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Gods and Goddesses
The Immortals
Mount Olympus
• Highest mountain in Greece
• Not heaven
• Place where gods live
• Ocean – river that encircled the Earth
Gods – 12 Olympians
Zeus
• Jupiter
• Supreme Ruler
• Brother – Poseidon,
Hades
• Lord of the sky, Raingod, Cloud-gatherer
• Carries thunderbolt
• Many infidelities
Hera
• Juno
• Zeus’s wife, some say
sister too
• Protector of marriage
• Punished Zeus’s
mistresses & children
• Never forgot an injury
Poseidon
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Neptune
Ruler of the Sea
Gave man first horse
Had a home under the
sea, had golden chariot
that drove on water
• Carried trident
• Shape shifter
Hades
• Pluto
• Ruler over underworld
and the dead
• God of wealth (metals
in the earth)
• Owned helmet, made
him invisible
• Terrible, not evil
Athena
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Minerva
Virgin goddess
Daughter of Zeus alone*
Goddess of the City – defender
of homeland, protector of
civilized life, agriculture, &
handicrafts
Inventor of the bridle
Parthenon
Embodiment of wisdom,
reason, purity
Zeus’s favorite – thunderbolt*
Apollo
• Apollo
• Son of Zeus & Leto
• “most Greek of all the
gods”
• God of Light & Truth
• Master musician, Archergod, healer
• Showed men divine will &
how to keep peace
Artemis
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Diana
Virgin goddess
Apollo’s twin sister
Goddess of the Hunt
Lady of Wild Things
Helped women with
child birth
• Anyone’s sudden death
caused by her arrows –
Orion’s head*
• Goddess of chastity
Hermes
• Mercury
• Son of Zeus & Maia
• God of Commerce & the
Market
• Protector of Traders
• Zeus’s messenger
• Wings on helmet & sandals*
• Master Thief – Apollo*
• Prankster / helper of mankind
• Guide of the dead
Dionysus
• God of Wine
• Son of Zeus and
Semele*
• Loved by many for his
bravery and the fun
he offered
• Hated by many
because he shouldn’t
have been a god and
he caused trouble
Ares
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Mars
Son of Zeus & Hera*
God of War
Murderous, bloodstained,
incarnate curse of mortals
Coward who bellows in pain &
runs away when wounded
Skin-covered throne
Bloodstained spear
Possible affair with Aprhodite
Aphrodite
• Venus
• Goddess of Love & Beauty
• Beguiled gods and men –
power / magical girdle
• Daughter of Zeus & Dione
/sprung from sea foam
• Protectress of sailors
• Without her no joy or loveliness
• Exerts deadly & destructive
power over men
• Some say wife of Hephaestus
Hephaestus
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Vulcan
God of Fire
Born of Hera alone*
Only ugly god – lame*
Armorer & smith for mortals
Popular, kindly, peace-loving
Built palaces on Mt. Olympus
Gold handmaidens
Created Pandora at Zeus’s
request
Hestia
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Vesta
Zeus’s sister
Goddess of the Hearth
Every meal began and
ended with offering to her
• Each city had public hearth
sacred to her – carried
coals away to start new
cities*
Extra Info
• Centaurs – half man, half horse
• Gorgons – dragon like – look turned men to
stone
• Sirens – songs lured sailors to their death
• Fates – gave good & evil at birth
• Graces – 3 sisters, incarnation of grace &
beauty, “queens of song”
• Muses – 9 sisters, sing & people forget
troubles
Pan
• God of shepherds
and flocks
• Son of Hermes and a
nymph
• Born with legs and
horns of a goat
• Cause of sudden fear
that comes over
someone, panic
Demeter
• Goddess of
Agriculture
• Sister of Zeus
• Mother of
Persephone