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The Olympians Information Sheets for the Major Gods and Goddesses from Greek Mythology A set of information sheets about the 14 major gods and goddesses from Greek Mythology in kid friendly language. • • • • • • • Contents Zeus Poseidon Hades Hera Aphrodite Demeter Ares • • • • • • • Hermes Hestia Apollo Artemis Hephaestus Dionysus Athena Zeus ~ King of the Gods Zeus is the son of the Titans, Kronos and Rhea. After defeating the Titans, Zeus became the ruler of the sky and the king of the Gods. When he is angry, Zeus throws lightning bolts. These lightning bolts are forged by the Cyclops. Zeus is married to his sister, Hera, but he has had many affairs and he is the father of Perseus, Heracles, Minos, Helen, and many more heroes/heroines from Greek Mythology. Zeus rules the world from high atop Mount Olympus, but he visits earth often and he enjoys getting involved in the lives of humans. He is an incredibly powerful god and is terrifying when he is angry. Along with his brothers, Zeus, Poseidon and Hades, make up the “big three” of Olympian gods. His symbols include: the eagle, the shield, the thunderbolt, and the oak tree. Poseidon ~ God of the Sea Poseidon is also the son of the Titans, Kronos and Rhea. He is the second most powerful god on Olympus and he rules the seas and oceans. He spends time on Olympus, too. Poseidon is known as an unruly god with a hot temper. He is thought to be the cause of earthquakes and tidal waves, created whenever he was angry. When underwater, Poseidon rides a chariot that is pulled by seahorses. He always carries and trident and uses it to stir up the waves and to cause storms. He controls all of the sea monsters as well. According to myth, Poseidon is responsible for creating horses and giving them to humans. His symbols include: the trident, the horse, and the bull. Hades ~ God of the Underworld Hades is also the son of the Titans, Kronos and Rhea. Like his other brothers and sisters (except for Zeus), he was swallowed by his father. Zeus saved him and the others and gave him the Underworld to rule. Hades kidnapped Persephone (the daughter of Demeter). Zeus ruled that she would stay for half the year (autumn and winter) with Hades and half the year (spring and summer) with her mother, Demeter, on Earth. Hades is always gloomy and he can be very frightening at times. He is also very wealthy, owning all of the jewels, gold, and silver. Hades owns the Helmet of Invisibility (his Helm). He occasionally lends it to humans to use. He is not thought of as evil, his name means, “the unseen”. His symbols include: the helmet, metals, and jewels. Hera ~ Queen of the Gods Hera is the daughter of the Titans, Kronos and Rhea, and the wife of Zeus, who also happens to be her brother. She has two sons, Ares and Hephaestus, and two daughters, Eris and Hebe. She is incredibly beautiful and powerful, but she is also jealous and vain. Hera was often jealous of Athena and Aphrodite. She is known as the protector of women and marriage, even though she had little time for mortals. Hera is very upset by Zeus and his many affairs. She is often plotting revenge on Zeus or his lady friends. Zeus often looked to Hera for advice when ruling the other Olympians. Her symbols include: the peacock and the cow. Aphrodite ~ Goddess of Love Aphrodite was born when Uranus was defeated by Zeus. A drop of Uranus’ blood fell into the ocean and caused it to foam, from the foam emerged Aphrodite. She has no other jobs on Olympus but to look pretty and to make others fall in love with her. She has a magic belt that makes others love her. She is unhappily married to Hephaestus, the god of the forge. She is known to have many boyfriends, including Ares and even some humans. Aphrodite has a lot of children. She can be very kind, but she can also be very vicious, especially when she feels as if someone has insulted her beauty. Her powers are so great that wild animals are tames in her presence. Her symbols include: the dove, the sparrow, the swan, and the myrtle. Demeter ~ Goddess of the Harvest Demeter is the daughter of the Titans, Kronos and Rhea. She is the goddess of the harvest and of the Earth. She controls the growth of all fruits, vegetables and crops. She carries out her duties with the help of her daughter, Persephone. When Hades takes her daughter away for half the year, Demeter is sad and the vegetation withers. Once Persephone returns to her mother for the other half of the year, plants bloom and grow once more. Demeter is generous and caring. She teaches humans to farm and she is responsible for introducing wheat to humans. Her symbols include: the ear of corn and wheat. Ares ~ God of War Ares is the son of Zeus and Hera. He has a twin sister named Eris. He is the god of war and because he is so quick to anger and so violent, it is said that his parents did not even like him. He is a very dangerous god and an unreliable ally. Ares is involved with all battles and fights. Even though Ares is powerful, he can be driven off the battlefield by humans who prefer peace to fighting.. Ares is athletic and handsome and he often wears full battle armor. He has the ability to change forms and he killed Adonis while in the form of a boar. Ares has an ongoing relationship