the biggest dinosaur was. A baby whale, a calf, already weighs more than 2,000 kilogrammes and is over seven metres long. An adult weighs 150,000 kilogrammes and is 33 metres long. A blue whale’s tongue weighs as much as a small elephant! Every day a blue whale eats 3,600 kilogrammes of krill. A blue whale lives for 80 – 90 years. Starfish Starfish are not fish and they cannot swim.They crawl and climb. Most starfish have five arms, but some have forty! If an enemy bites off an arm, the starfish can grow a new one. Starfish don’t have eyes, but on the tip of each arm they have an eyespot. The eyespots are made of cells that can see if it is light or dark, but they cannot see shapes clearly. Starfish have no brains and no blood. Their nervous system is spread through their arms and their “blood” is filtered sea water. To eat food bigger than its mouth, the starfish can push its stomach through its mouth, digest its food and then slide its stomach back into its own body. Photocopiable © Oxford University Press Seahorses Seahorses have been an endangered species since 2004. They are the only fish that swim in an upright position. They are not good swimmers so they spend most of their time stationary. They use their tails to attach themselves to vegetation. They have no teeth and no stomach so they must eat almost constantly. The male seahorses become pregnant. They carry the young in a pouch. The Greek name for seahorse, Hippocampus, means ‘horse sea monster’ (hippo = horse, kampos = sea monster). Jellyfish Jellyfish are carnivores. They have sting cells in their tentacles to paralyze their prey. They eat small fish, eggs and crustaceans.They do not have an excretory system so their mouths are also their anuses. They do not have a skeleton, a brain, a respiratory system or a circulatory system. Ninety-five percent of their body is water. The box jellyfish has twenty-four eyes but it cannot see very well. Jellyfish can be different colours: white, pink, yellow, orange, red, blue, green and multicolored. They can also be different sizes: some measure three centimetres across and some four metres. www.oupe.es Summer Corner WORKSHEET 3 12 1 11 2 14 3 4 15 5 6 8 7 13 9 10 Across Down 1 Seahorses have been an ___________ species since 2004. 2 This is the biggest ocean. 3 Blue whales eat 3,600 kilogrammes of this each day. 4 The box jellyfish has 24 of these. 5 The shark has the most powerful _________. 6 When an octopus is scared, it turns this colour. 7 The male seahorse carries the young in this. 8 This is the name of a baby shark. 9 Ninety-five per cent of a jellyfish is made up of this. 10 A blue whales tongue weighs as much as a small _________. 11 Dolphins use this to navigate. 12 Dolphins and whales are not fish but _______. 13 The Greek word ‘Hippos’ means this. 14 Most starfish have ______ arms. 15 A starfish has an __________ on the tip of each arm. Photocopiable © Oxford University Press www.oupe.es