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MODULE 5 REVIEW
THE EARTH:
SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER!
Lesson 5.01
Key Points:
Earth Spheres.
-The 5 different spheres of the Earth are:
The Cryosphere includes all the frozen water on the earth and areas of frozen
ground.
The Hydrosphere includes all the water on the planet that is not frozen. This
includes the seas, lakes, streams, water in the ground, and water vapor in the air.
The Biosphere includes all the living things on, in, or surrounding the planet. We
can find these living things in the air, ground, ice, oceans, lakes, and more!
The Atmosphere includes the layer of gasses that surrounds the earth.
The Geosphere includes all the solid and molten rock. It is made up of the earth’s
solid crust, oceanic crust, inner layers of the earth which are liquid rock, and the
solid inner core.
Question: We live on the______________?
Lesson 5.02
Key Points:
Weather versus Climate.
-Weather is the current conditions in the troposphere.
In other words, “What is going on outside right now.”
-Weather deals with: Temperature, Humidity, Visibility, Clouds, Wind, Sunshine,
Precipitation.
Climate is the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time.
Climate describes:
Average temperature of a place.
Average amount of rainfall of a place.
Average amount of snowfall of a place.
Average number of sunny days of a place.
Average humidity of a place.
Average amount of wind for a place.
Question:
-Which is weather?
It is cold today.
-Which is climate?
It is usually cold in Antarctica.
Lesson 5.03
Climate: Mean, Median, Mode
Key Points:
Mean is just another name for average. To find the mean of a set of numbers, you
simply add all the numbers up and then divide by the total numbers.
The median is the middle number in a set of numbers.
The mode is the most common number in a set of data.
Question: Let’s find the mean, median, and mode of the following set on numbers
together:
0, 5, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5,2, 1
Lesson 5.04
Key Points:
Factors that Influence Climate.
The main factors that affect an area’s Climate are:
-Distance from the Equator --The main factor that influences the climate of a place is the distance
from the equator. The closer a place is to the equator, the warmer its climate.
-Altitude --Altitude is a location’s distance above the ocean. Altitude is usually measured in feet.
Places that are close to the ocean will have a low altitude and places that are farther away from the
ocean will have a higher altitude.
-Direction of Winds--Wind can greatly affect climate. Wind can bring cold or warm air into an area.
Winds that blow from the poles will bring cold air. Winds that blow from the equator will bring warm
air.
-Ocean Currents--Ocean currents affect climate in a way similar to winds. Ocean currents move water
around the ocean. Places that are near warm water currents will have a warmer climate. Places that
are near cold water currents will have a colder climate.
-Distance from a large body of water (Ocean) -- Places that are close to the ocean tend to be warmer
in the winter and cooler in the summer. The water in the ocean keeps the air above and around it
warmer at night and cooler in the day.
Question: The state of Florida is consistently warm because…
Lesson 5.05
Key Points:
Types of Climates
Tropical Climate
Places which are located near the equator have this type of climate.
Dry Climate
A desert has this type of climate.
Mild Climate
Places which have warm summers and cool winters have this type of climate.
Continental Climate
Places which have warm summers and very cold winters have this type of climate.
Polar Climate
Places which have a cold climate year round have this type of climate.
Mountain Area
Places with high altitudes.
Question: Florida has a ____________ climate.
Lesson 5.06
Key Points:
Greenhouse Effect
The Greenhouse Effect is a good and needed process that allows the Earth's
atmosphere to absorb heat from the sun in order to keep the Earth at the
right temperature during the day and at night.
The sun’s rays come into the atmosphere and get absorbed and trapped by
compounds that are in the atmosphere.
These compounds are called Greenhouse Gases.
The common Greenhouse Gases are:
-Water vapor
-Carbon dioxide
-Methane
-Nitrous Oxide
-Ozone
Global Warming occurs when the greenhouse effect is too strong and there are too many
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This is not a good thing.
Question: Do we need the Greenhouse Effect or Global Warming?
Lesson 5.07
Key Points:
Protection against Weather
Hazardous weather constantly threatens us. Because of this, humans have developed ways to
combat Mother Nature.
--Levees are man-made structures that extend the height of a river bank. During times of excess rain,
large amounts of water flow into rivers. Levees increase the amount of water that the river can hold,
reducing the chance that the river will overflow causing a flood.
--Many Dams are designed to hold back floodwater so a nearby town or city will not be flooded. The
dam captures all the excess rain water and holds it in a reservoir. The water can then be let out of the
reservoir slowly so it does not cause a flood.
--Tornado Sirens are designed to warn the people of the town that a tornado is close. This is
important because many tornadoes happen at night and the people of the town might be asleep or
unable to see the tornado.
--Protection Against Sun Exposure
Even though exposure to the sun is not a natural disaster, it is something that we need protection
against. A life time of sun exposure can cause skin cancer and eye problems. The best way to protect
ourselves from the sun is to use sunscreen and wear sunglasses to protect the skin and eyes when at
the beach, pool, snow skiing, or any other outdoor activity.
Question: Which type of protection do we need daily in Florida?
Your Module 5 Review
is now Complete!