with Aphrodite even though she is married to another god, Hephaestus. Ares and Aphrodite have a son (Eros) and a daughter (Harmonia).. His symbols include: the vulture, the spear, and the dog. Hermes ~ God of Travelers Hermes is the son Zeus and the Titan, Maia. He is the messenger of the gods of Olympus. He is graceful, clever and quick. The winged helmet and winged sandals helped Hermes to move more quickly. He is the patron of travelers and the god of trade and treaties. Hermes carries a caduceus wherever he goes which allows him to gain access to anywhere on Earth, heaven, or even in the Underworld. He also invented fire, written music, the alphabet, boxing and the lyre (a gift to Apollo). His symbols include: the wand, the caduceus, the winged sandals, and the winged helmet. Hestia ~ Goddess of the Hearth Hestia is the oldest daughter of the Titans, Kronos and Rhea. She has never married. Hestia is a sweet, kind and forgiving goddess and she never leaves her home on Mount Olympus. She never participates in any arguments or wars, and for this reason, all of the other Olympians love and respect her. Hestia is the goddess who protects the home and the family. Every human prays to her and every fire in every hearth is Hestia’s fire. Though she has no temples dedicated to her, since her fire burns in every temple she is worshipped everywhere. Her symbols include: the hearth, and fire. Apollo ~ God of the Sun Apollo is the son of Zeus and the Titaness, Leto. He has a twin sister named Artemis. He is probably the most loved god on Olympus. He is handsome, charming, talented, and honest. He delights the other Olympians with his music and songs. He teaches people how to cure and care for sick and ailing people. Apollo is responsible for the movement of the sun across the sky. He pulls the sun with his golden chariot. Apollo often carries a golden bow and arrows and he often appears as a shimmering gold color. He also has the gift of the prophecy, and he is said to speak through the Oracle at Delphi. His symbols include: the crow, the dolphin, the laurel, and the lyre. Artemis ~ Goddess of the Hunt Artemis is the daughter of Zeus and the Titaness, Leto. She is the twin sister of Apollo. She has never married. She is not only the goddess of the hunt, but she is also the moon goddess. Artemis is responsible for the movement of the moon across the night sky, which she does with a chariot led by stags. She is a huntress and she is the protector of animals and young children. Artemis carries a silver bow and she appears silver in color, like the moonlight. She never missed with her arrows. She has healing powers just like her twin brother. Her symbols include: the stag, and the moon, and the cypress. Hephaestus ~ God of the Forge Hephaestus is the son of Titans, Kronos and Rhea. He is the least good looking of the Olympians. He was born with a handicap, a deformed foot. He is a gentle and good-natured god, but he is unhappily married to the goddess, Aphrodite. Hephaestus makes armor and weapons for the gods and goddesses. He also makes jewelry. He is a very hard worker. His forge is located under an erupting volcano. The Cyclops assist him in making weapons, even Zeus’ thunderbolt. His symbols include: the blacksmith’s hammer and fire. Dionysus ~ God of Wine Dionysus is the son of Zeus and the beautiful princess, Semele. He is known for his light-heartedness and always offers to help anyone in need. He is very popular among both gods and mortals alike, and many parties and festivals are help in his honor each year. He is one of the few gods who does not live in Mount Olympus, wandering the Earth instead with satyrs looking for the secrets of winemaking. Dionysus is a good looking young man with impressive golden hair who often wears a wreath of ivy on his head. He is married to Ariadne, the princess of Crete, and he has a number of famous children. His symbols include: the flute, wine barrels, and grapes. Athena ~ Goddess of Wisdom Athena was born fully grown from the head of Zeus dressed in full body armor. She is Zeus’ favorite child. She actually hates war and wages it only to defend the side of right. She never loses a battle. After competing with the god, Poseidon, Athena officially became the patron god of the city of Athens and they built the Parthenon in her honor. Athena teaches humans many different skills and she also protects heroes. She invented the ship, plow, trumpet, and bridle. She knows the secrets of mathematics and taught cooking, sewing, and weaving to women everywhere. Her symbols include: the owl, the shield, and the olive branch. Thanks for your purchase! I have had the hardest time finding age appropriate information about the major gods and goddesses in Greek mythology. I created these information sheets for my students to use when learning about these gods/goddesses. I project one information sheet per day on the ELMO and the students use the information sheets to fill in their booklets about gods/goddesses. Here is the link to the booklet: http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/My-Booklet-of-Greek-Gods-andGoddesses-Research-Writing-471248 We use these sheets when we read, “The Lightning Thief”, by Rick Riordan. They could also be used during a unit on Greek Mythology. Credits: