Download test 1 review

Challenge and Change test #1 review
Test MONDAY NOVEMBER 9, 2015
Anthropology
-what is Anthropology?
-what is the focus of cultural anthropology?
- some of the things they look at: rites of passage, disappearing cultures and the
value of different cultures
-what is the focus of linguistic anthropologists?
- how can cultures be studied by looking at language? What does language tell us?
- what is archaeology?
- what is forensic anthropology?
- definition of culture, society
-participant observation~ what is it? Who are some examples of famous
anthropologist who did this kind of research?
- what are ethnographies? Why do we need them?
-schools of thought of Anthropology~ what are the basic theories behind each?
- TED talk, Wade Davis
Psychology
- what is psychology?
- What is experimental psychology? Be able to demonstrate a basic
understanding of at least three experiments
- What is clinical psychology? Where are psychology services provided?
- What is behavioural psychology? Be able to demonstrate an understanding of
classical and operant conditioning
- Understand the basic components of the four schools of thought that we
looked at
- Be familiar with and understand four of the ten therapy techniques we
looked at in class
- What is learning theory? What are some experiments that demonstrate this
theory?
Sociology
- what is sociology?
- Key concepts~ status, hierarchy, role
- Norms- what happens when we go against norms?
- Deviance- what is the definition in relation to sociology?
- Demonstrate an understanding of five deviance theories
- Mores, folkways, laws, taboos
- Be able to demonstrate an understanding of the four major schools of
thought and apply them to situations
Symbolic Interactionism
Symbolic Interactionists believe humans have complex brains and the interpretation
of daily stimuli occurs through the attachment of personalized meanings
(e.g.) One sibling might interpret their visit to the cottage with their mother as
terrible, while the other sibling might have thought it was fine
Focus on how individuals process and interpret society beyond its institutions to
form values
Conflict Theory
Developed by Karl Marx, mid 1800s; German
Basis of the theory founded in the political/economic theory of communism
Social order is maintained by domination, with power in the hands of those with the
greatest political, economic, and social resources. According to conflict theory,
inequality exists because those in control of a disproportionate share of society’s
resources actively defend their advantages.
Groups and individuals advance their own interests, struggling over control of
societal resources. Those with the most resources exercise power over others with
inequality and power struggles result.
Feminist Theory
Feminist Theorists focus on sex and gender issues – extension of Conflict Theory
Believe that women have traditionally been disadvantaged in society because men
have discriminated against them
Since men have traditionally made the decisions in within society, they tend to
favour men
Liberal feminism emphasizes better-paid and prestigious jobs to women and the
elimination of laws discriminating against social rights of women
Marxian feminists believe women’s unpaid / undervalued domestic work has
influenced lower wages to male workers
Radical feminists believe child bearing has led to systematic oppression by men
Socialist feminists try to separate issues of oppression that stem from male
domination through capitalism
Structural-Functionalism
Belief that each society should provide its members with the fundamental
requirements for functioning
 fulfilling material needs
 socializing and educating youth
 regulating reproduction (usually marriage)
Argue that societies remain stable by its members sharing values and agree on ways
that its institutions operate. Change is slow, then society stable.
When change occurs in one part, there is change in another. During times rapid
change, the danger is that sometimes institutions fail to fulfill their function.