Download 1. What are the three subatomic particles that make

Physical Science CP
Chapter 7 Electricity
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Study Guide
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not intended to be your only study device. Test question material is drawn from class notes, textbook, supplemental materials, and
study guide.
1. What are the three subatomic particles that make up an atom? Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three
subatomic particles that make up an atom.
2. Which subatomic particle of an atom has a positive charge? Protons are the subatomic particles in an atom
that have a positive charge.
3. Which subatomic particle of an atom has a negative charge? Electrons are the subatomic particles in an atom
that have a negative charge.
4. Which subatomic particle of an atom has no charge? Neutrons are the subatomic particles in an atom that
have no charge.
5. If an atom has the same number of protons and electrons, what is the net charge of the atom? If an atom has
the same number of protons and electrons, the net charge is 0 because the charges cancel each other out.
6. What would happen if an electron got close to a proton? Why? If an electron got close to a proton, they
would be attracted to each other because opposite charges attract?
7. What would happen if two electrons got close to each other? Why? If two electrons got close to each other,
they would repel each other because like charges repel.
8. What would happen if two protons got close to each other? Why? If two protons got close to each other,
they would repel each other because like charges repel.
9. What is a conductor? Conductors are materials that allow electrons to move through them easily.
10. Give an example of a conductor. Metals (gold, copper, aluminum, and silver) and your skin are good
conductors.
11. What is an insulator? Insulators are materials that DON”T allow electrons to move through them easily.
12. Give an example of an insulator? Rubber, wood, plastic, glass, and air are all insulators.
13. What are three ways an object can become charged? Three ways an object can become charged are
Charging by conduction (contact), Charging by Friction, and Charging by Induction.
14. What is charging by friction? Charging by friction is the process of charging an object by rubbing two
objects together. When this happens, sometimes electrons leave one object and stick to the other, leaving
both objects charged.
15. Give an example of charging by friction? Rubbing a balloon on your hair is an example of charging by
friction.
16. What is charging by conduction? Charging by conduction is the process of transferring a charge to a neutral
object by touching.
17. Give an example of charging by conduction? Touching an object after you have walked across carpet is an
example of charging by conduction.
18. What is charging by induction? Charging by induction is the process of transferring charge by rearranging
the electrons on a neutral object by bringing charged object near it, without the two touching.
19. Give an example of charging by induction? An example of charging by induction is charging a glass rod,
and bringing it close to an electroscope.
20. What is static electricity? Static electricity is a buildup of excess electrical charge on an object.
21. How does an object usually become charged with a buildup of excess electrical charge? Objects usually
become charged with a buildup of excess electrical charge by charging by friction.
22. What does the law of conservation of charge state? The law of conservation of charge states that charges
cannot be created or destroyed, but can be transferred from one object to another.
23. What is static discharge? Static discharge is the release of static electricity through the air between two
objects.
24. What is an example of static discharge? Lightning is an example of static discharge.
25. What is voltage? Voltage is the amount of energy carried by each electron.
26. What is voltage measured in? Voltage is measured in volts.
Physical Science CP
Chapter 7 Electricity
DO NOT WRITE ANSWERS ON THIS SHEET. IT WILL NOT BE GRADED IF YOU DO.
Study Guide
Disclaimer: This study guide does not contain the test questions, but rather, leads you in the direction of the test material. This sheet is
not intended to be your only study device. Test question material is drawn from class notes, textbook, supplemental materials, and
study guide.
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What is the symbol for a volt? v is the symbol for a volt.
What is current? Current is the number of electrons flowing through a circuit.
What is current measured in? Current is measured in amperes or amps.
What is the symbol for an ampere? a is the symbol for an ampere.
Which subatomic particle is responsible for an electric current? The electron is the subatomic particle
responsible for an electric current.
What is resistance? Resistance is the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons and when this
happens, electrical energy is changed into thermal energy and light.
How does resistance affect the voltage flowing through a circuit? Resistance slows the voltage down as it
flows through a circuit.
What is resistance measured in? Resistance is measured in ohms.
What is the symbol for an ohm? The symbol for an ohm is 
What are four factors that can affect the resistance in a circuit? Four factors that can affect the resistance in
a circuit are the materials the circuit is made of, the length of the circuit, the diameter of the circuit, and the
temperature of the circuit.
Where would the resistance be less and why?
a. narrow wire or wide wire? The resistance would be less in the wide wire because it is easier for
electrons to flow through a wide wire.
b. long wire or short wire? The resistance would be less in the short wire because there is less wire for the
electrons to flow through.
What is the current in a 10V circuit if the resistance is 2Ω?
I=V ÷ R
I= 10 volts ÷ 2
I= 5 amps
What voltage is required to move 2A through 10Ω?
V= I x R
V=2amps x 10
V=20 volts
What is the resistance of a circuit with 120V and 5A?
R= V ÷I
R= 120 volts ÷ 5 amps
R= 24 ohms
Identify the following circuit symbols
Battery
Switch
Light bulb
Resistor
AC Source (generator)
Chemical cell
Wire
42. What is a circuit? A circuit is a closed path through which electrons can flow.
43. What is a series circuit? A series circuit is one in which the current has only a single path for electrons to
flow through.
44. What’s an example of a series circuit? Holiday lights are an example of a series circuit.
Physical Science CP
Chapter 7 Electricity
DO NOT WRITE ANSWERS ON THIS SHEET. IT WILL NOT BE GRADED IF YOU DO.
Study Guide
Disclaimer: This study guide does not contain the test questions, but rather, leads you in the direction of the test material. This sheet is
not intended to be your only study device. Test question material is drawn from class notes, textbook, supplemental materials, and
study guide.
45. What happens if anything in a series circuit burns out? When anything in a series circuit burns out, the
circuit is disconnected, and no current moves through. It creates what we call an open circuit.
46. What is a parallel circuit? A parallel circuit is one in which there are two or more paths for electrons to flow
through. The current splits up to flow through the different branches.
47. What happens if one part of a parallel circuit becomes disconnected? If one part of a parallel circuit is
disconnected, electricity can still flow through the others.
48. Which type of circuit do we find in our houses? Parallel circuits are what we find in our homes.
49. Draw the circuit diagram for the picture below.