Download Evolution - TeacherWeb

Evolution Subject: Science, Grade: HS, Year Created: 2017
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Test
1)
Convergent evolution is the development of body structures that have similar functions but have evolved independently. Which pair of structures
best illustrates convergent evolution?
the paw of a grizzly bear and the paw of a polar bear
the tail of a great white shark and the tail of a blue whale
the neck bones of a giraffe and the neck bones of a cat
the tail of a crocodile and the tail of a horse
2)
Use the diagram to answer the question.
The diagram shows fossil leg bones of horses from Hyracotherium (55 million years ago) to Equus (modern horse). Which evidence from these
fossils best supports the theory of evolution?
3)
The fossils were all from animals that lived on grassy plains.
The fossils all have toe structures analogous to those of other
animals.
The fossils show multiple branches of the family tree.
The fossils show a series of intermediate stages from earliest to
latest.
Which aspect of DNA is considered the strongest supporting evidence for the theory of evolution?
the double-helix shape of DNA found in some frozen mammoths
the similarity of DNA among very different species
the control of protein synthesis by DNA
the replication of DNA during mitosis
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4)
Use the table to answer the question.
Scientists believe that mammals evolved from reptiles. Monotremes resulted from an early branching in the evolution of mammals. Which fossil
evidence would further support the scientists’ belief that modern mammals evolved from reptiles?
5)
evidence that fossil monotremes and early mammals had similar
jaw and earbone structures
evidence that fossil monotremes, reptiles, and placental mammals
all can be found in the same rock layers on some continents
evidence that the first fossil monotremes appear in older rock
layers than the first fossil placental mammals
evidence that fossil forms of monotremes were once more
widespread and diverse than modern monotremes
Which fact about proteins provides evidence for the theory of evolution?
Protein structures are determined by DNA, which is passed from one generation to another.
Proteins do a wide variety of necessary tasks within cells, and life could not exist without them.
Proteins are most similar among closely related organisms, and certain proteins have similar roles in many types of organisms.
Protein structures can range from simple to very complex, depending on the task they need to perform and the complexity of the organism.
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6)
Use the diagram to answer the question.
The evidence shows evolutionary
changes are affected by natural
selection.
The evidence shows evolutionary
changes result from changes in
genes present in species.
The evidence shows the rate of
evolutionary change can be quite
variable over time.
The evidence shows the rate of
evolutionary change is slowing down
over time.
In 1972, a scientific team presented evidence supporting the theory of punctuated equilibrium. The
evidence is illustrated by the diagram. How does this evidence challenge the previously accepted
theory of evolutionary change?
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7)
Use the table to answer the question.
Sharks, seals, and dolphins all live in the open ocean. Traits of each group are shown in the table. Which information in the table is most important
in establishing evolutionary relationships between the groups?
8)
Sharks and dolphins both have skin and probably have a common
ancestor different from seals.
Sharks and dolphins have similar features and probably have a
common ancestor different from seals.
All three groups have such unique properties that it is unlikely they
have a common ancestor.
Seals and dolphins have similar bones and probably have a
common ancestor different from sharks.
In 1971, scientists discovered a 346-million-year-old fossil of an extinct species, Pederpes finneyae . This species is related to lobed fish but has
feet and legs similar to later land animals. Which aspect of the current theory of evolution is supported by this fossil?
genetic mutations
transitions between species
extinctions of species
the process of natural selection
9)
Which fossil provides the most compelling evidence of the theory of evolution?
a fossil of a shelled marine organism unlike any alive today
a fossil of an ancient tree with flower and seed parts very similar to those in trees today
a fossil of a dinosaur nest and an adult showing evidence of parental care
a fossil of an animal with some characteristics of reptiles and some characteristics of birds
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10)
Use the diagrams to answer the question.
DNA is
stronger
supporting
evidence
than body
shape.
It is easier to
use DNA to
identify the
wasps than
it is to use
body shape.
The new
system fits
better with
the theory of
evolution.
Some scientists have studied the evolution of social behavior in wasps. The original model of wasp evolution was based on the
basic shape of the wasps and patterns of social behavior. The original model proposed that social behavior evolved once and
therefore all three social wasps are closely related. Research based on similarities in DNA sequences suggested a different
model. The new model shows that social behavior has evolved twice. Why would scientists want to switch to the new model?
11)
The new
system
better shows
the wasp
behavior.
The “half-life” of a bowl of candy in a preschool classroom is twenty minutes. One pound of candy was placed in a bowl in the classroom. When the
bowl was removed from the classroom, only
pound of candy remained in the bowl. How long was the bowl of candy in the classroom?
7.5 minutes
20 minutes
1 hour
8 hours
12)
An isotope used for absolute dating has a half-life of 100,000 years. Laboratory analysis of a crystal, which originally formed with only the parent
isotope present, is now found to have a parent-to-daughter ratio of 1 : 3 . How long has it been since the crystal formed?
33,000 years
50,000 years
200,000 years
300,000 years
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13)
The La Brea tar pits in Los Angeles, California, are famous for the quantity and quality of fossils found in the tar. Scientists used radiocarbon dating
to find that a log of a juniper tree was buried in the tar pit about 30,000 years ago. Which assumption about the radioactive carbon must they make
to use this method?
The amount of radioactive carbon is the same throughout the tar pit.
The radioactivity of carbon is different from other types of radioactivity.
The rate of radioactive decay of carbon is constant over time.
The amount of radioactive carbon available to plants increases each year.
14)
Uranium-235 decays into lead-207 with an overall half-life of 710 million years. A rock sample is tested and found to have a ratio of 25% uranium-235
to 75% lead-207 . What is the approximate age of the rock?
355 million years
710 million years
1,420 million years
2,130 million years
15)
Use the table to answer the question.
Isotope Half-life Values
Parent
Isotope
Stable Daughter
Isotope
Half-life
(years)
uranium-238
lead-206
4.5 billion
uranium-235
lead-207
0.7 million
thorium-232
lead-208
14 billion
A rock is discovered that contains 75% of the uranium-238 it contained when it was formed. What is the best estimate of the age of the rock?
1.25 billion years old
2.25 billion years old
4.5 billion years old
9.0 billion years old
Copyright © 2013-2014 Data Recognition Corporation.
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