Download The Cell Cycle The Cell Cycle, DNA, REPLICAITON and Cancer

Name:_____________________________________Period:______Date:_________
The Cell Cycle,
Cycle, DNA, REPLICAITON and Cancer Worksheet
1. List the 3 main parts of the cell cycle.
a. ______________________________
b. ______________________________
c. ______________________________
2. When do cell go through the cell cycle and/or mitosis?
3. What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
4. The division of the nucleus is called? ____________________
5. The division of the cytoplasm is called? ____________________
6. What happens to the cell during interphase?
7. What are the stages of mitosis?________________________________________
8. What is the longest phase of mitosis?___________________
9. What is the shortest phase of mitosis?__________________
10. During what phase does the nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear?____________
11. In what form is the DNA in during interphase? ____________________
12. What happens to the DNA during interphase?
13. What happens to the chromosomes during prophase?
14. What happens to the chromosomes during metaphase?
15. What happens to the chromosomes during anaphase?
16. What happens to the chromosomes during telophase?
17. What is the difference between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?
18. Is mitosis a form of sexual or asexual reproduction? Provide 2 reasons for you choice.
19. How is the cell cycle regulated?
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20. What is the difference between a malignant tumor and a benign tumor?
21. Define cancer.
22. What are several causes of cancer? And what are these called?
23. Label the following parts.
A. _________________
B. _______________________
C. ______________________________
D. ______________________________
E. ______________________________
F. ______________________________
DNA STRUCTURE
11. What are the monomer units (building blocks) of DNA?
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12. What term is given to the shape of the DNA molecule?
13. What are the three components of a nucleotide?
14. What part(s) of the nucleotide make up the backbone (sides) of the DNA molecule?
15. What part(s) of the nucleotide make up the rungs (middle) of the DNA molecule?
16. What type of bonds hold the nitrogen bases together?
17. Draw a simple diagram of a nucleotide.
18. Write the complementary strand of DNA for the sequence below.
ATGGCATTCGCACCATCT
1. What is the function of DNA? ____________________________________________________
2. Write the complementary strand after DNA replication for the following DNA strands:
5’ AGATGCATC 3’
3’ ___________ 5’
3’ CTAGGT 5’
5’ _______ 3’
3. In DNA, it is the sequence of the __________ that determines the traits of an organism. They are the only part
of the structure that can change.
4. For each of the following discoveries or accomplishments, name the scientist(s) responsible:
Built a model of DNA
___________________________
Discovered that in DNA the # of A’s = the # of T’s
___________________________
Confirmed DNA carries the genetic code
___________________________
Used x-ray to discover the helix shape of DNA
___________________________
5. Why is the number of Adenine bases in a section of DNA the same as the number of Thymine bases in a
section of DNA? (Think Pairing Rules) ____________________________________
6. What is the name of the sugar found in a DNA molecule? ______________________________
7. Complete the model of DNA by drawing in the complementary nucleotides (Remember DNA runs in an
anti-parallel direction):
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DNA REPLICATION
8. What is the process (illustrated on the right) when DNA molecules separate
into single stands, which are then used to construct two identical strands
of DNA, called? ____________ _________________.
9. DNA Replication results in two DNA molecules, each with one ______ strand and
one __________ strand.
10. In order for DNA to replicate, the bonds between the ___________ ________
must be broken.
11. What does semi-conservative mean? ________________________________________________
12. Replication constructs two identical strands of DNA. This means that the daughter cells are genetically (circle
one) identical/different from their parent cell.
19. What is the purpose of DNA replication?
21. What enzyme is responsible for “unzipping” the DNA molecule?
23. What is the role of DNA polymerase?
25. What is the end result of DNA replication?
Mutations
Can mutations be passed from parent to offspring? If so how?
When do mutations occur?
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Original DNA
sequence:
Mutated DNA
sequence #1:
Type of
Point
mutation
(Circle one.)
Mutated DNA
sequence #2:
Type of
Point
mutation
(Circle one.)
Mutated DNA
sequence #3:
Type of
Point
mutation
(Circle one.)
Mutated DNA
sequence #4:
Type of
Point
mutation
(Circle one.)
TAC
TAC
ACC
ATC
TTG
TTG
GAC
CTT
ACC
TTA
ACC
Substitution
GGC
GAC
GCG
ACG
Frameshift
Substitution
TAC
ACG
Frameshift
Substitution
TAC
GCG
ACG
Frameshift
Substitution
TAC
GCG
TTG
GGA
CGA
Frameshift
ACT
ACT
Insertion
GAC
Insertion
or
Deletion
T
or
Deletion
or
Deletion
or
Deletion
ACT
Insertion
CT
Insertion
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